http://hdl.handle.net/10037/592 2017-07-10T01:20:58Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/11179 Anker-Nilssen, Tycho; Barrett, Robert T; Bustnes, Jan Ove; Erikstad, Kjell E; Fauchald, Per; Lorentsen, Svein Håkon; Steen, Harald; Strøm, Hallvard; Systad, Geir Helge Rødli; Tveraa, Torkild<br /> This is the first annual report from SEAPOP, a long-term seabird programme aiming to provide and maintain base-line knowledge needed for an improved management of marine areas. For several reasons, the activities in the initial year were restricted to the Lofoten and Barents Sea area, but the programme is designed for implementation on the full national scale within a few years. The report presents briefly some important results from the investigations made in 2005 and some leading principles for how data and knowledge will be organised and served to different users online via a SEAPOP web site. The monitoring of population trends, reproduction, adult survival rates and diet of selected seabirds species on the previously established key-sites Røst, Hjelmsøya, Hornøya and Bjørnøya was extended and further adjusted to meet the general design of the programme. In addition, two new key-sites were established, one on Anda in Vesterålen and the other on western Spitsbergen. The latter was divided among several localities because there is no suitable single site in the area that holds a sufficient variety of breeding species. For each keysite, the report presents a table listing the main results from the monitoring in 2005. On the basis of time series that date back many years, a number of interesting trends for different species and parameters were uncovered, both within and between the colonies. Some selected topics are treated in more detail in separate text boxes, which also present a few technological advances and statistical challenges for monitoring design. The work in 2005 represented a new initiative for the mapping of seabirds in Norway’s northernmost areas, and included an updating survey of breeding seabirds in the Isfjorden area on Spitsbergen and along the entire coastline of Troms and Finnmark counties east to Laksefjorden. Studies of seabirds at sea were continued through participation on several ecosystem surveys led by the Institute of Marine Research. The data analyses were aimed at developing further the modelling of seabird distribution at sea from oceanographic features and to explore the degree of co-variation in distribution for different species. Lofoten Islands, Barents Sea, seabirds, mapping, monitoring, Lofoten, Barentshavet, sjøfugl, kartlegging, overvåking<br /> 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/11177 Anker-Nilssen, Tycho; Barrett, Robert T; Bustnes, J.O.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe; Erikstad, K.E.; Fauchald, Per; Lorentsen, Svein-Håkon; Steen, Harald; Strøm, H.; Systad, Geir Helge; Tveraa, Torkild<br /> This is the third annual report of the SEAPOP programme, which was initiated in 2005. In 2007, the work continued at full scale in the Lofoten-Barents Sea area, and similar studies were initiated in the southern part of the Norwegian Sea. The report is divided into three sections. The first is an executive summary, the second presents five selected highlights from the studies in 2007, whereas the third presents results from other projects within the programme. The programme is wide-ranging and with at least 17 project activities running in parallel, there is no room for details of the results in this short abstract. The main effort is however being put into mapping and monitoring. The most demanding activity is to build-up the long-term data series for the numerical development, reproduction, survival and diet of an ecological and geographical selection of breeding populations. This is made at a series of key-sites, no numbering nine locations after the inclusion of two new sites in central Norway (Sklinna and Runde) in 2007. Comparative analyses of these data series, across species and sites and against various environmental factors, are essential for explaining any documented changes and to predict future population trends. SEAPOP also aims to take advantage of advances in technology and develop more efficient methods of data collection, and uses high-tech data sampling techniques to document migration patterns and habitat use in species of special conservation concern. Seabirds are mapped both along the coast and at sea. To balance resource use against minimum requirements for validity of data, coastal areas are covered such that each area is mapped once every ten years in each season (breeding, moulting/autumn, winter and spring). The distribution and abundance of seabirds at sea in the various seasons are modelled from documented associations between oceanographic factors and the distribution of different seabird species and their prey. These associations are derived from data collected in a multi-disciplinary cooperation on ecosystem surveys run by the Institute of Marine Research, Bergen. The programme's web site (www.seapop.no) was launched at the first programme seminar, held in October 2007. The pages are under constant revision, and advanced computer technology is put to use to communicate the results to various users.<br /> 2008-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/11176 Erikstad, K.E.; Reiertsen, T.K.; Anker-Nilssen, Tycho; Barrett, Robert T; Lorentsen, Svein-Håkon; Strøm, H.; Systad, G.H.