Browsing Master's theses in international fisheries management by Title
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- Browsing Master's theses in international fisheries management by Title
Browsing Master's theses in international fisheries management by Title
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Rani, Manira Sultana (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 27-May-2005)[+][-]
Abstract: Abnormal blastomere morphology may be indicative of low egg viability in fish and therefore represent a useful tool for rapid qualitative assessments for commercial and experimental aquaculture purposes. This work reviews the literature on this subject, and compares early cleavage patterns in a series of preliminary experiments of triploidy induction in Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Data from 4 different egg batches showed that cleavage abnormalities were generally higher in cold-shocked groups than control groups, though significantly only in 2 out of 4 experiments. Cell asymmetry was the most common type of cleavage abnormality in all trials, whereas other patterns such as complete separation of blastomeres or cell asymmetry combined with unequal blastomere size were observed in some of the experiments only. There was no significant difference between control and treated groups in terms of survival at any of the developmental stages in all batches. Proportions of abnormal blastomeres were negatively correlated with survival at day 1 while no correlations were observed at embryonation or hatching. This work shows that cold shock treatments applied shortly after fertilization may significantly increase, in some cases, the number of cleavage abnormalities but without affecting general survival at hatching. This would indicate that cleavage patterns abnormalities may not be considered as a good indicator of egg larval viability in such experiments. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/294 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.650Mb) -
Korshunova, Ekaterina (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 05-Jun-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is considered to be a key species in the Arctic marine ecosystems. Yet detailed or even basic knowledge regarding its biology and adaptations, especially during the polar night, are in many cases poor. No field data is presently available on the gonad development of polar cod, its reproductive biology and associated bioenergetics. Accordingly, polar cod was sampled at different locations in Svalbard waters in August, September, November and January. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) indices were calculated as indicators of the physiological state of the fish. Maturity stages were determined by microscopic histological techniques. Energy reserves (total lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) were quantified in liver and gonads as well as cellular respiration through Electron Transport System (ETS) activity. Results indicated that polar cod prepared for spawning and started developing their gonads in August and September. The fish with GSI≥4% were considered mature as they had spawned at least once or were preparing for their first spawning. A general increase in GSI was observed together with a general increase in the total energy content in polar cod gonads from August to January. Males showed fully developed gonads in November, i.e. two months earlier than females. HSI and total energy content in liver tended to be constant over time, except for males where HSI was lower in January compared to the other months. Furthermore, only mature males showed a negative correlation between GSI and HSI that indicated a drain of energy from liver to gonads in males. It was hypothesized that female and male polar cod had different reproductive strategies. Based on histological analysis of the gonads, female polar cod were confirmed to be iteroparous and to be able to spawn more than once in their lifetime. Indeed, the presence of post-ovulatory follicles in the ovaries of mature females in August indicated that the fish had spawned the previous winter, while the progressive oocytes at the stages of cortical alveoli and lipid inclusion formation showed that there would be a new reproductive cycle in the coming spawning season. The histology did not allow concluding a similar unequivocal characterisation of the male reproductive strategy and samples from post-spawning period would be needed. However, results tended to show a higher energy investment and a higher metabolic activity in males than females and a decrease in their abundance compared to females with age. It is therefore hypothesized that males may be semelparous. In the harsh Arctic conditions this gender-specific strategy can be a successful opportunity to maximise the reproduction process and maintain high abundance of the polar cod population. Males should always be ready to spawn, because the timing of female gonad development can be different and dependent on environment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4357 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.734Mb) -
