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Browsing Fakultet for humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og lærerutdanning by Author
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Iden, Sandra Milena (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 17-May-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Denne oppgaven tar for seg frivillighet og integrasjon. Oppgaven retter søkelyset frivillige organisasjoners tiltak for å innlemme innvandrere i det norske samfunnet, mer spesifikt Tromsø. studiet tar opp faktorer som hemmer og fremme et mer gjensidig og likeverdig forhold mellom ”frivillige” og ”brukere” i organisasjoners aktiviteter. Lokale prosesser for innlemmelse i Tromsø er også influert av nasjonale debatter om integrasjon og norskhet, et faktum som også regulere samhandlingen mellom majoritet .og minoritet befolkningen i Tromsø. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3466 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (873.0Kb) -
Igiriogu, Francis Anayochukwu Chinemerem (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 22-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: This study promotes ‘functional concept of jurisdiction’ by examining the extraterritorial jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights, how the court exercises its authority when violation takes place outside the territory of the violating State. This is done with the aid of doctrinal analysis, by relying on international law, case laws, legal principles and concepts and the writings of scholars as its material basis. The aim is to make the case laws of the European Court of Human Rights much clearer and hence minimize the frustration occasioned by the inconsistency of its case laws in the national courts of the Council of Europe members. Reflection into the basic human rights jurisdictional clauses shows that there is a lacuna in the jurisdictional clause of the European Convention on Human Rights in Article 1 which requires the State parties to secure to everyone ‘within their jurisdiction’ the rights in the convention. This provision is anachronistic since it encourages territorial focus in this age of globalization. It is time to revise this provision so that it will be in tune with the contemporary jurisdictional clause that requires States to secure the convention rights to everyone ‘subject to their jurisdiction’ broadly speaking as found in more recent human rights treaties. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5108 File(s) in this item: 1
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Inayat, Mahvish (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 22-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The inclusion of Universal Primary Education in the Millennium Development Goals; to ensure that by 2015, Education for All become a reality speaks volumes about the importance of education to development. Education permeates through a number of human rights, providing a basis for the education of human rights. For this reason, education is cited as a top priority in development policy. Pakistan is amongst a few countries which are struggling to achieve Universal Primary Education, and making Education for All a reality. The official literacy rate is estimated at 54%, however, independent sources place the literacy rate at 26% . Pakistan faces a number of challenges to raise literacy levels; primarily the lack of budgetary allocations. Numerous donor agencies have tried to support Pakistan’s endeavour to raise literacy levels. USAID features quite prominently in the list of donor agencies, which operates large scale education programmes. USAID funded the Education Sector Reform Assistance (ESRA) programme, in collaboration with Pakistan’s Ministry of Education, which was implemented in Sindh and Balochistan. The programme aimed to improve the access and quality of education in Pakistan. However, ESRA was not able to achieve its goal, as it brought no significant improvement to the access or quality of basic education imparted in Pakistan. This study explores factors which contribute to ESRA’s ineffectiveness. Primarily, the study argues for culturally conscious, and contextualised education reform interventions, which are inclusive of religious institutes/madrassas; an influential stakeholder in the Pakistani education system. The absence of madrassas did not only exclude an important stakeholder from the education reform process, but also alienated the populations growing demand for religious education. Taking the theory of cultural relativism into consideration, this study concludes that the inclusion of essential cultural and religious actors can make a consider difference in the outcomes of education reform interventions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5091 File(s) in this item: 1
