Browsing by Title
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Whittaker, Helène (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2006)[+][-]
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Zeineddine, Inas (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 22-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Human Rights organizations have a history in fighting against violations and issues that are affecting the individuals, groups and nations worldwide, however, constant challenges faced by such organizations proved to delay effective advancement in access to human rights. The research aims at tackling the challenges from the standpoint of a necessary change in the organizational perception of campaigning systems to improve performance and achieve significant outcomes. The research proposes the inclusion of new technological trends of engagement that proved effective and resourceful in other sectors. The motivations underlying the behavior of human beings are influenced by the tendency to satisfy psychological needs, such as self-achievement, meaning, recognition, status and altruism. The research will discuss the psychological motivations behind people’s engagement in online activities and extend them to explain why gamification and crowdsourcing harnessed success and why such methods would be significant adaptations for campaigning in human rights. Case study methodology was adopted for this research to examine campaigns of human rights organizations that used gamification and crowdsourcing techniques, where data pertaining to the cases have been collected from the concerned websites and other reliable social media and networking online resources. The findings revealed a positive impact from applying gamification and crowdsourcing in the two selected cases, translated in the raised funds, awareness levels, contribution, participation and interaction. The outcome of this research will help identify what the expectations of people are when they logon into their social profiles and will consequently; assist human rights organizations in selecting the components of their campaigns and various engagement elements according to the interests of the targeted users of social platforms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5112 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.397Mb) -
Vorren, Tore Ola; Laberg, Jan Sverre (Chronicle; Kronikk, 28-Aug-2010)[+][-]
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Ihlebæk, Hanne Marie (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Gammaherpesvirus causes the disease, malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), in wild and domestic ruminants worldwide. In Norway MCF occurs sporadically in wild and domestic ruminants. The present study examined the extent that semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Finnmark, Norway, are exposed to gammaherpesvirus. A serological screening was performed to determine the prevalence of gammaherpesvirus antibodies on slaughtered reindeer in Finnmark. The overall seroprevalence was 3.5% (n=3339). The effect of geography, animal density, age, gender and carcass weight on the risk of exposure to gammaherpesvirus (i.e. seropositive) was assessed using a logistic regression model.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed, both a specific OvHV2 protocol, targeting the FGAM synthase in ORF 73, and a consensus PCR to detect a wider range of gammaherpesviruses, targeting the polymerase gene. Amplified products from both PCR methods were sequenced. Results from the OvHV2 PCR showed 35% homology (48 nucleotides) to OvHV2, however the match did not correlate to the expected sequence location between the second set primers (555/556). Alignment of sequences obtained from the consensus PCR to other known gammaherpesviruses in GenBank, showed greater but still restricted homology. This suggests that reindeer in Finnmark may be infected by an unknown gammaherpesvirus. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2615 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.259Mb) -
Dahlberg, Lars Eirik (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Formålet med avhandlingen er å se på hvordan et utvalg nordiske renessansenavn spredte seg sosiologisk og geografisk i Norge på 1800-tallet. På grunnlag av opplysninger i Norsk personnamnleksikon (NPL) er materiale for syv nordiske renessansenavn hentet inn, nemlig Borghild, Dagny, Gudrun, Hjalmar, Ragnvald, Sverre og Trygve. Disse var også blant de hundre mest vanlige fornavnene i år 1900. Den sosiologiske undersøkelsen er gjennomført ved analyse av 694 personer fra folketellingen i 1865. Disse er klassifisert i ulike sosiale klasser og sammenlignet med 791 personer født i Kristiania i 1898-1900. Personene født i Kristiania er også sammenlignet mot 90 personer født i Ringsaker. Dette ble gjort for å se etter forskjeller mellom by og land på slutten av 1800-tallet. For å gjennomføre undersøkelsen av den geografiske spredningen er det hentet inn et materiale på 30247 personer. Disse er fordelt på fire perioder gjennom 1800-tallet slik at spredningen vises fra periode til periode. Hypotesene er at de høyere sosiale lag tok i bruk renessansenavnene først, og at navnene spredte seg nedover i de sosiale klassene, samt utover fra byene og til landsbygda. For å søke svar på disse hypotesene er materialet behandlet ved hjelp av innovasjonsteori og sosiologisk teori om smakspreferanser. Det er i denne sammenhengen interessant å se at innovasjonsteori også stemmer for navn, og at innføringen av nye navn er å betrakte som en innovasjon, på lik linje med andre innovasjoner. Dette fenomenet bekreftes gjennom hvordan den sosiologiske og den geografiske spredningen er for de undersøkte navnene i avhandlingen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4066 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (11.57Mb) -
