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Aag, Ida Iversen; Parelius, Ina (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-Sep-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Resymé: Man regner med at rundt 4- 5 % av alle nyfødte har en medfødt misdannelse. I litteraturen står det at hjertefeil forekommer hyppigst, etterfulgt av urogenitale misdannelser. Barn med medfødte misdannelser utgjør en relativt stor gruppe av de barna som innlegges og følges opp poliklinisk ved barneavdelinger i Norge. Noen av disse barna presenterer svært kompliserte problemstillinger. I noen tilfeller kreves lang utredning før endelig diagnose stilles. Medisinsk fødselsregister (MFR) registrerer alle barn med medfødte misdannelser i Norge. Det kan likevel være mangler både ved den initiale registreringen og i de tilfellene hvor misdannelsene oppdages etter nyfødtperioden. Formålet med denne oppaven er derfor å beskrive forekomst og fordeling av medfødte misdannelser hos barn behandlet ved universitetessykehuset i Nord-Norge/ i Troms over en fem års periode. Dette har vi gjort gjennom en retrospektiv populasjonsbasert studie. Det viktigste funnet vårt er den totale forekomsten av medfødte misdannelser. Dersom vi går ut fra at alle barna i vårt materiale er født i Troms fylke, gir dette at medfødte misdannelser foreligger hos 7,6 % av alle nyfødte. Vi må anta at noen av barna i vårt materiale er født i Finnmark eller Nordland, samtidig som vi kan anta at det blant barn født i det aktuelle tidsrommet foreligger medfødte misdannelser som ennå ikke er blitt oppdaget. Man kan derfor tenke seg at den forekomsten vi har kommet frem til, ikke er så langt fra realiteten. Sammenlignet med tall fra MFR har vi registrert langt flere barn med misdannelser i den aktuelle perioden. Mens vi har registrert 796 barn med totalt 1059 misdannelser, viser tall fra MFR, at de bare har registrert til sammen 250 pasienter med èn eller flere misdannelser. Et annet viktig funn er at de vanligste misdannelsene foreligger i muskel og skjelett, og ikke i hjertet, som i utgangspunktet antatt. Hofteleddsdysplasi og klumpføtter bidrar i stor grad til dette. Medfødte hjertefeil er likevel hyppig forekommende, og ligger på andreplass etterfulgt av urogenitale misdannelser som tredje hyppigste hovedgruppe. De alvorligste misdannelsene ut fra dødsårsak er cyanotiske hjertefeil, lungehypoplasi av ulike årsaker og større kromosomfeil. Hovedkonklusjonen ut fra våre registreringer er at medfødte misdannelser foreligger hos en betydelig andel nyfødte. Det viser seg også at registreringen ved MFR ikke klarer å fange opp samtlige. Mange misdannelser oppdages etter nyfødtperioden, og det er derfor viktig å tenke på misdannelser differensialdiagnostisk ved sykdom. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1660 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (186.4Kb) -
Aarseth, Torill Brevig (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 15-Sep-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Formålet med denne oppgaven er å tilegne seg kunnskaper om sykdommen HIV/AIDS, og mor-til-barn smitte av HIV. Hovedfokuset vil ligge på smitteoverføring under amming, da dette er et tema jeg ikke synes er godt nok belyst i dagens samfunn. Oppgaven er en litteraturstudie der jeg har benyttet PubMed som database for kilder. Teoridelen er skrevet med lærebøker, og organisasjoners internettsider som kilder. Bruk av antiretroviral behandlingsprofylakse, keisersnitt og alternativer til amming, har i industrialiserte land redusert den samlede perinatale HIV-smitten til mindre enn 2 %. Uten intervensjon er den vertikale smitterisikoen blitt beskrevet fra 30-45 %, noe som fortsatt er realiteten for veldig mange kvinner i ressursfattige land. Å fremme amming har vært, og er fremdeles, et av de viktigste tiltakene for barneoverlevelse i utviklingsland. Omtrnt 14 % av barn som ammes av HIV-infiserte mødre vil få HIV overført gjennom brystmelk. For disse kvinnene er ikke morsmelkserstatning et reelt alternativ til amming da alternativ god ernæring ikke er tilgjengelig for de fleste, og hygieniske krav for å gjennomføre sikker bruk av morsmelkserstatning ikke er oppfylt. Fullamming, HAART til mor eller profylakse til barnet er vist å være lovende intervensjoner for å redusere HIV-smitte under amming. Enkle profylaktiske regimer er vist å gi veldig gode resultater, men innføringen av disse går veldig sakte. Mangel på helsepersonell, familieplanlegging, ressurser og politisk vilje til å prioritere temaet, gjør det vanskelig å sette i gang både større og mindre tiltak. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2845 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.735Mb) -
Aarsæther, Erling Johan; Røsner, Assami; Straumbotn, Espen; Busund, Rolf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The extension and the transmurality of the myocardial infarction are of high predictive value for clinical outcome. The aim of the study was to characterize the ability of longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain measured by 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) to predict the extent of necrosis in myocardial segments following acute myocardial infarction and to separate transmural necrotic segments from non-transmural necrotic segments in a full 18-segment porcine model. Methods 2D-STE strain was assessed in long- and short-axis following myocardial infarction in ten open-chest anesthetized pigs. Strain was defined according to systolic peak values. In segments displaying both negative and positive peaks, only the peak with the highest absolute value was utilized. Necrosis was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and expressed as percent of each myocardial segment. Results Significant correlations were found between the extension of necrosis and all measured parameters of myocardial deformation (p < 0.001), but was stronger for longitudinal strain (r2 = 0.52) than circumferential strain (r2 = 0.38) and radial strain (r2 = 0.23). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) for separating transmural necrotic segments (>50% necrosis) from predominantly viable segments (0–50% necrosis) was significantly larger for longitudinal strain (AUC = 0.98, CI = 0.97–1.00) when compared with circumferential strain (AUC = 0.91, CI = 0.84–0.97, p < 0.05) and radial strain (AUC = 0.90, CI = 0.83 – 0.96, p < 0.01), indicating a stronger ability of longitudinal strain to identify segments with transmural necrosis. Conclusion Peak strain values derived from 2D-STE correlate well with the extent of necrosis in myocardial segments following acute myocardial infarction. Longitudinal strain most accurately reflects myocardial segmental viability in this setting. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4855 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (1.023Mb) -
