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Browsing Fakultet for humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og lærerutdanning by Title
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Selboe, Tone (Journal article, 2003)[+][-]
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Pedersen, Aud-Kirsti (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: This paper discusses if place names can be used to construct and express identity, with a focus on the Norwegian names of farms and parishes. Since the Norwegian Place Name Act came into existence in 1991, the many appeals in regard to official spellings as decided by the authorities give clear indication that Norwegians have different opinions of how the names of farms and parishes should be spelled compared to names referring to natural features. Many people prefer the spelling of names of natural features to be as close as possible to the dialectal pronunciation, whereas they prefer older, often ornamental spellings or spellings which differ from the pronunciation when it comes to the names of farms and parishes. This paper looks at the reasons for these attitudes towards the spelling of place names, and is highlighted by some theory pertaining to language and identity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4950 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (129.5Kb) -
Dybwad, Tom-Erik (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 26-May-2009)[+][-]
Description: Paper number 1 of the thesis is not available in Munin due to publishers restrictions. Papers 2,3 and 4 are manuscripts, and not available in Munin.
1. Dybwad, T.E.: "The Structural Validity of Daidalos: A measure of career maturity." Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 2008; 52(2): 135-152 (Taylor and Francis). Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00313830801915762
2. Dybwad, T.E.: "Career Maturity: A latent means and covariance structure analysis." Manuscript
3. Dybwad,T.E.: "A MACS approach to the study of work values." Manuscript
4. Dybwad,T.E.: "Dropout intentions and career uncertainty: A latent variable modelling approach to their prediction." Manuscript.URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2592 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (209.0Kb) -
Muriungi, Peter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2006)[+][-]
Abstract: In this paper, I discuss the categorial status of Kîîtharaka adpositions. I demonstrate that there are two main classes of adpositions(to be referred to as Class A and Class B). Class A adpositions are syntactic heads and they belong to the functional lexical category P. Class B adpositions are a phrasal P category with a nominal component. They therefore spell out a complex structure than adpositional heads do. This bipartation of Kîîtharaka Ps is based on (i) optionality of complements (ii) case assignment (iii) modification (iv) recoverability of content (v) movement and (vi) derivational morphology. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/981 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (203.8Kb) -
Låg, Torstein (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 01-Dec-2006)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis describes a number of experiments that aimed to investigate the role of relatively low-level visual input factors in category-specific effects in object identification and colour perception. In the object recognition experiments, using picture-name or name-picture verification tasks, as well as object-naming tasks, clues to the causal factors contributing to such effects were obtained. It was found that category-specific effects in normal object identification, both living things advantages and living things disadvantages can occur even when nuisance variables like familiarity and complexity are well controlled. Task demands on perceptual differentiation and stimulus presentation conditions can influence and even reverse category-specific effects (Report I). When identification has to rely mostly on global shape visual information, the living things advantage in identification is enhanced compared to when visual detail is available in stimulus pictures. Furthermore, a lack of visual detail induces a left hemisphere disadvantage for identification, but only for nonliving things (Report II). In an experiment utilising eye movement methods, it was found that when rotating objects in depth, which presumably causes changes in outline shape, changes in participants' eye movement strategies could be observed. Specifically, participants tended to focus more on the objects' centres of gravity when rotations went from canonical to noncanonical views. This effect was, however, only reliably observed for nonliving things. (Report III). In a study examining differential interference effects in Stroop performance, it was found that the amount of interference is smaller for non-opponent compared to opponent colours. An artificial neural network that coarsely implements a trichromatic input coding scheme can simulate this reduced opponent colour interference. Additionally, it was found that individual differences in colour discrimination ability are associated with individual differences in Stroop performance. (Report IV). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/354 File(s) in this item: 5
Paper_I.pdf (125.3Kb)Paper_II.pdf (306.8Kb)Paper_III.pdf (447.7Kb)Paper_IV.pdf (254.2Kb)(more files) -
Seifu, Tensae Teshome (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: the may 2005 election was the first truly competitive multi-party election that ethiopia experienced in its recent political history URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3981 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (614.6Kb) -