Thon, Tonje (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Bakgrunn for studien er et ønske om å forstå mer av hva som skjer i klinisk praksis basert på egne praksiserfaringer, forekomst av cerebral parese og eksisterende forskning på området. Hensikten er å analysere og dokumentere hva som skjer i fysioterapibehandling av barn med cerebral parese som har gangvansker. I tillegg er hensikten å se om det skjer endringer i bevegelseskvalitet i behandlingene, og hvordan situasjonene kan gi en forståelse av kroppslig uttrykk relatert til gange. Studien er forankret i en fenomenologisk-hermeneutisk vitenskapstradisjon. Kvalitativ metode og ikke-deltakende observasjon er brukt. Utvalget er strategisk valgt og består av to barn med cerebral parese og to fysioterapeuter. Datamaterialet er drøftet i lys av utvalgte aspekter og begreper fra naturvitenskap, kroppsfenomenologi og kunnskapsteori. Studiens innsikter peker på at endring i bevegelseskvalitet i del-komponenter relatert til gange kommer til syne i begge observasjonen. Studien viser forskjell i hvordan disse endrete kroppslige forutsetningene integreres i barnas gangfunksjon. Fysioterapeutenes handlinger synes betydningsfulle for hvordan barna interagerer kroppslig med omgivelsene og hvordan kroppens ulike deler forholder seg til hverandre og i rommet. Handlingene påvirker uttrykket i barnas intensjonalitet i ulike sammenhenger. Nøkkelord: cerebral parese, fysioterapi, bevegelseskvalitet, gange, barn, endring, fenomenologi, kvalitativ forskning. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4670 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.076Mb) -
Shcherbin, Dmitri; Thorvaldsen, Andreas johan; Jonsson, Dan Johan; Ruud, Kenneth (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)[+][-]
Abstract: We present the first gauge-origin independent formulation of Jones birefringence at the Hartree–Fock level of theory. Gauge-origin independence is achieved through the use of London atomic orbitals. The implementation is based on a recently proposed atomic orbital-based response theory formulation that allows for the use of both time- and perturbation-dependent basis sets [Thorvaldsen, Ruud, Kristensen, Jørgensen, and Coriani, J. Chem. Phys. 129, 214108 (2008)]. We present the detailed expressions for the response functions entering the Jones birefringence when London atomic orbitals are used. The implementation is tested on a set of polar and dipolar molecules at the Hartree–Fock level of theory. It is demonstrated that London orbitals lead to much improved basis-set convergence, and that the use of small, conventional basis sets may lead to the wrong sign for the calculated birefringence. For large basis sets, London orbitals and conventional basis sets converge to the same results. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3909 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (843.4Kb) -
Åsen, Dina Maria (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 14-Nov-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Oppgaven tar for seg gehørarbeid med tonedøve i sangundervisningen. Problemstillingen for oppgaven er: ”På hvilke måter kan bruk av hørelære i sangundervisningen bidra til å utvikle tonedøve personers gehør?” Utforskningsmetodene som brukes er kvalitative. Gjennom selv å undervise de tonedøve elevene tar jeg i bruk deltagende observasjon. For å kartlegge elevenes utgangspunkt, utvikling og egne opplevelser av undervisningen, brukes kvalitative undervisningssamtaler. Oppgaven munner ut i et undervisningsopplegg som knytter hørelærefaget og sangfaget sammen i arbeidet med tonedøvhet. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4767 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.271Mb) -
Gravem, Hilde (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 16-Jun-2006)[+][-]
