Artikler, rapporter og annet (Norges fiskerihøgskole)

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Artikler, rapporter og annet (Norges fiskerihøgskole)

The collection contains 50 document(s)

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• Fra nasking til næring - samarbeid om lokal utvikling

  Johnsen, Jahn Petter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2012)

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  Abstract:	Naturreservatet i St. Abbs og Eyemouth er en ressurs for lokal næringsutvikling i Skottland. Grunnlaget er et lokalt samarbeid mellom fiskere, dykkere, verneinteresser og myndigheter. Kan vi i Nord-Norge lære noe av disse erfaringene?
  URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5131

  File(s) in this item: 1

  article.pdf   (830.7Kb)
• Understanding the Size Selectivity of Redfish (Sebastes spp.) in North Atlantic Trawl Codends

  Herrmann, Bent; Sistiaga, Manu Berrondo; Nielsen, Kåre Nolde; Larsen, Roger B. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)

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  Abstract:

  The majority of trawl selectivity studies for the three redfish species of particular commercial importance in North Atlantic fisheries: Sebastes marinus, Sebastes mentella and Sebastes fasciatus, are based on data collected from diamond mesh codends with mesh sizes ranging from 88 mm to 147 mm. We demonstrate how results from these studies can be understood by morphological characteristics of the species. We predict codend size selection based on morphological data collected from golden redfish (S. marinus) individuals. Further, consistent with previously reported morphological similarities between the three redfish species, we show the predictions for S. marinus may successfully be extrapolated to understand experimental codend size selectivity results reported for S. mentella and S. fasciatus. In addition to the comparison with previously reported data, we present new experimental results for a codend applied in Northeast Atlantic redfish trawl fishery.

  URI:

  http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5030

  File(s) in this item: 1

  article.pdf   (1.215Mb)
• Total Catch of a Red-Listed Marine Species Is an Order of Magnitude Higher than Official Data

  Kleiven, Alf Ring; Olsen, Esben Moland; Vølstad, Jon Helge (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)

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  Abstract:

  Accurate information on total catch and effort is essential for successful fisheries management. Officially reported landings, however, may be underestimates of total catch in many fisheries. We investigated the fishery for the nationally red-listed European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in south-eastern Norway. Probability-based strip transect surveys were used to count buoys in the study area in combination with catch per unit effort data obtained independently from volunteer catch diaries, phone interviews, and questionnaires. We estimate that recreational catch accounts for 65% of total catch in the study area. Moreover, our results indicate that only a small proportion (24%) of lobsters landed commercially were sold through the legal market and documented. Total estimated lobster catch was nearly 14 times higher than reported officially. Our study highlights the need for adequate catch monitoring and data collection efforts in coastal areas, presents a clear warning to resource managers that illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fisheries in coastal areas should not be ignored, and shows the potential impact of recreational fisheries.

  URI:

  http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4937

  File(s) in this item: 1

  article.pdf   (232.5Kb)
• Anti-infectious and anti-inflammatory effects of peptide fragments sequentially derived from the antimicrobial peptide centrocin 1 isolated from the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis

  Bjørn, Camilla; Håkansson, Joakim; Myhrman, Emma; Sjøstrand, Veronika; Haug, Tor; Lindgren, Kerstin; Blencke, Hans-Matti; Stensvåg, Klara; Mahlapuu, Margit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)

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  Abstract:

  Bacterial resistance against antibiotic treatment has become a major threat to public health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising alternative agents for treatment of infectious diseases. This study characterizes novel synthetic peptides sequentially derived from the AMP centrocin 1, isolated from the green sea urchin, for their applicability as anti-infective agents.The microbicidal effect of centrocin 1 heavy chain (CEN1 HC-Br), its debrominated analogue (CEN1 HC), the C-terminal truncated variants of both peptides, i.e. CEN1 HC-Br (1--20) and CEN1 HC (1--20), as well as the cysteine to serine substituted equivalent CEN1 HC (Ser) was evaluated using minimal microbicidal concentration assay. The anti-inflammatory properties were assessed by measuring the inhibition of secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. All the peptides tested exhibited marked microbicidal and anti-inflammatory properties. No difference in efficacy was seen comparing CEN1 HC-Br and CEN1 HC, while the brominated variant had higher cytotoxicity. C-terminal truncation of both peptides reduced salt-tolerability of the microbicidal effect as well as anti-inflammatory actions. Also, serine substitution of cysteine residue decreased the microbicidal effect. Thus, from the peptide variants tested, CEN1 HC showed the best efficacy and safety profile. Further, CEN1 HC significantly reduced bacterial counts in two different animal models of infected wounds, while Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) failed to develop resistance against this peptide under continued selection pressure. In summary, CEN1 HC appears a promising new antimicrobial agent, and clinical studies are warranted to evaluate the applicability of this AMP for local treatment of infections in man.

  URI:

  http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4932

  File(s) in this item: 1

  article.pdf   (482.1Kb)
• Structure-activity relationships of the antimicrobial peptide arasin 1 - and mode of action studies of the N terminal, proline-rich region

  Paulsen, Victoria; Blencke, Hans-Matti; Benincasa, Monica; Haug, Tor; Eksteen, Jacobus Johannes; Styrvold, Olaf B.; Scocchi, Marco; Stensvåg, Klara (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)

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  Abstract:

  Arasin 1 is a 37 amino acid long proline-rich antimicrobial peptide isolated from the spider crab, Hyas araneus. In this work the active region of arasin 1 was identified through structure-activity studies using different peptide fragments derived from the arasin 1 sequence. The pharmacophore was found to be located in the proline/arginine-rich NH2 terminus of the peptide and the fragment arasin 1(1–23) was almost equally active to the full length peptide. Arasin 1 and its active fragment arasin 1(1–23) were shown to be non-toxic to human red blood cells and arasin 1(1–23) was able to bind chitin, a component of fungal cell walls and the crustacean shell. The mode of action of the fully active N-terminal arasin 1(1–23) was explored through killing kinetic and membrane permeabilization studies. At the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), arasin 1(1–23) was not bactericidal and had no membrane disruptive effect. In contrast, at concentrations of 5×MIC and above it was bactericidal and interfered with membrane integrity. We conclude that arasin 1(1–23) has a different mode of action than lytic peptides, like cecropin P1. Thus, we suggest a dual mode of action for arasin 1(1–23) involving membrane disruption at peptide concentrations above MIC, and an alternative mechanism of action, possibly involving intracellular targets, at MIC.

  URI:

  http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4925

  File(s) in this item: 1

  article.pdf   (840.3Kb)

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