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Browsing Mastergradsoppgaver i odontologi by Issue Date
Now showing items 1-20 of 34
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Krutå, John Arne (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: ABSTRACT: Introduction: Some bleaching modalities include an activation process with the utilization of heat or light to enhance the effect of bleaching gel. Aim: To compare the effect of treatment and the contentment among patients having received bleaching therapy with two different approaches. Methods and Materials: Six men and six women ranging from 22 to 61 years of age were included and divided into two groups. Opalescence 10% carbamide peroxide-gel was administrated in individual bleaching trays in Group I for two hours a day for fourteen days and in Group II for two hours a day for fourteen days and 2x1 hour in-office tooth whitening sessions. In Group II, the same bleaching agent and tray was used plus a light activation with an LED-lamp for forty seconds per tooth being treated. Results: Eleven patients completed the study. Group I had an average colour change of –5,36 steps on a modified VITA-scale and Group II –4,30. The patients in Group II seemed to be more satisfied with the treatment outcome compared to the subjects in Group I. Conclusion: Only speculations regarding the outcome of the study can be made. However, it appears as if patients receiving a more advanced bleaching therapy including the use of light become more satisfied with the end result compared to patients receiving at-home based whitening only. This seems to be the case even if patients given at-home bleaching therapy achieve an objectively better end result of the treatment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4211 File(s) in this item: 7
Appendix 1; posters.pdf (35.59Kb)Appendix 3.pdf (79.22Kb)(more files) -
Nygårdsvoll, Marianne (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Bonding materials are essential for modern restorative dentistry (i.e composite restorations and composite cements). Leakage from composite resin-based materials has been investigated and it is shown that 5-10 % of the residual monomers are released within the first seven days from the moment the restauration is made. Studies has also stated that monomer leakage can be a problem for patients and dental personal, and allergies can occur. Only a few studies have been focused on the degradation and erosion process of bonding materials. Since bonding agents are insufficiently studied concerning leakage of monomers, the aim of this study was to investigate leakage of monomers from bonding materials after light curing by using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The MS-instrument was equipped with an Electron Ionization (EI) and a Chemical Ionisation (CI) ion source that enabled to choose the most sensitive and selective method for the different compounds. Compounds with polar functional groups (i.e. –OH groups) were derivatized and analysed as their trimethyl silyl ethers. The light cured materials were immersed in water and in ethanol. In both cases the analysis demonstrated the leakage of several different compounds, even compounds that were not listed in the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) of the actual bonding material. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4212 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.096Mb) -
Berg, Lars Martin (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 10-Jun-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: ABSTRACT Background: Considerable variation between and within groups of NEF members and general practitioners (GPs) has been shown in the choice of endodontic retreatment options. However, uniform criteria and consensus in decision-making would be of importance when the clinical training in the dental school is arranged in a community setting by GPs employed as clinical instructors. Objectives: To assess the level of consensus in decision making in endodontic re-treatment among members of the Norwegian Endodontic Society (NEF) and a group of GPs employed at the extern clinics associated with the Institute of Clinical Dentistry at the University of Tromsø, Norway. Methods: All 65 practicing NEF members with valid e-mail addresses and all 39 GPs employed at the 10 extern clinics were addressed. A questionnaire with 26 radiographs from potential endodontic re-treatment cases and a fabricated patient history common to all of them was sent online by Questback internet program. Six treatment options were given, four of them suggesting active treatment. The results were analysed with SPSS (17.0) and Likelihood Ratio was calculated to show the differences between the groups. Results: 42 NEF members (65%) and 26 GPs (66%) responded. Half of the cases showed statistical significant differences (p<0.05) between the groups in the choice of treatment. There was no consensus among either of the groups in any case, but the NEF members showed relative consensus between active and non-active treatment in three cases. The NEF members favoured active treatment in cases where the majority of GPs would have waited another 12 months. Conclusions: The results show lack of consensus in the clinical decision-making in both groups, thus reflecting the need for continuing education in the key literature behind the rationale of various treatment options. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4227 File(s) in this item: 2
thesis.pdf (542.5Kb) -