Abstract: Gemcitabine, an anticancer agent, is currently in clinical use for the treatment of several types of cancer. Unfortunately, gemcitabine is rapidly metabolised with a short plasma half-life and its cytostatic action is strongly exposure-time dependent. In order to achieve the required concentration over sufficient periods of time, repeated application of relatively high doses is required. This, in turn, leads to dose-limiting systemic toxicity. In order to improve both the efficiency and the toxicity profile of gemcitabine the use of liposomes appears promising. In literature, only a few attempts to entrap gemcitabine within liposomes are found, however none of these liposomal formulations has reached clinical practice. In this study, an ammonium sulphate gradient was tried for active loading of gemcitabine into liposomes. Firstly, unsaturated egg phosphatidyl choline liposome dispersion was prepared with ammonium sulphate as hydration medium by the hand shaken method followed by filter extrusions with decreasing filter sizes down to 0.1 µm. Then, a transmembrane ammonium sulphate gradient was generated by removing extra-liposomal ammonium sulphate by size exclusion chromatography. Quantitative determination of the ammonium sulphate concentration, both outside and inside the liposomes, via electric conductivity measurement revealed that a gradient of external to internal ammonium sulphate of about 1:58 was achieved. Secondly, the liposomes were loaded with gemcitabine by incubation at different conditions. Among the loading conditions tested, a total loading time of 24 hours including heating for 2 hours at 60 ˚C seemed advantageous in achieving efficient loading. A higher starting concentration of gemcitabine resulted in enhanced loading efficiency, calculated on a molar basis. Comparing these results to a VPG passive loading technique, the active loading technique resulted in a gemcitabine:lipid ratio of about 1:20 versus 1:140 for the vesicular phospholipid gel loaded liposomes. Unfortunately, the actively loaded liposomes revealed poor storage stability with 80 % leakage after 24 hours. Further studies are needed in order to optimise loading and stability of the liposomes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/22 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (714.0Kb) -
Lomsdalen, Christian (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The object of this thesis will consider the importance of gender in the “National Popular Resistance Front” of Honduras (Frente Nacional de Resistencia Popular), and if gender is significant in this movement and in its choice of actions and choice not to arm themselves with firearms. The scope of this thesis is limited to a number of the member organizations and participation in actions and demonstrations to answer these questions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4349 File(s) in this item: 2
1_thesis.pdf (79.54Kb)thesis.pdf (16.31Mb) -
Nesset, Tore (Journal article, 2003)[+][-]
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Svensson, Eva-Maria; Gunnarsson, Åsa (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Sweden represents utopia for many women’s activists around the world. The article tries to explain the policies that created the vision of a women-friendly welfare state. Global gender gap indexes have placed Sweden in the top five for many years. The success is measured in a high level of labour market participation and education, instituted policies for the reconciliation of work and family life and women’s bodily and physical integrity. Even though many feminists do not wish to see any dark stains on the glorified picture of Sweden as a gender equal society, a critical examination of remaining gender-biased practices such as the uneven distribution of economic and political power and the gendered segregation of the labour market is also be presented. Another critical aspect is the exclusionary effects of the Swedish gender equality policies. Despite its critical stance the article defends a large part of the strong and comprehensive structural base for achieving gender equality that has become a role-model for many feminists. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5042 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (517.3Kb) -
Msigwa Chando, Catherine (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 31-May-2002)[+][-]
Abstract: Women play crucial roles in fisheries, particularly on the post harvest level. Despite this, they are noticeably absent from the discussion of many development programmes in fisheries. The focus is mainly on the needs and interests of men, neglecting women. Women are hardly involved in the planning and decision making or in the implementation and management of the projects. Therefore this study examined the importance of involving both women and men equally during planning of the fishery projects. The study tried to relate to different theories on women in development (WID), gender and development (GAD) and women, environment and alternative development (WED). A total of 88 persons in connection with Mbegani Fisheries Development Centre (Mbegani FDC), Mafia Island Marine Park (MIMP) and with people in villages where these institutions have been involved: Mlingotini and Bagamoyo nearby Mbegani FDC and Juani and Jibondo at Mafia. The findings show that the involvement of women and men in the planning of the projects varied. At Mbegani FDC a female orientation has been weak and womens participation in planning have been lacking from the very beginning and until to day. The same can be said about the projects in Bagamoyo and Mlingotini although the projects were aimed at women and sometimes both at men and women. However, women have participated in the implementation processes. In the projects related to MIMP, women have been integrated in the planning process from the very beginning and at all levels as a result of planned actions. Women are members in steering committees and leaders of their groups. There is a special gender officer in the MIMP structure as well as in the villages. Women have also been well trained. In this way their income generating projects are successful and reflect the sustainability of the resources. Some of the women have also involved themselves in other kind of development activities. I have therefore concluded that awareness of womens needs and participation of women and men in the planning process seem crucial for the success of the fisheries projects. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/317 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (657.7Kb) -