Steele, Annfrid Rosøy (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The University of Tromsø started in the fall of 2010 a project called ‘University Schools.’ The project’s aim is to strengthen the praxis field in the teacher education programs. This involves a clearer focus on research and development, R&D, as a collaborative tool between the theoretical and the praxis field. My Ph.D. project is based on one of the Teacher Education Program’s goals which states that R&D, through all levels of the education, is going to be the tool to stronger connect the ties between theory and praxis and that again will help students to develop a stronger professional identity (Pilot I Nord). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4763 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (702.8Kb) -
Chakawarika, Bertha (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have gained a very high status as the leading practitioners of development in Africa. African governments have reacted obscurely to the existence of these agencies. Although they recognise the economic resources NGOs can raise, they tend to resist the political pluralisation contingent to popular development action. This article describes the role of NGOs in Zimbabwe and analyses the dynamics of government-NGO relations and the effects on promotion and protection of human rights. By means of comparative analysis of particular NGOs in Zimbabwe, the article illustrates the factors affecting sustainability of the NGOs. This thesis also explores the challenges faced by NGOs in trying to maintain sustainable promotion and protection of human rights in Zimbabwe. The political crisis that started mainly in the early 2000 until now stirred up grave human rights violations against both the civilians and the human rights defenders. The government’s dominant rule and manipulation of the political process through fabricated charges, arbitrary arrest and corruption efficiently undermined the human rights of the citizens. This political environment created many challenges for the NGOs, with some leaving the country or stopping their operations totally, some managed to sustain themselves through these challenges and they are still operating. Through the use of comparative analysis, this paper explores four NGOs to find an answer as to why some manage to sustain themselves, and the effects of lack of sustainability to the beneficiaries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3499 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (528.3Kb) -
Seguya, Neema (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 19-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: The research investigated the reasons for the failed Juba peace talks between the Government of Uganda and the Lord's Resistance Army/Movement, mediated by the Government of Southern Sudan. Specifically the challenges faced by the different parties to the negotiations, the impact of the local, regional and international environment on the outcome of the peace process and the perspectives for a peaceful resolution of the conflict according to the three major actors. As noted, there have been varying views as to why the Juba peace talks failed. Previous studies have tended to be one-sided, focusing on the views of just one party to the conflict. No comprehensive study has been carried out - one that takes into consideration the views of the key players to the talks. The study was guided by the theory of Complex Political Emergencies (CPEs), and how the characteristics of CPE's present challenges when it comes to resolution of conflicts. The field research focused on the two districts of Kampala and Gulu. The research was based on qualitative data collection, a case study approach which included; the purposive selection of respondents, in-depth interviews, audio-visual data, media monitoring and documentation. Data was solicited from 25 participants in the talks; 10 from the GoU, and another 10 from the LRA, and 5 members of the monitoring team. Findings established that there were a number of challenges to the talks, challenges that were not met with strategies. The talks were also not located within the broader regional and international arena, and the study concludes by observing that more time should have been dedicated to the preparation for the talks. Sensitivity should have been given to the unique nature of the conflict, and this should have guided the best mode to tackle resolution of the conflict. The study concludes by recommending a more broadened approach to the resolution of the northern Uganda conflict - one that first addresses the security needs of the affected communities, as well as the reintegration of the rebels back into the communities, and a strategy that addresses spoilers to the peace talks, and children abducted by the rebels. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2478 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.744Mb) -