Holde, Gro Eirin Olsen; Hammervold, Ida Birgitte (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 10-Jun-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Introduction: The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in the adult and child populations, examined or treated at external university dental clinics of the University of Tromsø, and then compare these prevalences with prevalences found in previous studies. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to the external University dental clinics (n=14), inviting all dental practitioners and hygienists to participate. During eight weeks the examiners reported all the oral mucosal lesions found during examination or treatment of their patients. Results: Twelve out of 14 clinics participated in the study (86%), and a total of 8088 (3122 adults and 4966 children) patients were examined by 39 examiners. Oral mucosal lesions were found in 7.59% of adult patients and in 2.68% of patients under the age of 18. The prevalence’s of oral mucosal lesions were generally lower compared to previous studies. Conclusion: Some of our results may indicate underregistration of oral mucosal lesions compared to previous studies. However, the previous studies have been conducted in other countries, and may not produce valid estimators of prevalences in Norway. To find the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in Norway, a study on a general population that is stratified and randomly selected should be carried out. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4213 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (686.4Kb) -
Jakobsen, Lise Bjørnåvold; Steinsund, Christine (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: In this thesis we wanted to find out; "Are there guidelines on the use of behaviour guidance techniques in dentistry to prevent the need of General Anesthesia". URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4404 File(s) in this item: 1
full thesis.pdf (178.1Kb) -
Lein, Ingvild Årøen (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: In this study, a guide for soft tissue surgery has been made, based on a review. The guide should serve as an update and reminder of selected surgical procedures for the general dental practitioner. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4247 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (419.6Kb) -
Bergh, Kristin (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Patients with head and neck cancer may experience a broad spectre of debilitating oral complications the after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The aim of this master thesis was to create information pamphlets in order to inform the patients with head and neck cancer about the possible complications of the cancer treatment and measurers to maintain or establish a good oral hygiene. Material and methods was divided in to two parts. Part one was a collection of relevant literature, with Pub Med search and using the text books in my dental curriculum. In addition several information pamphlets used at different hospitals and institutions was collected. Part two was the creation of information pamphlets trying by using the most updated and evidence based measures. During the work with the pamphlet I was introduced to the health literacy term. According to studies one third of the adult population had problems understanding written health information. As a result the pamphlet was created in plain Norwegian language and the most important information was written first. The pamphlet will be distributed to the patients by the hospital dentist at the special clinic in Tromsø (TkNN). The collaboration between the dental teams and the general health services is in an early phase in Tromsø. Hopefully the multidisciplinary collaboration will be further developed since this is beneficial to the especially vulnerable patients, such as patients with head and neck cancer. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4208 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (718.8Kb) -
Breistrand, Joakim Lund; Juliussen, Øyvind (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Objective: To compare the clinical survival and long-term costs of extensive composite restorations to ceramic inlays and onlays. The hypothesis was that ceramic inlays and onlays can be more tooth substance saving and long-term economic for the patient than composite restorations. Methods: The dental literature, predominantly since 1990, was reviewed for prospective clinical studies of longevity of ceramic inlays/onlays and direct composite restorations in permanent posterior teeth. Only studies lasting at least 1,5 years and with 30 restorations at baseline were accepted, and retrospective studies, case studies and studies performed at universities were excluded. Results: A total of 20 studies met the established inclusion criteria. Failure rates varied from 4-30% in observation times of 1,5 years to 18 years for composite restorations, and from 0-19% during 2-10 years of follow-up for ceramic restorations. The most common reasons for failure were secondary caries (57%) for composite fillings and material fracture (64%) for ceramic inlays and onlays. The initial cost ratio of a typical 3-surface composite filling to that of a similar sized ceramic restoration was found to be 1:4,4. Conclusions: Bulk fracture and secondary caries are the main causes for failures of ceramic inlays/onlays and composite resin restorations, respectively. Oral hygiene, calibration methods and control of the patients drop out are important factors to be accounted for in long-term clinical trials. More RCTs and CCTs with solid study designs are still needed to evaluate the survival and costs of both composite restorations and ceramic inlays/onlays in posterior teeth. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4255 File(s) in this item: 1
theses.pdf (292.5Kb) -