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Iosad, Pavel (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 18-Feb-2013)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of the phonological patterns of two varieties of Brythonic Celtic in the framework of substance-free phonology. I argue that cross-linguistic variation in sound patterns does not derive solely from differences in grammars (implemented as Optimality Theoretic constraint rankings). Instead, I adopt the substance-free framework, based on the principle of modularity and autonomy of the phonological component, to account for cross-linguistic phonological and phonetic variation. Phonological representations in substance-free phonology are built up without regard to the physical implementation of phonological units, on the basis of the system of contrasts and patterns of alternation. Although this insight is not new when couched in terms of a language-specific assignment of a set of universal phonological features, I argue that the mapping between phonology and phonetics is also not universal and deterministic, and reject the universality of the feature set. Instead, I argue for a rich interface between phonology and phonetics. Based on this understanding of the nature of variation, I provide a holistic analysis of the sound systems of two closely related languages: Pembrokeshire Welsh and Bothoa Breton. I propose an account in terms of a rich representational theory. Among other proposals, I defend the need for surface ternary contrasts, which I propose to implement using feature geometry. I also show that the substance-free approach, which decouples phonological representation from phonetic realization, strikes the correct balance between innatist and emergentist approaches to phonological markedness; I demonstrate this by way of an extensive case study of laryngeal phonology, which leads to a reinterpetation of the approach known as 'laryngeal realism'. I also argue that the phonological component of grammar should allow constraints with prima facie undesirable factorial consequences, if such constraints are needed to account for functionally unmotivated sound patterns, and discuss the consequences of this approach for the substance-free nature of phonological computation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4794 File(s) in this item: 1
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Iosad, Pavel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: This paper proposes an account of final devoicing in Friulian which relies on contrastive feature specification and feature geometry to explicate the connection between final devoicing and vowel lengthening. It is proposed that obstruents which are the outcome of final devoicing are phonologically distinct from true voiceless obstruents, being completely unspecified for laryngeal features. It is argued that the representational deficiency of such delaryngealized obstruents is directly connected to their inability to license a mora, which opens the way to vowel lengthening. More generally, the paper shows how feature geometrymay be adapted to capture the effects of contrastive specification and express markedness relations, and proposes a novel approach to hierarchies involving the sonority of coda segments. Description: This is the submitted version of the paper. Published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2012.03.004 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4099 File(s) in this item: 1
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Iosad, Pavel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Much recent work concentrates on the role of sonority in the phenomenon of vowel reduction, capitalizing on the two facts that reduction involves raising and/or shortening and that higher vowels and schwa are normally interpreted as having low sonority. This paper presents a different approach to vowel reduction in Standard Russian. It is proposed that the apparent sonority-driven effects in Russian are epiphenomenal. In particular, reduction to schwa is outside of the domain of phonological computation in Russian, being an artifact of reduced duration. Other types of neutralization arising in vowel reduction are potentially amenable to a sonority-based analysis, but I argue that current approaches to sonority-driven reduction suffer from representational shortcomings. When these shortcomings are rectified, however, sonority is unnecessary as an explicit factor in vowel reduction: standard markedness mechanisms are enough to explain the data. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3605 File(s) in this item: 1