Maniraguha, Jean Pierre (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Mar-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: In post-war societies, the challenges associated with reintegration of returnees may contribute to the re-ignition of violence and armed conflict. But, despite recognition of this fact, the factors which make refugee return and reintegration sustainable are generally underresearched. This thesis deals with the reintegration of Burundian returnees in the aftermath of ethnic-based violence and civil war during the years 1993-2000. The study identifies the nature of the main challenges for returnee reintegration in Burundi, exploring how addressing or failing to address these challenges may affect the possibilities for conflict transformation and durable peace. It is based on qualitative research employing multiple methods and sources, including field work in Burundi. The study’s theoretical framework is informed by various approaches, including theories on state building and concepts such as “failed state” and "sustainable livelihood". This model helps to explain not only the underlying and multifaceted causes of the conflict, but also the dynamics of forced displacement in Burundi. The thesis findings indicate that refugees experience and livelihoods are key factors affecting their access to basic services and land for cultivation and establishing homesteads upon return. The thesis suggests that addressing land issues for landless returnees and improving the social infrastructure should be a priority in conflict transformation efforts aiming for a durable peace in Burundi. Without returnees' (and others') access to land and other key livelihood opportunities, the reintegration of returning refugees might fail to the extent that it may jeopardise the Burundian hard-won stability. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3212 File(s) in this item: 2
Errata.pdf (8.765Kb)thesis.pdf (4.032Mb) -
Iversen, Anniken Telnes (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 22-Feb-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: ”Change and Continuity: The Bildungsroman in English.” Begrepet bildungsroman har vært brukt i litteraturvitenskapen i nesten 100 år, men det har hersket voldsom uenighet om hva det betyr, om genren finnes utenfor opphavslandet Tyskland og om den fortsatt skrives i dag. Avhandlingen erstatter mer tradisjonelle genredefinisjoner med The Bildungsroman Index (BRI), som består av 96 typiske trekk. I stedet for å definere genren ved hjelp av noen få egenskaper bøkene må ha, bruker jeg et stort antall typiske kjennetegn. Indeksen er inspirert av prototype-teori, polytetisk klassifikasjon, Wittgensteins begrep om familielikhet og psykologisk diagnostikk. Den måler en romans likheter med den klassiske engelske bildungsromantradisjonen. I avhandlingens andre og tredje del brukes BRI i analysen av 11 romaner. Først sammenlignes de fire klassikerne som indeksen er bygd på: Wilhelm Meister (1796), Jane Eyre (1847), David Copperfield (1849-59) og Great Expectations (1861). Huckleberry Finn (1885) diskuteres kort fordi den så ofte regnes som den store amerikanske bildungsromanen. Deretter analyserer jeg fire romaner fra 1900-tallet: Of Human Bondage (1915), The Catcher in the Rye (1951), The Diviners (1974) og The Cider House Rules (1985). Del tre består av to grundigere analyser av John Fowles The Magus and Paul Austers Moon Palace. Analysene viser at et stort antall trekk er videreført fra Goethe, Dickens og Brontë til dagens litteratur. Typiske trekk for genren omfatter både synsvinkel, personer, handling, struktur og endepunkt for utviklingen hovedpersonens utvikling. Gamle som nye romaner kombinerer to synsvinkler; den unge personen som utvikler seg og den voksne som ser tilbake på sin egen utvikling. En sentral metafor som går igjen er det å ”se”; utviklingen beskrives ofte som en endring der hovedpersonen ser seg selv og verden stadig klarere. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2486 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.469Mb) -
Iversen, Anniken Telnes (Journal article, 2005)[+][-]
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Vasilchikova, Oxana (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 21-Jun-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: The Great Patriotic War was one of the cruelest wars of the twentieth century. Especially great suffering in the USSR it brought to children. They grew up very quickly. This generation did not have childhood; their childhood was embedded in the war. Keeping their war memories alive Galina and Slava Lebedevy as one of the representatives of this generation decided to establish an organization named "Children burnt by war" in Arkhangelsk putting as their main aim the transmission of their knowledge to young generations as a means of creating continuity in society. My initial hypothesis when starting my research was that the war was a major social event that had a decisive influence on the formation of the identities of the elderly people who experienced the war in their early childhood, and that this could be seen as the motivation behind the establishment of this organization. As I started to analyze their narratives and follow their lifelines I discovered that there were other important factors involved. The creation of the organization of the Lebedevys was also a way of adaptation to new conditions of life: lacking support from the state after the breakdown of the USSR they started their struggle for social justice to enhance the life of the people of their generation. They wanted to restore their position in the new society, to regain dignity and counteract the rapidly decreasing respect from the younger generations. Through the establishment of the organization, they have become actively involved themselves into the political life of the city and the country in order to be heard, understood and recognized. Today their organization has a very important meaning and brings positive motivation to the lives of the elderly in Arkhangelsk. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3460 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (480.1Kb) -