Whatley, Edwin Bentinck; Larssen, Andreas Järvinen (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Objective: To retrospectively evaluate empress crowns/onlays placed in patients treated by dentistry students at the University clinic in Tromsø. Material and methods: A total of 37 empress restorations placed in 26 patients were evaluated according to the California Dental Association´s (CDA) quality evaluation system. All of the reconstructions were luted with resin composite cement. The mean and median age of the restorations was 13.8 and 11 months respectively. Results: All of the 26 patients were satisfied with the treatment process but two patients had complains concerning functional outcome of the treatment. The survival rate according to the Kaplan Meier method was 94.8 %. Based on the CDA criteria, in the category ‘Anatomic form’, 84 % of the reconstructions were given the score SOCO (= restoration is slightly overcontoured). In the category ‘Color’ the CDA code SMM (= mismatch between restoration and tooth) was registered in 54% of the reconstructions. In the category ‘Surface’, 56 % received the code SRO (= surface of restoration is slightly rough or pitted). Conclusions: The majority of the patients were very satisfied with the overall treatment received at the university clinic. The relatively high number of restorations reported as slightly over- contoured might indicate the need for improvement upon the preparation procedures of empress reconstructions. A longer observation period and more restorations are needed to draw any firm long- term conclusions for the overall quality of empress restorations made by dentistry students. Key words: Clinical study, all-ceramic crowns, glass ceramics, survival rate URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4191 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (3.190Mb) -
Nilsen, Lill Katrin; Eidissen, Marit (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Introduction: Dentists give dental treatment with resin-based materials to patients every day, and these materials are known to contain several substances that may cause unwanted reactions in human. Possible reactions in a shorter time limit are contact allergy and toxic contact dermatitis. Some plastic materials are also known to release substances which may have an estrogenic effect. Aim: The aim of this master thesis was to explore by a literature research the risk for the patient getting adverse reactions when treated with resin-based materials. Materials and Methods: Relevant studies were acquired through a search in PubMed for adverse reactions and resin-based materials. Three relevant articles were found. Results and Discussion: Dental resin-based materials used for restoring of lost tooth substance contain reactive substances (e.g. methacrylates, initiators etc.). Precautions should be taken in all patients to decrease the leakage and direct exposure of these substances. This should be considered when the patient has a known allergy. Dentures and orthodontic baseplates may contain Phtalates and Bisphenol A, known as xenoestrogens. The amount of released substances is, however, considered to be low and therefore adverse effects in patients may be rare. The dentist should be aware of that, and know what to tell the patient when a concern about this comes up. Still, the awareness and knowledge of adverse effects toward those materials are limited and more clinical studies are needed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4205 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (758Kb) -
Paulsen, Linda; Strindberg, Anette (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Several studies conducted in the latest decades in Norway have shown a remarkable decrease in the edentulous population. This along with the overall increase in the number of elderly presents tremendous challenges for the healthcare system in the future. Dementia is a condition that further complicates the oral health situation in the elderly population. In this pilot study we wanted to investigate whether there were any differences in the oral health status between the demented and the non-demented patients living in a nursing home in northern Norway. Looking at the dental records of 28 subjects we concluded that there were no differences of statistical significance related to dementia between the two groups. However, we could investigate other aspects such as geographical differences, age and gender, and comparing our results to former studies in Norway. Many of the dental records lacked information about health, medication and dental status. This not only makes it difficult to conduct a study, but could also compromise the ability of a dental practitioner to offer the correct treatment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4196 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (197.1Kb) -
Sørli, Ida Kathrine Birkelund; Torsdatter, Kristine (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Aims: The purpose of our study is to systematically review the literature concerning prevalence, risk factors and diagnostics of TMD in children and adolescents in order to find methods for early detection. Through our study we hope to direct dentists to an evidence-based approach concerning children and adolescents by making a screening guideline. Material and methods: Systematic search of the dental literature was performed via Pubmed and using Google search engine. Unsystematic search was done in “Svenske tandläkartidningen”. Search terms used were for instance: “TMD children”, “TMD pain”, “Temporomandibular dysfunction children” and “Temporomandibular dysfunction adolescent”. The primary selection of articles was based on the articles title and abstract. After reading the articles the articles which were relevant for our review were chosen. Conclusions: The prevalence of TMD in children and adolescents is difficult to establish. There are several risk factors that can be used for predicting signs and symptoms of TMD in adult age, but they cannot be used for predicting manifest TMD. Diagnostics can be based on questions and clinical evaluation, the Clinical Dysfunction Index (Di) and/or the Research Diagnostic criteria (RDC/TMD). More research needs to be done, and the studies should use the same diagnostic criteria, examination methods and population sampling so that the articles are comparable. Keywords: temporomandibular dysfunction, children and adolescents, prevalence, risk factors, diagnostics URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4195 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (436.1Kb) -