Agulló Núñez, Lara (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 06-Jun-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Walbaum) is a commercially important fish species in the Barents Sea. This fishery has been strongly regulated, including a fishing ban from 1992 to 2009. Studies of fish reproduction are needed to extend the knowledge about this species in order to improve management and to avoid another decay of the stock. This Master Thesis describes the relationships between fecundity (thousands oocytes per female) and length (cm) ("Fecundity=2 ×" 〖"10" 〗^"-6" " × " 〖"Length" 〗^"3.9418" ) and fecundity (thousands oocytes per female) and weight (g) (Fecundity=0.003 × Weigth^1.1251) for Northeast Arctic Greenland halibut based on 138 females taken in November-December 2011 on the continental slope of the Barents Sea. Fecundity was compared to previous data from the same area and it was found to be in the same range as data from 1996, 1997 and 1998. Maturity stages were stated using the new scale proposed by Kennedy et al. (2011) based on oocyte diameter measurements. These data were compared with the maturity stages given at sea, using both a standard macroscopic scale and the macroscopic scale special for Greenland halibut. Differences were found, both with regard to stating of maturity stages and the boundary between mature and immature individuals. Spawning stock size and total egg production were calculated using both methods, and an overestimation of the spawning stock size, as well as of the total egg production, was found when the macroscopic scale was used. Due to the fact that it is difficult to implement the microscopic scale at sea, it is proposed that when using the special macroscopic scale for Greenland halibut females, the boundary of immature females is moved from stage 1 to also include stage 2. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4355 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.388Mb) -
Ardiansyah, Hasyim (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 30-May-2007)[+][-]
Abstract: The tsunami disaster in NAD province has affected and reduced significantly the social and ecological resilience of coastal communities. The ‘huge aid’ and large number of parties involved during fisheries rebuilding process are essential in supporting the rehabilitation of fisheries infrastructure and knowledge transfer in order to improve fishers and fish-farmers capacity in dealing with ecological feedback. This process is potential to present either the effective or the ineffective responses. The effectiveness is essential since the tsunami is seen as an opportunity for building resilient within coastal communities and better future of fisheries governance. However, tsunami occurred in the context of vulnerability and its impacts have caused the vulnerability, since the fisheries production assets wiped out by tsunami. The effective response is influenced by the ability of the disaster authorities and other parties involved providing a properly action and mechanisms that represents in the implemented policies. This ability also influenced by the previous experiences in designing the policy, as a mean to deal with social and ecological problems in the past. The response to this disaster has indicated to have potential to create vulnerability within survivors as well, which lower the ability to adapt to and cope with disasters. These, in the long-term goals, may promote less incentive to the resilient communities and preserve the status quo. The effectiveness can be achieved by understanding the diversity and coping strategies in the fisheries capture and aquaculture that mainly characterized by the livelihood strategies. On the other hand, understanding and strengthening the social capital of the individuals, households, fisher groups, and local institutions are essential, which enable to provide effective responses and adaptive capacity. These can be addressed through allowing the social learning framework to take place during rebuilding fisheries process. These frameworks also enable to provide feedback for the governance structure as an evaluation to ineffective response and as a tool to deal with the complexity of integrated intervention, including resource management after the tsunami. Keywords: Tsunami, rebuilding fisheries, vulnerability, social capital, effective intervention, learning framework, resilience. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/995 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.862Mb) -
Olyel, Daisy Aciro (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 02-Jun-2006)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis examines the effectiveness of the co-management approach in the fishery management system of Uganda with specific case reference to the implementation of the Beach Management Units (BMU), an institutional structure for the co-management approach, in the Lake Kyoga and Lake Victoria fishing villages. The theoretical frame work of this thesis involves looking at the concept of co-management, the theory of implementation and a study of the concept of situated knowledge production processes. On the other hand, the empirical assignment consisted of following the processes that led to the implementation of the BMU system and examining the achieved goals so far. The analytical studies are to weigh the achieved goals of the implementation of the BMU system with the desired or theorised goals of the co-management concept. This is done with specific interest in outcomes related to social equity among the BMU members and the issues with the fisheries resource sustainability. The analysis is done using the sustainable livelihood approach and the institutional analysis frame work. The challenges involved in the implementation process are also highlighted and put into consideration in this analysis. At the same time, discussions in the analysis touch on issues of development knowledge production for the developing worlds with special regards to when such “knowledges” are turned into uniform policies. This discussion, with regard to knowledge production is to ascertain whether such knowledge production systems either heal or escalate the damaged situations in such regions when they are turned into policies. This thesis argues that the knowledge base of fisheries management like other development knowledge is generated from outside the culture of the society to which such knowledges are later implemented. In this way, the expected results of such are always in contrary to what is expected. Key words: Co- Management in Uganda, Beach Management Units and Fisheries management as societal development. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/331 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (797.4Kb) -