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Isaksen, Bente (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Dec-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Arkeologisk materiale som har blitt knyttet til en sosial, politisk og kulturell elite, har blant annet vært graver og hus hvor det har blitt lagt ned tid og ressurser. Denne oppgaven diskuterer forskjeller og likheter ved fire kulturminner som er knyttet til en sosial, politisk og militær elite. Kulturminnene er dobbeltgrava i Bø i Steigen, haug 2. i Högom, Raknehaugen i Ullensaker og Borg i Lofoten. Ved å studere skriftlige kilder, kan det trekkes analogier som forteller om samfunnet. En stor haug har blitt satt i sammenheng med ytre fiender og et behov for markere sin egen posisjon. En liten haug trenger derimot ikke å bety at det ikke var konflikter mellom ulike grupperinger. Har det vært mye gravgods i haugen, kan det bety at konfliktene har vært innad i samfunnet og ikke med andre grupper. Å bli gravlagt med våpenutstyr, smykker eller gjenstander som glass, kjeler eller hesteutstyr styrker teoriene om troen på at menneskene fortsatte å leve etter døden, men i en annen sfære parallelt med denne. De samme teoriene kan knyttes til hallen på Borg. Det var tydelig i terrenget og kan ha vist styrke gjennom størrelsen. Men også på innsiden var det flotte gjenstander, disse kan derimot ha vært beregnet på de som allerede hadde inngått en allianse. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2530 File(s) in this item: 1
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Isaksen, Elin (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Denne avhandlingen har undersøkt den strategiske bruken av fortellinger i organisasjoner, et fenomen som gjerne kalles Storytelling eller Corporate storytelling. Avhandlingen har undersøkt hvordan konsulenter, fortrinnsvis i Norge, har skaffet seg kunnskap om fenomenet og satt det ut i praksis. Den metodiske tilnærmingen er review av konseptlitteratur, kombinert med kvalitative intervju med et utvalg konsulenter som bruker storytelling som verktøy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1951 File(s) in this item: 1
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Isaksen, Eva (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 14-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Hvalbeinsplater er flate, tilnærmet rektangulære plater av hvalbein. De fleste plater har dyrehodeutskjæringer på den ene kortsida og ornamentikk i form av punktsirkler, kantborder og kantlinjer. Platene har en norrøn kontekst og er datert til sen merovingertid – tidlig vikingtid. De fleste platene er funnet langs kysten fra Trøndelag til Troms. Det er også funnet hvalbeinsplater i Sør-Skandinavia og på de britiske øyene. Det har vært ulike teorier om hva hvalbeinsplatene kan ha vært brukt til. Dagens rådende teori er at hvalbeinsplatene var fortidens strykeunderlag. Det empiriske grunnlaget for å hevde at hvalbeinsplater er blitt brukt til strykebrett er heller svakt og det er behov for en revurdering av hvalbeinsplatenes praktiske funksjon. Denne oppgaven gir en beskrivelse av alle hvalbeinsplater. I oppgaven blir det sett nærmere på funnkonteksten til de norske hvalbeinsplatene. De fleste platene er funnet i rike kvinnegraver og på gårder med arkeologiske indikasjoner på høy status. Noen av platene har bruksspor i form av huggespor, skjærespor og glattere partier. Med utgangspunkt i bruksspor og funnkontekst blir det foreslått at hvalbeinsplatene kan ha vært benyttet som matfat eller serveringsunderlag, gjerne i forbindelse med gilder og større sammenkomster. I tillegg til en praktisk funksjon kan platene ha hatt en symbolsk mening. Vevsverd og hvalbeinsplater er flere ganger blitt funnet sammen og begge gjenstandene kan ses i sammenheng med den norrøne husfruefunksjonen. Dyreornamentikken på hvalbeinsplatene kan også ha vært et symbol på herskerelitens makt. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4308 File(s) in this item: 1
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Isaksen, Heidi (Journal article, 2005)[+][-]
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Isaksen, Kjellaug (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 18-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Sápmis kunst i globaliseringens tid er hjemme både i det lokale og det globale. Oppgavens utgangspunkt er å sette Sápmis samtidskunst inn i en lokal og en global kontekst, gjennom refleksjoner rundt hva kunsten forteller og hvordan den plasseres inn i en global sammenheng, og forhåpentligvis gjennom refleksjon gi et bidrag som kan fortelle om Sápmis kunst der den befinner seg på den internasjonale samtidskunstscenen i dag. Dette er gjort med utgangspunkt i kunstfilmen Silbaduoddariid duohkin/ Bak sølvviddene/ Behind the Silverwiths, 2005, av Gjert Rognli, den skulpturelle installasjonen, Koivun alla/ Soahki vuolde/ Under a birch, 2008, av Outi Pieski og et interaktivt installasjonsprosjekt, Territorial Holiday, 2004, av Svein Flygari Johansen. Kunstnere som befinner seg i relasjon til Sápmi skaper fortellinger om en verden der kulturelle og politiske brytninger kommer innenfra og utenfra, og om en verden der de er hjemme både i det lokale og det globale. Endringer i samfunnet byr på nye utfordringer og kunstneriske praksiser endrer seg stadig. Kunsten får nye uttrykk gjennom bruk av samtidskunstens strategier og ved å berøre aktuelle temaer i dagens samfunn. Et anliggende i oppgaven er spørsmålsstillinger omkring innflytelsen samfunnsendringene og globaliseringsprosessene har på kunsten og hvordan dette kommer til uttrykk i Sápmi kunst. Videre spørres det om kunsten ansporer diskurser i det samiske samfunnet og kunstverden, og gjennom undersøkelse av kunsten i en samtidskontekst finne svar å jobbe ut fra. Blikket rettes fremover, men og bakover for å finne en forbindelse til et historisk fundament. Ikke for å bli i fortiden, men for om mulig, å kaste et nytt lys over Sápmis kunst. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2778 File(s) in this item: 1