Lange, Martin Bergseng; Thorsteinsson, E. B. (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Objective: To understand the dental health challenges of recovered drug addicts, and how the system of oral health rehabilitation works and functions as seen from the perspective of recovered addicts. Basic Design: Semi-structured interviews with seven recovered drug addicts from the city of Tromsø, Norway. The audio from the interviews was transcribed and analysed using NVIVO software. Results: All informants had experienced or were experiencing oral health problems related to their history of drug abuse. These problems adversely affect their quality of life. The care-seeking process was perceived as challenging by some informants; both in the case of obtaining emergency treatment when they were active addicts, and in relation to full oral health rehabilitation when enrolled in drug rehabilitation programs. Also, some groups of addicts were found to be left out of the legislative framework of the system. Conclusion: The system of oral health rehabilitation for recovered drug addicts has undergone legislative changes over the later years. This seems to have made the system somewhat more effective and including, but there are still groups left outside the system that, it could be argued, should be included. Also, challenges exist in conveying to drug addicts the possibilities for financial aid for emergency treatment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4198 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (392.4Kb) -
Heide, Kristine; Arntzen, Lene (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 08-Jun-2011)[+][-]
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Mehus, Kristin Elise; Pedersen, Ragnar (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 08-Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: En sammenligning av de tre utdanningsprogrammene i odontologi i Norge basert på studieplaner og styrende dokumenter. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4204 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (710.2Kb) -
Mathisen, Linda Kristin Bøe; Eriksen, Christel Bruun (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 08-Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out how screening and referring arrangements of patients with malocclusions was working between different dental professional groups in the public dental health services in Troms County. We also wanted to find out to what extent general dentists in Troms County were involved in interceptive orthodontic treatment. Material and Methods: The study subjects were dental hygienists, dentists and orthodontists in Troms County. All dentists and dental hygienists working in the dental public health care in Troms County were invited to participate in the survey. After several reminders 18 dental hygienists, 39 general dentists and 6 orthodontists responded (total N=63). The data was collected through a questionnaire, which included questions on personal data, orthodontic screening, treatment and referring, and a clinical photo of a unilateral posterior crossbite. Results: The response rate was 64%. The most common age of referring children to orthodontic treatment was at 12-13 years of age. Late referral age (14 years or older) was significantly more often favored by dentists, as compared to the dental hygienists. 71% of dental hygienists preferred referring patients straight to a specialist, and the rest made the decision between dentist and specialist. There was no significant difference (P=0,741) in the approximated number of referrals made by the dentists and dental hygienists. 62% of the dentists and 44% of the hygienists considered that treatment of unilateral posterior crossbite belonged to both dentists and specialists. Almost one third of the dentists reported that they did no orthodontic treatment at all. The most common malocclusion treated by the dentists was unilateral posterior crossbite. The procedures related to orthodontics done by dentists in their daily practice, were screening for malocclusion, preventive palpation of the position of permanent canines and primary tooth extractions due to orthodontic reasons. 83% of the orthodontists consulted dentists regarding interceptive orthodontic treatments and/or planning treatments of patients. Conclusions: The majority of dentists in Troms County were involved in orthodontic treatment, but only to a small extent. Dental hygienists and dentists referred approximately the same number of patients to orthodontic treatment, but general dentists may prioritize later age of referral. Availability of continuing education in orthodontics might enhance the treatment skills and interest in orthodontics among the general practitioners. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4197 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (694.0Kb) -