Høgi, Mia (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 14-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Being a fisher is considered to be one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. Injuries are common, and death is a recurring event. The fishers experience competition for the space they are utilize and in the most important fishing area in Norway, Lofoten and Vesterålen; the oil industry has stated their interest in what they think is the most unopened prospective area on the Norwegian continental shelf. The area is a high latitude ecosystem with few yet but abundant species; fish, sea birds and sea mammals, and is regarded to be a vulnerable area by the Institute of Marine Research. The fishers experience risk on a daily basis in their occupation, but the oil industry presents new threats through seismic activity, area access conflicts and the risk of oil spills. Through analysis of documents and interviews with relevant people the social constructionist approach to risk will deal with the fishers’ current risk, and fishers’ risk in regards to the oil industry in the case of Lofoten and Vesterålen. The results indicate that the fishers underestimate personal risks that come with the occupation while they see the possible risk with the oil industry, especially in regards to oil spills, as a real threat. The seismic activity performed during the last three years showed a large resentment toward the oil industry and the majority of the fishers are reluctant to the oil industry. Although the possibility of an oil spill in the area is regarded as diminutive by the oil industry and the Norwegian authorities, the consequences can be massive and can affect the resources the fishers’ rely on. The uncertainty in regards to oil spill, extended effects (e.g. employment opportunities) and effects on the fishing industry in addition to knowledge gaps and the fishers’ lack of control largely explains the fishers’ negative attitude to the oil industry. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2497 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.537Mb) -
Phan Thanh, Lam (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 02-Jun-2006)[+][-]
Abstract: Reservoir fisheries management must be based on an understanding that they are complex and dynamic ecosystem. This study describes fisheries activities status in the Tri An reservoir. The main objective is to determine an efficient exploitation level of fisheries resources affected by the stocking program. The Verhulst-Schaefer model (logistic growth) was applied and the classic model modified to also include the case of stocking. The modified surplus production model (MSPM) that considers fish stocking as a major factor influencing population growth has been employed to estimate static reference points. Adding economic components to the MSPM, a bioeconomic model was established and applied in analyzing the interaction between human harvesting pressures, stocking and biological resources regeneration. Data on catch/effort and stocking from 1993 to 2005 were used to analyze the fishery. Empirical results reveal that the stocking program was a major factor influencing both population growth and the harvest regime in the reservoir. Fish stocking was positively correlated to change in population growth, and led to a considerable enhancement in fish production. The fisheries resources cannot sustain current exploitation levels which have led to both biological and economic overfishing as a result of ineffective management. The current centralized top-down management has proven ineffective and inappropriate. Therefore, rational management is required to rescue the fisheries resources from depletion, to maintain the fisheries productivity capacity and to prevent further resource degradation. However, reservoir fisheries are currently dependent on harvesting and stocking regimes, so a change of management plan should be achieved by simultaneously changing the level of effort and stocking rate URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/335 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.166Mb) -
Pihlstrøm, Malin (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-Nov-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: This study examines the sustainability of Norwegian salmon farming on the basis of its use of marine feed resources, from a biological perspective. The salmon farming industry in Norway is deemed moderately sustainable according to the assumptions and methodology applied in this thesis. However, it is pointed out that these results would most likely have been different if social and economic aspects had been included. Another aspect is that the food vs. feed issue does not accrue to the current discussion, as this is purely decided by economic considerations. The study also point out that at present, salmon is the best overall existing alternative for food production. Salmon can be produced more efficiently and with higher output than any other livestock, such as pig and poultry. The limited supply of marine resources is not considered to restrict a further expansion of the salmon farming industry in near future, but poses a challenge in the long term. Keywords: Sustainability, salmon, feed, forage fish, FCR, fisheries management URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2915 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.160Mb) -