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Isaksen, Torbjørn (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Denne rapporten er en analyse av historier skrevet i løpet av høsten 2004, i samband med et kulturutviklingsprosjekt ved et norsk foretak i finansbransjen. Narrativ metode ble benyttet i utviklingsprosessen. Materialet besto av 68 historier fra foretakets ulike avdelinger, og oppdraget som medarbeiderne ble gitt, var å ”gi en ærlig beskrivelse av kvaliteten i egen avdeling”. Under kulturutviklingsprosjektet tok foretaket selv ansvar for å behandle materialet og trekke de nødvendige konklusjonene. Hensikten med min rapport var å gi en uavhengig analyse som foretaket kunne sammenligne egne konklusjoner med. Slik sett kunne dette karakteriseres som en ”second opinion studie”. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2292 File(s) in this item: 1
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Islam, Md.Rafiqul (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 09-Jun-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: This thesis work is mainly focused on the Garos’ cultural changes related to their marriage rituals and comparative situations. From a comparative perspective the study compared between a plain land Garo village, which is to some extent with some urban facilities, and a forest surrounded remote Garo village. The leading research questions are: ‘Why is the Garo culture changing?’ and ‘What are the rituals and steps observed for establishing Garo marriage?’ These issues have been the focus throughout the whole thesis. The project also aims to discuss the Garos’ historical origin and cultural characteristics. The study reveals that Garos’ traditional cultural practices have been changing a lot and over the course of time they are getting quite a new cultural setting. Some internal and external factors are mainly responsible for Garos’ cultural changes. Finally, while the Garo society is changing then they are discarding many of their distinguished traits and adapting to some other cultural traits. In fact, the process of these changes had started before. However, still today they practice many of their traditional cultural traits. The comparative study findings between the two villages show that despite many similarities, there are very few ritualistic differences between the villages, but comparatively remote Garo village’s culture and tradition are to some extent in less detriment. In these discussions modernization has come as an important factor which is influencing the entire Bangladeshi society as well as the Garos. Under the process of these changes, some aspects of Garos’ future cultural identity have also been addressed. In doing so both historical and empirical data was used; historical data was collected from secondary sources, such as published books, census reports, journals, articles, and souvenir. Empirical data has been gathered from intensive fieldwork, through oral histories, informal interviews and case study methods. The field investigation was conducted in two villages; Pirgacha and Gaira of Modhupur, Tangali, Bangladesh in June-August 2007. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1552 File(s) in this item: 1
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Islam, Md. Rakibul (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 31-May-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Maternal health of indigenous people is poorer than the non-indigenous people across the world which is also true in the Bangladesh context. However, little research has been done among indigenous people in Bangladesh. As a result, the present study was conducted among the Mru indigenous people to comprehend their maternal health status and the factors associated with it. The study was carried out in three upazilas (administrative sub-districts) namely Alikadam, Lama and Thanchi of the Bandarban district and a part of CHT, the south-eastern part of Bangladesh where most of the Mru people live. In this research, a mixed method approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods, was employed. A total of 374 currently married women having at least one child aged less than five years old or women having at least one delivery experience were interviewed purposively from three upazilas. On the other hand, a total of 26 in-depth interviews were conducted among people from different stratas of the Mru community from those three upazilas. Finally, the collected data was presented using uni-variate, bi-variate and multivariate analyses. The study