Master's theses in indigenous studies
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Master's theses in indigenous studies
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Aambø, Kristian Osnes (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Feb-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The thesis is a case study about the Goliat oil development off the coast of Finnmark, in the North of Norway. The Arctic is opening up for oil and gas development, however, demands from the public and from international actors that the oil companies operate in a sustainable and responsible manner have led the oil companies to use principles of corporate social responsibility in their operations. These CSR initiatives opens up for the local actors to have influence over the development process. In this case study, the oil company, Eni Norge has started dialogues with the local municipalities and the Sami Parliament. The thesis investigates and compares these dialogues to find differences in how these local actors related to the development process. For the Sami Parliament—which through ILO Convention 169 and their status as an indigenous peoples have a right to be consulted in oil and gas development by the Norwegian State—the dialogue with Eni Norge opens another possibility to influence the process. The new possibilities for dialogue may become another alternative for influencing the development process or a complimentary processes to the consultations the Sami Parliament have with the state. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4064 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.161Mb) -
Kandel, Tilak Prasad (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-Nov-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis entitled “Tourism and its Impact on Traditional Culture: A case study of Sirubari village, Nepal” intended to focus on the village tourism being practiced by the Gurung people in the Sirubari village of Syangja district. Gurung peoples are one of the indigenous populations mostly residing in the hill area since the historic times. For this study, the locality Sirubari village as chosen which is inhabited mainly by the Gurung peoples and Sirubari is regarded as the model village for the introduction and the promotion of village tourism. This is newly introduced practice and one of the immense areas of entire tourism in Nepal. Rural tourism as a phenomenon is concerned with river, sun, environment, rural society and household. It represents conservation, life style, experience, adventure and above all benefit to the local people. The main objective of rural tourism includes tourists to plan a trip, immerse into the local community along with minimizing the eco-cultural impact. When an organized group of tourists reached Sirubari , the villagers descend down the village and welcome tourist with garlands, tika, and traditional Gurung musical bands. While music and dances are performed and traditional farewell songs are also sung when guests depart. The Village Tourism Committee distributes the guest into the different households having the facility of home stay. Guests are presented to different cultural programs such as Dohari song, Gantu dance and Krishna Charita dance in the premise of community Hall. Besides that hiking, fishing in the local river and observing the local people daily life are other fascinating aspect of the stay. This study has been conducted to assess the impact of village tourism on local culture; for which changes that have occurred or occurring these days have also observed closely. Tourism is a global phenomenon. So, impacts of globalization are crucial factors for leading changes to such rites and rituals. It guides the society into the new dimension. On the other hand cultural revitalization is also directly connected to the globalization. When the culture is increasingly homogenous then indigenous culture are more important to provide differentiations and authenticity. In this sense, even village tourism as modern institution it plays vital role to promote and restore the root culture. So, basically this study aims to identify the impacts of globalization on the Gurung cultures and the role of village tourism to revitalize the traditional culture as a whole. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4062 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (4.779Mb) -
Pyzhova, Anna (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Oct-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: The thesis focuses on the identity of an unrecognized, small-numbered people in the northwestern part of Russia– the Pomor people (or Pomory). The thesis will examine the history of this group and how they came to be ‘fragmented’ from the main identity-forming process of the central Russian nation from the ninth to the 21st centuries. Using fieldwork materials, the thesis will present which identity markers are presented by Pomor activists today to support their claim for recognition. It will also analyze the main aspects of Russian national policies towards minority and indigenous groups. The thesis will examine why people in post-Soviet Russia are searching for a different type of identity structure that goes beyond citizenship. And how and why a fragmentation of identity occurs. The thesis further reflects on the difficulties and advantages of analyzing one’s own culture. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3688 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.382Mb) -