Nguyen, Quoc Khanh (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 13-May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: The fishery sector is a significant contributor to national income as well as a source of employment for local people. The export value of Vietnamese fisheries product is around US$ 4 billion annually. The tuna fisheries have become a key contributor to Vietnamese seafood export. The main markets for Vietnamese tuna products are the European Commission (EC), United States (US) and Japan. Vietnamese fisheries are considered as small-scale and traditional, with a large number of actors. The large number of actors coupled with incoherence between the legal frameworks and fishing practices has led to an increase in illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing activities. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), IUU fishing is a global problem that is negatively affecting the environment, ecosystems, biodiversity, fish stocks and social-economic conditions of people. To deter and eliminate IUU fishing, the EC adopted the IUU regulation, which came into effect from 1st January 2010. The IUU regulation applies to all countries that have fish trade with the EC. The goals of the regulation are sustainable resource management and exploitation, while providing sustainable economic, environmental and social conditions. According to the IUU regulation, the import of fishery products into the EC is only allowed when accompanied by a certified catch certificate that ensures that the products is not a result of IUU fishing. Thus, in order to export fish to the EC, Vietnam has introduced catch certificates. Although fisheries regulations in Vietnam have improved, there are mismatches between the Vietnamese regulations and the EC’s IUU regulation. In its implementation of the IUU regulation, the Vietnam’s tuna longline fisheries is facing various problems and challenges with regards to the process of issuing catch certificates and fishing licenses, resources management and conservation, lack of an updated resource database, keeping logbooks and reporting, low education of fishers, and corruption. This thesis analyzes these problems and challenges. The study found that due to the inconsistencies between the EC’s IUU regulation and the Vietnamese regulations as well as Vietnam’s practical implementation of these regulations, there seems to be limitations to how effective the combat against IUU fishing will be. Despite the apparent implementation of EC regulations in Vietnam, IUU fishing activities still take place and IUU fish products are still being exported to the EC from Vietnam. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3531 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (3.351Mb) -
Kisseleva, Anna (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 18-Sep-2006)[+][-]
Abstract: After dissolution of the Soviet Union, the economical and political changes in Russia resulted into development of the new institutional arrangements and altered the behaviour of all industrial organisations. The new institutional regime and the introduction of the new market-based economic system forced fishing companies to change their business behaviour and find new ways to adjust to the existing situation. The main objective of the Thesis is to show how the higher-order institutions have influenced fishing companies and changed the trade pattern for cod and other species of white fish in the Murmansk Region. In order to illustrate this, one fishing company would be selected as a case-study and the main factors which have led to the significant change of trade pattern for cod and other species of white fish would be generalized and analyzed together with the data applied on an entire Russian North-West Fishery. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/338 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.366Mb) -
Madamombe, Loveness (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 07-Jun-2002)[+][-]
Abstract: Kapenta (Limnothrissa miodon) was introduced from Lake Tanganyika into the man-made Lake Kariba, where it now supports a large and viable fishery for Zimbabwe and Zambia who share the lake. The challenge for this paper has been to investigate whether the viability of the kapenta fishery is dependent upon biological factor or economic parameters. The Pella and Tomlinson surplus production model (Pella and Tomlinson, 1967) was used, and parameterised by historical catch and effort data in addition to individual growth parameters. 1994 data was referred to as the current data. In the analysis three reference points were used, Maximum sustainable yield (MSY), Maximum economic yield (MEY) and Open access (OA) equilibriums. Prices and costs were varied to see the sensitivity of the fishery to these two variables, based on the reference points. MSY yield and effort which is the same for both countries was found to be 23 336 tonnes and 725 rigs at the age of first capture of four months. MEY yield and effort is 22 854 tonnes and 475 rigs for Zimbabwe and 22 181 tonnes and 500 rigs for Zambia. Resource rent at MSY is ZW$273 000 and ZK26Million and at MEY it is ZW$316 000 and ZK28Million. Current (1994) effort levels were shown to be close to MSY effort levels. OA effort levels are shown to be three times the current effort; trends in the fishery also show that effort levels are on the decrease, indicating that OA is not a threat to this fishery. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/336 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (206.8Kb) -