showed that maternal health was poor among the Mru women and less than one-third of the Mru women had access to health care services which might be one of the key reasons for their poor health. Their access to maternal health care services was beyond geographical, linguistic, cultural and economic reach. By and large, the major problems and complications Mru women faced during their pregnancy, delivery and after delivery were headache, blurry vision, high blood pressure, cough or fever, excess vomiting tendency, morning sickness, excessive hemorrhage, obstructed labour, prolonged labour, eclampsia, premature rupture of membrane, anemia, post-partum hemorrhage, perineal tears and swelling of the legs and body. The study also revealed that one out of every nine women visited for antenatal care while only one out of sixteen women visited for postnatal care in the Mru society. More than half of the respondents reported that they did not receive any antenatal or postnatal care due to the long distance to the service center as well as lack of transportation facilities. The study also demonstrated that delivery care and current use of contraception were also low among the Mru mothers as compared to xiii Bengali mothers. Almost all deliveries were home-based deliveries assisted by traditional midwives. About forty per cent of the respondents have heard of family planning methods and only one-fourth of them were current users of contraceptives. The factors associated with low antenatal and postnatal cares and contraception use were age, mothers’ education and occupation, husbands’ education and occupation, religion, place of residence, place of service provided in the locality, distance of the service centers and exposure to mass media of radio, television and newspaper. Maternal mortality also seemed to be higher in the community due to the delivery practices done by the traditional midwives. Traditional beliefs and practices after delivery were also responsible for their high deaths rate. This high maternal morbidity and mortality rate in the Mru society was interwoven with multiple factors that could be classified into three major aspects. First, socio- economic and cultural factors were functioning through their effect on the Mru mothers. Secondly, spatial factors which include geographic settings and proximity and road infrastructure was one of the significant constraints to access to health care services resulting in poor health. Finally, clinical factors that consist of every aspect of obstetric knowledge and education of both women and midwives and availability of care were totally absent in the society. This maternal morbidity and mortality was somewhat consistent with the historic experiences of western countries in seventeenth and eighteenth century. The present study is concluded with urgent requests for implementation of special health care strategies. For instance, the development of obstetric care and maternal health programs, replacement of existing traditional midwives by well-trained midwives, community-based collaborative strategy and most importantly to train the young Mru girls as midwives, particularly those that are bilingual and educated. Along with this significant strategy, socioeconomic development, Mru language- based maternal health education and family planning programs with a special emphasis on awareness through mass media may have a significant influence on maternal health status of the Mru community. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3538 File(s) in this item: 1
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Issah, Samuel Alhassan (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 16-Jul-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: This research investigates information structuring in Dagbani, a Gur language spoken in Ghana. It is claimed that the particles ka, n and la are very central in information packaging in Dagbani. I claim that whilst the post verbal particle la, marks background on the linguistic material that precedes it and new information on what follows it (where the background does not have to be presupposed and the new information does not have to be exhaustive), ka and n encode identificational focus. Following Minimalist assumptions about movement: Chomsky (1995), Radford (1997), and Sabel (2000), I argue that a constituent that is marked with identificational focus undergoes syntactic movement to the Specifier of Foc in order to check a feature associated with the head. This movement creates the needed Spec-head configuration, which is an essential syntactic requirement for the checking of features associated with the head. It is argued that the encoding of identificational focus is a morphosyntactic property in Dagbani. It is further assumed that the feature specification on the Dagbani lexicon must be strong which is what invariably triggers the movement of the focused constituents to Spec Foc. I also argue in favour of analysing Dagbani ex-situ focus constructions as monoclausals rather than