Makwinja, Simon Matthias (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 28-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: The study attempts to determine the extent to which child labour constitutes a violation of child rights. The international documents, especially the CRC, depart from the universal conception of childhood, making children all over the world the same and deserving similar treatment, more so claiming their rights. Using the case of child workers on tea and tobacco estates in Malawi, it examines the notion of childhood which forms the basis to any child rights claims. Employing the cultural politics of childhood, the essay argues that childhood on which child rights are founded is a contested notion. Children are valued differently in all societies across the world. Additionally, the thesis argues that education proposed as a panacea for child labour is also a contested field as its aims and values vary across societies. The western education system may not be the ideal for the lives of children working on tea and tobacco estates. Thus, the basis on which child rights are based, and the proposition of schooling as solution remain problematic in the abolition of child rights. The thesis concludes by recommending the capability approach which provides an alternative to the understanding and protection human rights, children’s rights included. In the capability approach, the end (substantive opportunities) must be achieved freely (freedom of processes) through the most efficient and available means of sustaining economic life, security and welfare of people. The capability approach treats human rights and education from a holistic perspective. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2548 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (346.6Kb) -
Chhetri, Kishore Kumar (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 29-May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: This dissertation attempts to contextualize the practice of child labour in Bhutan by examining various socio-economic and cultural aspects. By reviewing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, this dissertation looks into the policies, Acts and strategies adopted by the Royal Government of Bhutan in reducing child labour. It describes various characteristics of child labour in Bhutan. It also provides an analysis of domestic child labour in the country. The study is mostly based on pragmatic observations and explanatory narrative approach in which children have expressed their real life experiences while at work. Findings are also based on interviews conducted with other actors from both the government sectors and NGOs who work to promote and protect child rights in Bhutan. Few theoretical assumptions have been considered to understand the underpinning causes of child labour. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3501 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (169.4Kb) -
Macomber, Marci (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Recent peace processes have led to the demobilisation of tens of thousands of children from armed groups around the world. An understanding of the initial motivations and subsequent experiences of these children is crucial in ensuring that their needs are met once they are safe from harm. This understanding is largely informed by the work of international human rights organisations (HROs). While these organisations are working for the good of the children, they will also always have an element of self-interest in sustaining their activities. This study draws upon an analytical framework that combines elements of framing theory and discourse analysis. Using this framework as both a theoretical and methodological tool, the study examines how the understanding of child soldiers is constructed by leading HROs, particularly with respect to their exercise of agency, and seeks to critique these representations against alternative perspectives. The dissertation then explores both the potential ways in which the discourse could be seen to work in the interests of the organisations by appealing to various social structures and the extent to which it serves the best interest of the child. The study concludes by arguing that the HRO discourse is not dismissive of agency, but that the impact of their work on the well-being of demobilised child soldiers would benefit from the adoption of a more direct and consistent approach in this regard. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3508 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (461.9Kb) -
Skare, Roswitha (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 04-Jun-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Christa Wolfs "Was bleibt" (i svensk oversettelse 1991 under tittelen "Vad blir kvar") står i sentrum av denne avhandlingen som undersøker dens kontekst, paratekst og tekst. Utgangspunktet for avhandlingen er observasjonen at den så kalte tysk-tyske litteraturstriden – som startet i juni 1990 i de store vesttyske avisene Die Zeit og Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung – egentlig ikke handler om teksten, men ble brukt som påskudd for å delegitimere forfatteren politisk. Ved siden av avhandlingens innledning der dens tema og oppbygning blir presentert og det blir redegjort for det teoretisk-metodiske grunnlaget, består avhandlingen av 3 kapitler som går inn på bokas kontekst (først og fremst den historisk-politiske rammen fra 1970-tallet og frem til murens fall og Tysklands gjenforening), dens paratekst (ved siden av de forskjellige bokutgivelser og omslag blir det fokusert på manuskripter til teksten, teksten i forskjellige medier og til slutt en innholdsanalyse av litteraturstriden) og tekst, før det i et avsluttende kapittel blir sett på forholdet mellom tekst og dokument. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1412 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis_Skare.pdf (3.649Mb) -
Skare, Roswitha (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, Aug-2003)[+][-]