Zhang, Chunrong (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 12-Jun-2002)[+][-]
Abstract: Fisheries in Bohai Sea occur in an ecosystem, with different provinces conducting fishing activities on different species using different gears. Coordination of government actions continues to be a problem, as there exists many contradictions between different sectoral planning approaches. With the absence of a holistic institutional framework of management mechanism, coastal and marine resources are being destroyed. It has been found out in the study that fisheries resources in Bohai Sea, especially traditional high-valued species such as small yellow croaker, hair tail and Chinese prawn, have been over fished, and they have been replaced by some lowvalued species, mostly primarily smaller pelagic species, such as Japanese anchovy, half-fin anchovy etc. The effects on trophic level changes have been caused by mainly due to impacts from human activities and the variation in natural environmental problem like pollution. The CPUE declined from 2.39 tons/ kilowatt in 1950s to 0.91 tons / kilowatt in 1990s. The Bohai Sea being an important spawning, nursery and feeding ground for many migratory species from the Yellow Sea and at the same time supporting an important penaeid shrimp fishery it deemed important to carry out this work. The paper is divided into six sections. The first section is a brief introduction of the physical and biological characteristics of the region. Following is the description of methodology used in this paper. The data used in this study are listed in third section. The next section describes the major fisheries and specie shifts in dominance, and examines of the causes of resource variability are given in section five. Suggestions for restoring the resources of this ecosystem are offered in the final section. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/340 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.084Mb) -
Egyir, Isaac Kwasi (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Ghana’s find of oil and gas in commercial quantities marks the beginning of a billion-dollar industry. The exploration and production of it is a major industrial development but its negative impacts on fisheries can never be underestimated. The research questions to be answered are: how is it likely that the fisheries in Ghana will be affected by the expanding oil and gas activities? What kinds of measures have been introduced to safeguard the fisheries? What can be done to mitigate harms and to secure a peaceful co-existence between the petroleum and the fisheries sectors? Purposive and random samplings were used to select one hundred and eighty respondents in the Cape Three Points community during field survey in the month of June and July 2011. Key informants were interviewed and field observations were also made. The result shows that standard of living of respondents is generally low and they lack social amenities in the community. The general perception of the respondents (75.6 %) is positive because they are expecting the oil and gas activities to boost their livelihood activities and increase income. The majority of the respondents with positive perception are women engaged in fish related activities, petty trading and farming. 36.2% of respondents asserted that the oil and gas activities would bring great loss in the quantity of fish catch. These were mostly fishermen and fishmongers. Even though the 36.2% is quite marginal, it still confirms the assertion that fish catch may reduce. Restriction imposed by naval officials in charge of the rigs, the incident of oil spillage and pollution are other major concern by the respondents. The government is enacting some laws and policies which can safeguard the fisheries if well implemented, however local communities and stakeholder involvement is not adequate. Also the institutions lack the human resources and the capacity to implement these policies. Recommendations are therefore made to ensure peaceful co-existence between fisheries and the oil and gas sector. Keywords: Oil and gas activities, fisheries, mitigation, livelihoods, Western Region, Ghana URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4356 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.302Mb) -
Karamouchko, Irina (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 21-Jun-2002)[+][-]
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Le, Doan Dung (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, May-2007)[+][-]