biclausal or clefts as in Fiedler, and Schwarz, (2005) and Fusheini (2006). It is also argued that though ka and n encode identificational/exhaustive focus, the two particles have some differences. For instance; it is observed that n occurs in the contexts of the so-called “all new information” in the contexts of wh-questions, whilst ka does not. Also whilst n only attracts the closest DP within the clausal structure, ka can be used in successive cyclic movement. Thus, n is not really a Foc head in Dagbani, but to get an exhaustive reading on the subject, the subject must always undergo movement to the n head before moving to Spec FocP. The head is hypothesized to be FinP. I also argue that the structural asymmetry that has been observed of focused constituents in Dagbani, might not be as “strict” an asymmetry as researchers have noticed, since it is possible for ka (traditionally assumed mark focus on adjuncts and non-subject constituents) to focus subject constituents of embedded clauses. It will be argued that the post verbal particle la marks presentational focus. It will further be argued that what precedes la gives background information and what follows it is new information. However, the background does not have to be presupposed and the new information does not also have to be exhaustive. The argument is made that, this is different from the [+Foc] feature which partitions the sentence into a presupposed part and an exhaustively focused part. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1616 File(s) in this item: 1
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Itaborahy, Lucas Paoli (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 21-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: This dissertation aimed at examining the achievements of the Federal Government of Brazil for lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transsexuals (LGBT), comparing the public policies established by the administrations of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) and Lula (2003-2010) to that community. This study particularly focused on investigating the factors responsible for the progressive reforms made by those governments in order to recognize the human rights of LBGTs in Brazil, and analyzing the relationship between the state and the LGBT Movement, the roles played and discourses employed by each of these actors in those reforms. Attention was also given to the social, economic and political conjuncture of the country, as well as the structures within the government and potential international and transnational influences. The research methods employed were Content Analysis and Discourse Analysis and the objects of my analyses were the following policies: Programa Nacional DST/AIDS, Programa Nacional de Direitos Humanos I, II and III, Programa Brasil sem Homofobia and the Plano Nacional LGBT. The data used were the actual content of those policies, official reports, speeches and articles, existing literature on the topic, as well as interviews performed by me and another author with LGBT activists and government officials. My study revealed that these activists introduced a rights-based discourse in their state-directed strategies which heavily influenced the government’s response to the AIDS crisis, with the incorporation of activists as executors of state policies. As a result of the steady engagement between these two actors, activists were able to expand the scope of the government’s actions from the health domain to the human rights field. Ultimately, the government turned activists into policy makers and progressively recognized LGBT rights in the public policy domain through discourses of human rights and full citizenship. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/5101 File(s) in this item: 1
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Ivarson, Elin Bjørnsdatter (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 21-May-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Denne oppgaven tar for seg forholdet mellom moderne industriell arbeidsorganisasjon, representert ved Lean production og læring, med spesiell vekt på den uformelle læringen, det vil si læring som finner sted som biprodukt av andre aktiviteter. Gjennom en casestudie kartlegges læringsrommet, definert som operatørenes muligheter til å lære gjennom det daglige arbeid, ved to avdelinger en Lean-bedrift, Jotun Fabrikker i Sandefjord. Hovedvekten legges på de strukturelle forhold som konstituerer læringsrommet; arbeidsoppgavenes kompleksitet, grad av autonomi, mulighet for problemløsing og eksperimentering, deltakelse i målformulering, planlegging og virksomhetsutvikling og mulighet for erfaringsutveksling og refleksjon. Deretter analyseres læringsrommet ut fra hva slags type logikk som er rådende; en produksjonslogikk med tilpasningsrettet læring som konsekvens eller en utviklingslogikk, med utviklingsrettet/innovativ læring som resultat. Analysen av datamaterialet gav følgende funn: Selv om forholdene tilsynelatende er kan være ganske