<br /> Hekkebestandene av lomvi (Uria aalge) langs norskekysten har hatt en sterk nedgang i løpet av de siste 45 årene. Den norske fastlandsbestanden utgjør i dag ikke mer enn ca 15 000 par, mens den til sammenligning ble beregnet til 120-160 000 par i begynnelsen av 1960-årene. Den største bestanden i norske områder finnes i dag på Bjørnøya hvor det hekker ca 100 000 par, men også her er bestanden betydelig mindre enn i midten av 1980-årene. Årsaken til denne bestandsnedgangen er kompleks, og skyldes mest sannsynlig en kombinasjon av klima og effekter på viktige byttedyr, overfiske av enkelte viktige fiskebestander som lodde og sild, samt drukning i fiskegarn. En kan heller ikke utelukke at lomvi har vært utsatt for oljeskader i vinterområdene selv om det ikke er klare bevis for det Målsetningen med denne undersøkelsen har ikke vært å forklare årsaker til tilbakegangen, men å gi kvantitative prognoser for den videre utviklingen til norske lomvikolonier, gitt at miljøforholdene og andre påvirkningsfaktorer blir de samme i framtida som de var i årene 1988-2004, da vi overvåket alle de utvalgte koloniene parallelt. Vi har også hatt fokus på sårbarhet til enkeltkolonier og beregnet konsekvenser av et eventuelt oljesøl hvor bestandene kan bli ytterligere redusert. Som verktøy for analysene har vi benyttet levedyktighetsanalyser (”Population viability analyses”, PVA) som estimerer sannsynligheten for at en bestand skal kunne overleve i framtida, og også klassifisert levedyktigheten til enkeltbestander ved å beregne hvor mange år det tar før de eventuelt dør ut. Vi har brukt enkle, tellingsbaserte modeller, som har som input gjennomsnittlig årlig vekstrate og variansen i gjennomsnittlige vekstrater, samt dagens bestandsstørrelse. Analysene er gjort for seks bestander (kolonier): Bjørnøya, Hornøya, Hjelmsøya, Vedøy, Sklinna og Runde. Tre av dem har hatt en entydig negativ bestandsutvikling (Hjelmsøya, Vedøy og Runde). Prognoser for levedyktigheten til disse bestandene er dårlig. Lavest levedyktighet har bestanden på Vedøy som har en 50 % sannsynlighet for å dø ut i løpet av bare 16 år fram i tid. For Hjelmsøya og Runde tar det henholdsvis 65 og 56 år før bestanden når en tilsvarende sannsynlighet. Beregnet antall år til utdøing for disse tre bestandene er henholdsvis 70, 124 og 109 år. Sensitivitetsanalyser viser at disse estimatene for utdøing er lite påvirket av variansen i vekstrate, som er det mest usikre estimatet. En reduksjon i bestandstørrelsen vil imidlertid ha store konsekvenser for levedyktigheten. Spesielt vil bestanden på Vedøy være ille ute hvis bestanden reduseres ytterligere p.g.a. et oljesøl. Kolonien på Sklinna er atypisk i forhold til de andre koloniene. Den har en sterk positiv bestandsutvikling, men variasjonen i vekstrate fra år til år er svært høy. Bestanden vil nå 30 % sannsynlighet for å dø ut først etter 44 år. Koloniene på Bjørnøya og Hornøya har begge en positiv vekstrate, og de har så store bestander og liten variasjon i vekstrate at sårbarheten til disse bestandene er svært lav. Selv med en halvering av bestandene er det mindre enn 0.001 % sannsynlighet for at de skal dø ut i løpet av 30 år, og estimert tid til utdøing er mer enn 1000 år. sjøfugl, lomvi, kolonier, sårbarhet, Norskehavet, Barentshavet, seabirds, common guillemot, colonies, population viability, The Norwegian Sea, The Barents Sea<br /> 2007-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/11174 Anker-Nilssen, Tycho; Barrett, Robert T; Bustnes, Jan Ove; Erikstad, Kjell Einar; Fauchald, Per; Lorentsen, Svein-Håkon; Steen, Harald; Strøm, Hallvard; Systad, Geir Helge; Tveraa, T<br /> This is the second annual report of the SEAPOP programme, which was initiated in 2005. In 2006, the programme was extended to the near full scale in the Lofoten-Barents Sea area, but it is aimed for implementation at the national level within few years. The report is divided into three sections. The first is an executive summary, the second presents five selected highlights from the studies in 2006, whereas the third presents results from other projects within the programme. The programme is wide-ranging, and with about 20 activities running in parallel, there is no room for emphasising details of the results in this short abstract. The main effort is however being put into mapping and monitoring. The most demanding activity is to build-up the long-term data series for the numerical development, reproduction, survival and diet of an ecological and geographical selection of breeding populations. These data series are compared and analysed in relation to various environmental factors in an attempt to find the cause of the documented changes and to predict future population trends. This work is made at a series of key-sites spread from north to south: Spitsbergen, Bjørnøya, Hornøya, Hjelmsøya, Grindøya, Anda and Røst. More keysites will be established further south when the programme is extended to the national scale. Seabirds are mapped both along the coast and at sea. To balance resource use against minimum requirements for validity of data, coastal areas are covered such that each area is mapped once every ten years in each season (breeding, moulting/autumn, winter and spring periods). A habitat model predicting the distribution of coastal seabirds has also been developed. For seabirds at sea, the focus is put on modelling distributions in different seasons from documented associations between seabird occurrences, oceanographic factors and distributions of prey. These associations are derived from data collected in a multi-disciplinary cooperation within the ecosystem surveys of the Institute of Marine Research. SEAPOP aims to use recent advances in technology to develop more efficient