Abstract: The marine protected area (MPA) of Nha Trang Bay, in eastern Vietnam, was created in 2002 as a pilot initiative to enable an adequate management of the fringing reef communities, while providing opportunities for alternative livelihoods to the local fisher populations. A reassessment of the data obtained during the baseline survey performed in 2002 and of an inventory performed in 2005 indicates a reasonable decline in faunal diversity and density in the MPA. Multivariate analyses of a great number of species suggest a cascading effect: a general negative trend in the richness of hard-corals at different depths is associated with an increase in macro-algal cover, and this links with a marked decline in the density of herbivorous fish. The reef of Hon Mun, a core zone at the hearth of the MPA and an attraction for underwater tourists, showed some recovery of the coral cover and density of other macroinvertebrates. Despite the loss in fish density, the structure of the fish food web seemed to remain unaltered. Reefs in the buffer area of Hon Mieu and Hon Mot showed, on the contrary, great declines in the faunal component and a clear increase in algal cover. These reefs are those most affected by human derived impacts, including urban run-off, shipping, silting, mariculture, fishing and tourism. The most distant reef analysed, at Hon Tre, although formally a core zone, is allegedly under strong fishing pressure owing to lack of surveillance enforcement. The major impact, so far, seems to be a marked decline in diversity and density of fish. Whilst the present data were collected during the initial stages of marine protection and need further replication, it is becoming evident that urban development and, particularly, fisheries and mariculture, which depend on great amounts of wild seed and feed collected in the area, may become antagonistic activities to the recovery of the reef to earlier states. Managers devising future management plans have now a base for re-scaling the size and zonation regime of the protected area, as well as that of adjacent industrial activities. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/989 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (3.436Mb) -
Ivanova, Maria (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 23-May-2005)[+][-]
Abstract: The existing management system in the Russian fishing industry was created as a result of the political, economic and institutional transformations that took place in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1990. This thesis analyses the processes in the fisheries that led to the establishment of the existing institutional and management practice. The study seeks to find out how the existing system of fisheries management has formed as a result of the economic reforms and institutional changes taking place, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. A special focus of the study is on the division of the management authority between the federal centre and the regions, and the influence of this on the institutional changes in the fisheries. The analysis discusses the validity of hypothesis based on the assumption that the interests, norms, and values of the federal authorities versus those of the regional authorities are the driving forces of the institutional changes in the northern fisheries of the Russian Federation. The study concludes that in addition to the processes that took place inside the fisheries complex the overall transformation of the political and economic order that occurred in Russia was a driving force of the institutional changes in the Russian fisheries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/318 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (496.5Kb) -
Johansen, Kristine Vollnes (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 05-Jun-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Lofoten and Vesterålen is an important fisheries area with traditions for this dating back hundreds of years. At the same time, it has been pointed out as a prospective oil and gas area. The oil industry is currently extending its activities and moving northwards from the North Sea into the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea. This has made the seas off Lofoten and Vesterålen a conflict zone. The integrated management plan put a temporary lid on petroleum activity in Nordland VI, Nordland VII, and Troms II until 2010 when the management plan will be up for revision. The topic of this thesis is the conflicts which are now evolving in the region over future developments. The thesis tries to identify the main stakeholders, their arguments and positions, and the strategies they employ to gain support for their views and interests. The game that is played over oil in Lofoten and Vesterålen is analysed in terms of power and conflict. The role of the mass media is also taken into account. The study is based on both primary and secondary data sources. Interviews have been conducted and newspaper editorials, articles, and previous research have been investigated. The thesis shows that there are many stakeholders involved – the oil industry; the fishing industry; the tourism industry; local, regional and national politicians; environmentalist organisations; the media, etc. There is a conflict between different resource-based industries as well as other groups and interests that have a stake in the future development of the region. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1471 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.744Mb) -