identiske, kan læringsrommene likevel bli svært ulike, med ulike læringsmuligheter som resultat. Ulikhetene i læringsmulighetene kan imidlertid i liten grad sees som uttrykk for noe som har med Lean production å gjøre, men snarere som noe knyttet til ”lokale” forhold; det å ikke ha flere skift å ”standardisere seg mot” samt lite tilfang av nye produkter, skaper dårligere læringsmuligheter i forhold til den avdelingen som har tre skifts-løsning, og som oftere må forholde seg til nye produkter. Lean production kan bidra til å skape lærende arbeidsplasser gjennom arbeid med kontinuerlige forbedringer og standardisering, dersom prosessene: Involverer alle berørte deltakere. Drives ”nedenfra”. Gis tilstrekkelig tid til refleksjon. Støttes opp med tiltak som kvalifiserer den erfaringsbaserte læringen, for eksempel problemløsning sammen med eksperter. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1985 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (292.1Kb) -
Iversen, Anniken Telnes (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 22-Feb-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: ”Change and Continuity: The Bildungsroman in English.” Begrepet bildungsroman har vært brukt i litteraturvitenskapen i nesten 100 år, men det har hersket voldsom uenighet om hva det betyr, om genren finnes utenfor opphavslandet Tyskland og om den fortsatt skrives i dag. Avhandlingen erstatter mer tradisjonelle genredefinisjoner med The Bildungsroman Index (BRI), som består av 96 typiske trekk. I stedet for å definere genren ved hjelp av noen få egenskaper bøkene må ha, bruker jeg et stort antall typiske kjennetegn. Indeksen er inspirert av prototype-teori, polytetisk klassifikasjon, Wittgensteins begrep om familielikhet og psykologisk diagnostikk. Den måler en romans likheter med den klassiske engelske bildungsromantradisjonen. I avhandlingens andre og tredje del brukes BRI i analysen av 11 romaner. Først sammenlignes de fire klassikerne som indeksen er bygd på: Wilhelm Meister (1796), Jane Eyre (1847), David Copperfield (1849-59) og Great Expectations (1861). Huckleberry Finn (1885) diskuteres kort fordi den så ofte regnes som den store amerikanske bildungsromanen. Deretter analyserer jeg fire romaner fra 1900-tallet: Of Human Bondage (1915), The Catcher in the Rye (1951), The Diviners (1974) og The Cider House Rules (1985). Del tre består av to grundigere analyser av John Fowles The Magus and Paul Austers Moon Palace. Analysene viser at et stort antall trekk er videreført fra Goethe, Dickens og Brontë til dagens litteratur. Typiske trekk for genren omfatter både synsvinkel, personer, handling, struktur og endepunkt for utviklingen hovedpersonens utvikling. Gamle som nye romaner kombinerer to synsvinkler; den unge personen som utvikler seg og den voksne som ser tilbake på sin egen utvikling. En sentral metafor som går igjen er det å ”se”; utviklingen beskrives ofte som en endring der hovedpersonen ser seg selv og verden stadig klarere. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2486 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.469Mb) -
Iversen, Anniken Telnes (Journal article, 2005)[+][-]
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Iversen, Christine (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Jun-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: Tsjetsjenia erklærte selvstendighet i september 1991, tre måneder før Sovjetunionens oppløsning. Etter oppløsningen av Sovjetunionen ble selvstendighetskravet endret fra et krav om selvstendighet fra Sovjetunionen, til et krav om selvstendighet fra Russland. Konflikten mellom Tsjetsjenia og Russland defineres ofte som en separatistkonflikt, der Tsjetsjenia ønsker å bryte løs fra Russland og danne sin egen stat. Problemstillingen lyder som følgende: «Hvordan har politisk utvikling i Russland påvirket utviklingen av konflikten mellom Russland og Tsjetsjenia?» Oppgaven ser på hvordan politisk utvikling i Russland påvirket og påvirker de nasjonale spørsmål og håndtering av konflikten mellom Russland og Tsjetsjenia. Problemstillingen har en deskriptiv forutsetning og baserer seg på en kontekstuell tilnærming. Oppgaven tar form av en case-studie, og bruker kontekstuell metode. De kontekstuelle rammene for oppgaven er utviklingen mellom 1989 og 2012. I hovedsak er det samlet inn data som beskriver den politiske utviklingen fra slutten av 1980-årene og fram til i dag. Da dette er meget omfattende er det valgt ut enkelte områder av konteksten som fokuset i oppgaven ligger på, nemlig nasjonalisme og statsbygging. Problemstillingen analyseres følgende i lys av teori om identitetspolitikk/nasjonalisme, og begrepene stateness og liberty. Analysen har et spesielt fokus på dynamikken mellom den tsjetsjenske nasjonalistiske bevegelsen og den russiske responsen på separasjonskravet. Målet er å finne en årsaksforklaring på konfliktutviklingen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4492 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (914.1Kb)
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