methods of data collection. The programme is also developing its own web site (www.seapop.no) where advanced computer technology is put to use to communicate the results to various users. Lofoten Islands, Barents Sea, seabirds, mapping, monitoring Lofoten, Barentshavet, sjøfugl, kartlegging, overvåking<br /> 2007-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/11110 Oppvang, Janne; Kjellman, Erik; Niemi, Anja Roth; Lind, Keth Elisabeth<br /> I løpet av 5 uker i august-september 2015 ble det undersøkt en registrert gammetuft, id.158949 og en åpen steinalderboplass,id.158956 på Gamnes i Sør-Varanger. Gammetufta viste seg å være et ishus/laksegamme fra nyere tid. Steinalderboplassen er en åpen sadellokalitet med aktivitetsområder og materiale som knyttes til første del av eldre steinalder. Dateringer fra lokaliteten vitner om en bruk også i yngre steinalder.<br /> 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/11109 Nyyssönen, Jukka; Keskitalo, Pigga Päivi Kristiina; Linkola, Inker-Anni; Paksuniemi, Merja; Turunen, Tuija; McIntosh, Leonie<br /> Source at <a href=http://www.ennenjanyt.net/2016/09/saamelaisten-ja-australian-alkuperaiskansojen-kouluhistorian-erityispiirteet/> http://www.ennenjanyt.net/2016/09/saamelaisten-ja-australian-alkuperaiskansojen-kouluhistorian-erityispiirteet/ </a><br /> 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/11015 Fauchald, Per; Barrett, Robert; Bustnes, Jan Ove; Erikstad, Kjell E; Nøttestad, Leif; Skern-Mauritzen, Mette; Vikebø, Frode Bendiksen<br /> Denne synteserapporten beskriver hvordan endringene og fluktuasjonene i økosystemene i norske havområder påvirker næringsforholdene for sjøfugl. Disse endringene har konsekvenser for sjøfuglsamfunnene langs kysten, og tilstanden for mange bestander har blitt betegnet som kritisk. Selv om mange bestander går tilbake, er bildet langt fra entydig, og vi finner ingen enkle sammenhenger mellom tilstanden i de marine økosystemene, og endringene som observeres i sjøfuglkoloniene. Årsakssammenhengene ser ut til å være komplekse, og i mange tilfeller knyttet til indirekte trofiske interaksjoner. De viktigste endringene i de marine økosystemene som har betydning for sjøfuglenes næringssituasjon er: Klimaendringer, endringer i fiskeriene, fluktuasjoner i de pelagiske fiskebestandene og endringer i tareskogsystemene.<br /> 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/10906 Baglo, Cathrine<br /> Sameleiren i Tromsdalen var lenge det mest besøkte turistmålet i Tromsø. Betydningen Tromsdalen og andre sameleire fikk som fotomotiv og møteplass i siste del av 1800-tallet, og hvordan dette skulle bidra til å bygge opp om interessen for reindriftssamenes levesett, er mindre kjent. Et resultat av den økte interessen var at sameleire ble gjenskapt i kommersiell og folkeopplysende øyemed, både nasjonalt og internasjonalt.<br /> Source: Ottar 2015, 3(306):25-30, ISSN 0030-6703<br /> 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/10863 Aarekol, Lena<br /> Trophy hunting in the Arctic happened in an intersection between tourism, expeditions and hunting. This study contributes to a discrete history of masculinity within the context of trophy hunting organized from North Norway and to a broader understanding of Arctic masculinity in general. As trophy hunting expeditions are primarily a male, even masculinist, tourist practice, an analysis from a gender perspective is unavoidable. By taking an empirical approach I investigate different performances of masculinity in written accounts of Arctic trophy-hunting expeditions from the period 1827–1914. The use of masculinity as a pivot demonstrates that a modification of the prevailing perception of Arctic masculinity is necessary. While the general understanding is dominated by an emphasis on physical strength, roughness, ingenuity, restless energy and strong will to self-realization, qualities connected to the traditional values and knowledge of trappers, sailors and explorers, my analysis shows that trophy hunting introduced aristocratic ideals such as gentlemen’s sport, self- discipline, hunting morals, care for nature and distribution of knowledge to their home communities. Trophy hunting in the Arctic made possible performances of different forms of masculinity, not only the conquest and mastery of nature, but also the interest in and care for nature. Women also accompanied as family members and hunters, and women took part in the hunt more often than has been commonly noted.<br /> Manuscript version. Published version available at <a href=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2016.1238173> http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2016.1238173 </a><br /> 2016-10-12T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10037/10853 Barrett, Robert T<br /> Arctic Terns Sterna paradisaea have a record-long migration between their breeding grounds in the Arctic and wintering areas in the Antarctic. Nevertheless, return dtaes to north Norway were remarkably constant over a 35-y period (1981-2015), arriving in Troms within a 13-d time window in mid to late May. Since 1993, arrival dates have advanced by about four days. No relationships were found between arrival dates and large-scale weather proxies such as the North Atlantic Oscillation or sea temperatures, but when terns were approaching Troms, headwinds tended to delay arrivals whereas tailwinds advanced them.<br /> This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in "Ringing and Migration". Published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03078698.2016.1190610.<br /> 2016-07-13T00:00:00Z