Hotvedt, Bjørnar Dahl (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 13-May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: This study examines the reasons why the European Union (EU), Norway, Iceland and the Faroe Islands have been unable to reach an agreement for the distribution of the Total Allowable Catch for Atlantic mackerel. Whereas the allocation previously was decided by the long-standing coastal states, the EU, Norway and the Faroe Islands, changes in the mackerel’s migration pattern in a northward direction has led to Icelandic and Faroese requests for a larger portion of the resource. The “mackerel conflict” breaks out in 2010 and entails the use of sanctions as well as the setting of unilateral quotas in addition to those following from the coastal state agreement. The combined quota demands far exceed sustainable harvesting levels and will by all likelihood lead to overexploitation. The research methods were qualitative and involved the application of two-level game theory and the consideration of “win-sets” to explain the absence of co-operative management. The main finding was that the pelagic fishers effectively enjoy veto power over the outcome of the negotiations, in particular in fishery-dependent Iceland and the Faroe Islands, but to a large extent in Norway as well. Also in the EU the affected fishers have a decisive influence, although only in political terms. The parties’ many attempts at influencing each other’s positions have so far had no discernable effects and the situation begins to bear resemblance to a “tragedy of the commons”. Key words: Atlantic mackerel, European Union, Norway, Iceland, Faroe Islands, TAC, quotas, conflict, two-level games, tragedy of the commons. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3528 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (809.4Kb) -
The profitability and management of the Norwegian Red King Crab (Paralithodes Camtschaticus) fisheryWessel, Kari (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 28-May-2004)[+][-]
Abstract: The Red King Crab and the consequences of its introduction to the Barents Sea and the North-Norwegian coast has been a source for research in many directions for several years. There has not been much financial research, despite the fact that the Red King Crab is a highly valuable nutritional species which gives it a highly economically value. In this thesis I look into the profitability for the vessels participating in the Norwegian Red King Crab fishery and look upon the challenges which the Norwegian Government faces when managing the Red King Crab. I look into different scenarios for the prevention of the further spread of the Red King Crab to the west is put forward. By using financial analysis and statistical analysis I analyse accounts for vessels fishing Red King Crab and compare them with accounts for vessels with similar sizes and fishing methods fishing in the same area, but not fishing for Red King Crab. My analysing is done for the years 2001 and 2002. After making the different analysis I conclude that the smaller vessels fishing Red King Crab have considerable higher profitability than the similar sized vessels not fishing Red King Crab. For the larger vessels I can not conclude that the Red King Crab fishing vessels profitability is higher than the vessels not fishing for Red King Crab. Fixed quotas equal for all vessels regardless of vessel size and the trouble with unscheduled secondary catch of Red King Crab in other fisheries might be a reason why larger vessels don’t benefit from the Red King Crab fishery as smaller vessels do. I look into the future management of the Red King Crab west of longitude 26º East, which is the western border where the Norwegian and Russian government has agreed to make effort to prevent the Red King Crab to spread further west. There are introduced different scenarios for how to prevent the Red King Crab to spread further west. I have looked into some consequences for some scenarios introduced by the Norwegian Minister of Fisheries like free access to fish in the area as a contradiction to another scenario which is to make strict regime on who is allowed to fish in the area. A third scenario introduced is to make the area a tourist fishery area, and one scenario introducing bounty on the crab, the last one not introduced by the Minister of Fisheries. In my conclusion I am not stating one as better than the others as I don’t believe that one regime can do the job alone. I ask if a combination of the scenarios could be a solution. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/325 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (713.3Kb) -
Tuko, Luyanda (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 14-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: The changing of vessels in the West Coast Rock Lobster nearshore fishery is one of the important issues which need attention within the South African fisheries management, that is, by fisheries authorities and industry (fishing right holders). This is due to the increasing problems regarding frequent vessel changes in the South African fisheries and the consequences in terms of increased fishing capacity. The thesis seeks to find major causes of vessels changes and how often the right holders change their fishing vessels. It further seeks to relate the policies of other fishing nations to gain measures to curb the problem of fishing capacity through the vessel replacement. The data were collected from primary and secondary sources and analyzed by both qualitative and quantitative methods. Various theories of capacity management were used in the study to explain the findings. The findings of this study reveal that transformation in South African fisheries has progressed, and that the fishers have shown development of their enterprise. Fishing nations like Canada and Australia have been used as cases for how to curb the problems. Some of the principles under laying their replacement policies may also be employed in the South African setting. A new and more precise replacement policy is strongly recommended for the South African WCRL fishery. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2484 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.394Mb)
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