Tran, Huy Quoc; Jenssen, Lotte (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 09-Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: In this literature study, a classification of severe discolorations and a summary over the options for different dental treatments have been described. Various causes of these severe discolorations are presented and how the mechanisms behind tooth discolorations affect the outcome of a treatment or treatment options. Finally, the aesthetic outcome of a possible bleaching treatment of the different classified discolorations is discussed. In the management of patients with stained teeth it is very important to know and understand the mechanisms behind tooth discolorations as well as the clinical features of different types of tooth staining, in order to make a correct diagnosis. The teeth are an integrated part of facial aesthetics and are involved in a complex social, cultural and psychological interaction. For people with severe discolorations, bleaching can be an important and valuable treatment. Brown and yellow staining are easier to change compared to grey and blue stains which are mostly resistant to bleaching. Discolorations located in the gingival area have a poor prognosis. However, recent research has shown that for example tetracycline-stained teeth that often have a grey-blue staining may demand longer bleaching treatments, from one to 12 months, but it is almost impossible to predict the result of such a treatment. Clinical research has shown that it is best to try bleaching first, as a patient may be pleased with the outcome of this treatment and thus the need for veneers or replacement with full crowns will be eliminated. There are no guidelines telling the dental practitioner when it is correct to carry out bleaching or operative treatment. Therefore, in cases with aesthetic problems, it is important to understand the self-perceived opinion of the patient in the treatment planning. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4210 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.442Mb) -
Antonsen, Grethe Marie; Hunstad, Marie Nøvik (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: This literature study reviewed papers on caries risk assessment on patients` above 18 years published between 2000 and 2010. In the present study three different methods are discussed: The Cariogram, CAMBRA ( Caries Management By Risk Assessment) and the UIT – method (University of Tromsø). The purpose of caries risk assessments are to find out which risk level the patient has and try to lower the risk. By evaluating the protective and pathologic factors involved in the carious disease the dentist finds the appropriate risk for each patient. This makes it easier to give the right individual treatment. These methods are good ways to find the causes of the carious disease which today has an increasing focus. Treating the cause is a cost – effective approach. Both dentist and patients will benefit from doing a caries risk assessment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4207 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.300Mb) -
Kobets, Svetlana (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Det finnes ulike oppfatninger angående ortodontisk behandling av tenner som er tidligere rotfylt eller tidligere traumatisert. Noen mener at det finnes mer risiko for resorpsjon ved ortodontisk forflytning av slike tenner enn levende "friske" tenner. Det første målet med dette litteraturstudiet var å se om det finnes vitenskapelige bevis for eventuell risiko for resorpsjon ved ortodontisk forflytning av rotfylte/tidligere traumatiserte tenner. Det andre målet var å finne ut hva praktiserende tannleger mener om temaet. 23 artikler var samlet inn gjennom PubMed og veiledere, samt 6 bøker var valgt fra det Helse- og Naturvitenskapelige Biblioteket ved UiT. Et spørreskjema med påstander ang ortodontisk forflytning av rotfylte tenner og tidligere traumatiserte tenner var delt ut til tannleger/spesialister på Studentklinikken og TkNN. Antall spørreskjema utdelt var 41,og 21 var besvart. Resultatene fra litteraturen var at rotfylte tenner (hvis godt renset og tettet) kan forflyttes med samme sikkerhet som vitale tenner. Når det gjelder tenner med tidligere historie av trauma, så sa mesteparten av litteraturen at det er noe større risiko for resorpsjon ved ortodontisk behandling av slike tenner. Besvarelsene av spørreskjema viste at meningen er delt (50/50) ang mer risiko for resorpsjon av rotfylte tenner. Derimot var de fleste deltakere (95%) enige om at det er mer risikabelt å forflytte tenner med tidligere trauma enn tenner uten trauma. Hovedkonklusjonen er at på grunn av lite tilgjengelige artikler og ingen RCT-studier (randomiserte kontrollerte studier) angående tema diskutert i denne masteroppgaven, trengs det mer forskning for å gjøre opp en sikker mening. Større antall deltakere i spørreundersøkelsen er også ønskelig for å føre resultatene over på allmenheten av praktiserende tannleger i Norge. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4343 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (269.8Kb) -
Klaudiussen, Ida Johanne; Niskanen Hansen, Nina Marleena (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: You can often hear people within the dental care system in Norway expressing that: “if you take a job in Finnmark you will get to do a lot and gain a lot of experience”. This claim might be based on the fact that there are very few specialists in Finnmark. In addition, low population density with long distances to dental service creates a high degree of independence and self-reliance among dental health personnel in the area. This combined with higher frequency of irregular treatment habits among adults and inferior oral health conditions compared to the rest of the country (St.meld 35) might yield an extra challenge to dentists, particularly in more remote areas of Finnmark. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4231 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (466.1Kb)
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