Demagny, Lise; Holtedahl, Knut A.; Thorsen, Tommy A Garden; Bachimont, Janine; Letourmy, Alain; Bungener, Martine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)[+][-]
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Hrafnbjargarson, Gunnar Hrafn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2007)[+][-]
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Oyama, S; Brekke, Asgeir; Watkins, B. J.; Maeda, S.; Shinagawa, H.; Nozawa, S.; Ogawa, Y.; Lathuillere, C.; Kofman, W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 11-Jun-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Lower-thermospheric winds at high latitudes during moderately-disturbed geomagnetic conditions were studied using data obtained with the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) Kiruna-Sodankylä-Tromsø (KST) ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radar system on 9–10 September 2004. The antenna-beam configuration was newly designed to minimize the estimated measurement error of the vertical neutralwind speed in the lower thermosphere. This method was also available to estimate the meridional and zonal components. The vertical neutral-wind speed at 109 km, 114 km, and 120 km heights showed large upward motions in excess of 30ms−1 in association with an ionospheric heating event. Large downward speeds in excess of −30ms−1 were also observed before and after the heating event. The meridional neutral-wind speed suddenly changed its direction from equatorward to poleward when the heating event began, and then returned equatorward coinciding with a decrease in the heating event. The magnetometer data from northern Scandinavia suggested that the center of the heated region was located about 80 km equatorward of Tromsø. The pressure gradient caused the lower-thermospheric wind to accelerate obliquely upward over Tromsø in the poleward direction. Acceleration of the neutral wind flowing on a vertically tilted isobar produced vertical wind speeds larger by more than two orders of magnitude than previously predicted, but still an order of magnitude smaller than observed speeds. Description: This is the publishers version/PDF (Published in Annales Geophysicae, An Open Access Journal of the European Geosciences Union) URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2383 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (2.843Mb) -
Myhr, Anne Ingeborg; Traavik, Terje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)[+][-]
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Asante, Daniel Kwaku Addo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008)[+][-]
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Kekäläinen, Jukka; Rudolfsen, Geir; Figenschou, Lars; Janhunen, Matti; Peuhkuri, Nina; Tamper, Nina; Kortet, Raine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010)[+][-]
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Peruzzi, Stefano; Westgaard, Jon-Ivar; Chatain, B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2007)[+][-]
Abstract: Although the aetiology of swimbladder inflation anomalies in important aquaculture species such as European sea bass D. labrax is not fully determined, culture conditions are commonly suggested as main contributory factors. Little information is available on whether swimbladder inflation has a genetic basis for its expression too. In this work, 24 full-sibling sea bass families from a 4 dams x 6 sires factorial crossing were reared under communal conditions. The larvae developing normal and abnormal (uninflated or hyperinflated) swimbladders were genotyped at four microsatellite loci, Labrax-3, Labrax-13, Labrax-17, Labrax- 29, and allocated to the individual breeders. Out of 273 offspring, 97% could be assigned to a single parental pair. The genotype and pedigree analysis showed an imbalance in family size due to differential survival of larvae with normally-inflated swimbladders, with the offspring generated from one dam and one sire being two- to three-fold superior to the other parents, respectively. In larvae with non-inflated swimbladder, significant differences in family size were observed only among half-sibling sire families, whereas in larvae with hyper-inflated swimbladder such differences were found both among half-sibling sire and dam families. The results suggest that paternally and maternally inherited factors may contribute to the expression of swimbladder anomalies in sea bass along with major environmental clues. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5087 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (424.3Kb)
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