Islam, Md. Rakibul (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 31-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Maternal health of indigenous people is poorer than the non-indigenous people across the world which is also true in the Bangladesh context. However, little research has been done among indigenous people in Bangladesh. As a result, the present study was conducted among the Mru indigenous people to comprehend their maternal health status and the factors associated with it. The study was carried out in three upazilas (administrative sub-districts) namely Alikadam, Lama and Thanchi of the Bandarban district and a part of CHT, the south-eastern part of Bangladesh where most of the Mru people live. In this research, a mixed method approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods, was employed. A total of 374 currently married women having at least one child aged less than five years old or women having at least one delivery experience were interviewed purposively from three upazilas. On the other hand, a total of 26 in-depth interviews were conducted among people from different stratas of the Mru community from those three upazilas. Finally, the collected data was presented using uni-variate, bi-variate and multivariate analyses. The study showed that maternal health was poor among the Mru women and less than one-third of the Mru women had access to health care services which might be one of the key reasons for their poor health. Their access to maternal health care services was beyond geographical, linguistic, cultural and economic reach. By and large, the major problems and complications Mru women faced during their pregnancy, delivery and after delivery were headache, blurry vision, high blood pressure, cough or fever, excess vomiting tendency, morning sickness, excessive hemorrhage, obstructed labour, prolonged labour, eclampsia, premature rupture of membrane, anemia, post-partum hemorrhage, perineal tears and swelling of the legs and body. The study also revealed that one out of every nine women visited for antenatal care while only one out of sixteen women visited for postnatal care in the Mru society. More than half of the respondents reported that they did not receive any antenatal or postnatal care due to the long distance to the service center as well as lack of transportation facilities. The study also demonstrated that delivery care and current use of contraception were also low among the Mru mothers as compared to xiii Bengali mothers. Almost all deliveries were home-based deliveries assisted by traditional midwives. About forty per cent of the respondents have heard of family planning methods and only one-fourth of them were current users of contraceptives. The factors associated with low antenatal and postnatal cares and contraception use were age, mothers’ education and occupation, husbands’ education and occupation, religion, place of residence, place of service provided in the locality, distance of the service centers and exposure to mass media of radio, television and newspaper. Maternal mortality also seemed to be higher in the community due to the delivery practices done by the traditional midwives. Traditional beliefs and practices after delivery were also responsible for their high deaths rate. This high maternal morbidity and mortality rate in the Mru society was interwoven with multiple factors that could be classified into three major aspects. First, socio- economic and cultural factors were functioning through their effect on the Mru mothers. Secondly, spatial factors which include geographic settings and proximity and road infrastructure was one of the significant constraints to access to health care services resulting in poor health. Finally, clinical factors that consist of every aspect of obstetric knowledge and education of both women and midwives and availability of care were totally absent in the society. This maternal morbidity and mortality was somewhat consistent with the historic experiences of western countries in seventeenth and eighteenth century. The present study is concluded with urgent requests for implementation of special health care strategies. For instance, the development of obstetric care and maternal health programs, replacement of existing traditional midwives by well-trained midwives, community-based collaborative strategy and most importantly to train the young Mru girls as midwives, particularly those that are bilingual and educated. Along with this significant strategy, socioeconomic development, Mru language- based maternal health education and family planning programs with a special emphasis on awareness through mass media may have a significant influence on maternal health status of the Mru community. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3538 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (12.92Mb) -
Qoricho, Yonas Tafesse (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis dealt with the land rights of women in rural areas of Wolaita Zone, southwestern Ethiopia by taking the case of rural women in Soddo Zuria District. Three questions were thus posed: How do the current modern rural land law and the Wolaita traditional/customary law ascertain the land rights of rural women in SZD? What kind of land rights do rural women enjoy in practice in SZD? What challenges are faced while implementing the land rights of rural women in the district? In order to answer these questions, data was collected from oral and written sources. The qualitative data analysis informs that the Wolaita traditional/customary law has allowed land access to rural women only through marriage until 2005. After the adoption of the 2007 Rural Land Administration and Use Proclamation by the SNNPR (based on the 1995 FDRE’s Constitution and FRLAUP 2005), the land use rights of women is legally acknowledged in SZD. In practice, married women in monogamous and polygamous marriages are awarded joint landholding certificates together with their husbands. Moreover, women household heads are given landholding certificates independently. However, the participation of women’s organizations in the land registration and certification program and their representation in LACs is completely lacking in SZD. In order to improve the legally recognized women’s rights and their property rights (including land), the thesis recommends that women and men as well as traditional leaders need to be thoroughly exposed to the legal documents through consciousness-raising campaigns. Women also need to get free legal services from state institutions. In addition, the regional government needs to commit itself to promote and institutionalize women’s rights through awareness-raising and sensitization of the judiciary, district courts, district land administration experts, village administration heads, and LACs. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3481 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (4.749Mb)
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