Abstract: Christa Wolf – one of the most famous East German writers – published a little story called What remains in the summer of 1990. Written in the late seventies under the GDR regime but first published after the opening of the Berlin Wall, What remains caused a great stir in the almost reunified Germany known as the Christa-Wolf-Debate. Especially in big German newspapers like Die Zeit or Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, but also in the smaller local ones, German intellectuals for years were discussing the moral responsibilities of the writer and the politics of literature and literary criticism. All the critics refer to one literary text, not taking into consideration that there might be a unit of documents caused by several editions and several versions. In this paper I therefore would like to examine what kind of influence these variants might have on the interpretation of the text. In relation to this, I also want to take a closer look on what Gerald Genette (1987) calls the ”paratext” of a text and its consequences for the public ”epitext”. In this context I will also discuss the fact that an important part of the artistic documentation – the several versions of a text which may be found in private or public archives – are seldom or never considered as relevant by literary critics who only relate to the ”finished” product. Description: Paper presented at DOCAM ’03, University of California, Berkeley, August 13-15, 2003 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1092 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (2.011Mb) -
Andersen, Marit (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-Nov-2007)[+][-]
Abstract: Die Arbeit ist eine Zusammenfassung von den Verfolgungen der Ketzer von den ersten Jahrhunderten bis an das 17. Jahrhundert. Die Untersuchung dieser Verfolgungen zeigt, dass die katholische Kirche und vorher die Heiden und Juden immer die Ketzer verfolgten, aufgrund, dass die Ketzer von den Leuten beliebt waren, und deshalb die Macht und die Positionen der Geistlichkeit und der Obrigkeit drohten. Die Geschichte dieser Ketzer findet man in Gottfried Arnolds Kirchen- und Ketzerhistorie, die eine besondere Kirchengeschichte ist. Sie lässt die Ketzer in den Vordergrund treten, während die Geistlichkeit der offiziellen Kirche als Ketzermacher dargestellt werden. Die Kirchen- und Ketzerhistorie, die auch die KKH genannt wird, ist von einem sehr gelehrten Mann geschrieben, der seine eigene Quellen gesammelt hatte, und von niemand widersprochen werden konnte. Sie ist als eine Verfallsgeschichte der ursprünglichen christlichen Gemeinde geschrieben, die besonders nach der Zeit Konstantins immer mehr verweltlicht wurde. Arnold schob unkritisch jahrhundertealte Lehrmeinungen beiseite und revolutionierte die damalige gesamte kirchengeschichtliche Betrachtungsweise. Die KKH ist nicht wie eine Chronologie geschrieben, sie wird aber chronologisch, weil sie von Jahrhundert zu Jahrhundert geschrieben ist. Und eine durchgehende Struktur dieser Ketzergeschichte ist, dass wann immer die Umgebung der Christen ihren Glauben fürchtete, die Christen zum Ketzer gemacht und verfolgt wurden. Noch eine Struktur, die man in der KKH findet, ist, dass aus einer freien Gemeinde sich oft eine Machtstruktur entwickelte. Diese Struktur unterdrückt die ursprüngliche Mentalität der Gruppe und ausstieß diejenigen, die beständig blieben. Die Entwicklung von Gruppestruktur einer Gemeinde, ist mit Jan Assmanns kulturelle Gedächtnistheorie zu behaupten versucht. Diese Arbeit ist eigentlich eine zusammenhängende Kritik auf die Geistlichkeit der katholischen Kirche, die die Ketzer nicht duldete, weil sie ihre Macht und Ehre drohten. Aber heute gehört die Ketzergeschichte Arnolds zum Archiv, weil man von ungefähr 300 Jahre nicht von solchen Ketzer gehört hat, von denen darüber Arnold schrieb. Die Arbeit ist in zwei Teile geteilt. Erst die Einleitung, die über Arnold und sein Buch erzählt. Dann kommt der Hauptteil, wo man über unterschiedliche Ketzerverfolgungen lesen kann. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1323 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (960.3Kb) -
Sørum, Rannveig Aulie (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Nov-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis looks at CISV, a peace education organization that works with children and youth, teaching multi-cultural understanding by gathering children and youth at international camps, in order to demount inter-group stereotypes and prevent prejudice. The underlying idea behind CISV is simple. "You wouldn't go to war against your own friends". From a theoretical point of view, CISV is founded on the positive contact hypothesis by Gordon Allport. My question is then: How does CISV work to meet the conditions required for positive contact to reduce prejudice and racism, and does it succeed? I did my fieldwork in a CISV program called Village, a short-term peace education program designed for 11 year old children to make “global friendship”. The CISV Village was hosted by a local chapter of CISV Norway, where I was a member of the staff. My staff role gave me the chance to plan and prepare for the village, and a chance to see CISV as an insider and as an outsider, or as my main method of research was, as a participant observer. My previous involvement in CISV was what gave me the chance to be a staff at a village, to sit on the board of CISV Troms and to get involved in CISV Norway as a national organization. This gave me background information. However, a fieldwork during a camp in 2009 gave me the additional information I needed to answer my questions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3959 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.092Mb)
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