Aars, Marianne (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2006)[+][-]
Abstract: Denne rapporten er basert på er et aksjonsrettet prosjekt som har involvert et (ut)forskende partnerskap mellom tre studenter, fem praksisveiledere og to lærere. Vi har hatt studentenes læring i fokus og fulgt ulike læringsaktiviteter på ulike læringsarenaer over en periode på 5 mnd. Det har vært lærerikt for oss alle. Vi har reflektert over studenters læring og gjennom det: over vår egen virksomhet og de ulike arenaers betydning for studenters læringsutbytte. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2267 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (503.6Kb) -
Aars, Marianne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)[+][-]
Abstract: This article is based upon a study of 15 students’ learning, educated within a part-time, decentralised and net-supported bachelor program in physiotherapy. The program was found to educate students with skills and attributes which are most needed for health care workers of tomorrow. The research questions were: What are the key factors of the program that contribute to the learning outcomes? How can such a program challenge a more traditional campus-delivered program? The most important factors were 1) the variation between learning arenas; on-campus activities, periods of clinical placement and self-study periods and 2) the stronger emphasize on clinical experiences throughout; regular, weekly skills training in clinics and tasks that stimulated ref lection and social and collaborative learning. Transferring such elements to full-time programs is suggested. This implies more responsibility to the professional field, and affects the role of the teachers, supervisors and the power of the institution. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2930 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (800.6Kb) -
Aars, Marianne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008)[+][-]
Abstract: This article aims at giving an example of how practical, clinical knowledge can be explored by the use of a tailor-made Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-tool: Physio-Net. In constructing content to this particular internet- based resource used for bachelor students at Tromsø University College, a clinician expert physiotherapist contributed with a detailed analysis of her own practice and its underpinning rationale, displayed by film and text simultaneously. The clinician was interviewed about how the work had affected later practice and why, and her experiences are discussed in terms of reflective practice. Internalised ways of thinking and acting were changed; she became more aware of the importance of taking the patient’s perspective, of the interaction in the situation, and made more careful conclusions in the clinical reasoning process. Time, observation, writing and guidance were important clues to this learning process and outcome. It is concluded that looking into one’s own practice amongst “critical friends”, mediated in a transparent mode as the Internet tool provides, constitutes a valuable learning potential for the individual and might contribute towards making professional practice more open and easier to discuss and develop. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2416 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (1.764Mb) -
Aars, Marianne (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2009)[+][-]
Abstract: The paper recounts the use of a tool, called Physio-net, that integrates text and video as an aid to reflection and which has been developed for a course on professional practice. Practitioners develop video for viewing by students and can then use these as a developing dialogue between students and teachers, clinicians and physiotherapists.
Initial research into the effectiveness of the tool demonstrate that this is an effective tool for developing reflection by students, and is also of extremely useful as a tool for practitioners to reflect on their own practice. This is also a medium which enables students and teachers to develop skills of balanced and friendly criticism.
The conclusion is that it is the blending of these three, aspects, the use of text, the use of video, and a community of trust between participants, that has led to the successful implentation of the platform.URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2427 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (5.425Mb) -
Aars, Marianne (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2006)[+][-]
Abstract: I et paper som dette, ser jeg en anledning til å utforske og rydde i et uoversiktelig landskap for å se hvordan dette nybrottsarbeidet kan bidra til fagutvikling og mer forskningsrettet virksomhet i lærerstaben, primært knyttet til utvikling av nettstøtten. Jeg har noen pragmatiske siktemål med paperet: 1. Å kartlegge, beskrive og drøfte vilkår for å få i gang mer systematisk FoU-arbeid knyttet til prosjektet: Fysio-nett, 2. Å finne fram til en hensiktsmessig strategi for igangsetting av slikt arbeid innenfor nærmeste realistiske ”mulighetssoner”og 3. Å utforske hvilke problemstillinger som kan være aktuelle i et aksjonsforskningsprosjekt. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2269 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (324.3Kb) -
Aars, Marianne (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2006)[+][-]
Abstract: Dokumentasjon av fysioterapifaget og forskning i fysioterapi er både nødvendig og ønskelig av flere grunner. Det er nødvendig for å bli inkludert i det offentliges helsetilbud, og for å bli en anerkjent profesjon. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2268 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (141.1Kb) -
Nytten av frysesnitt og preoperative laboratorieverdier ved kirurgi for primær hyperparathyreoidismeAase, Benedikte (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 19-Jun-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Primær hyperparathyreoidisme (PHPT) skyldes overproduksjon av parathyreoideahormon (PTH) i en eller flere parathyreoideakjertler, og i 80-85% av tilfellene forårsakes sykdommen av ett eller to adenomer. Insidensen er 0,45% hos kvinner og 0,17% hos menn. Klassiske symptomer inkluderer nyresten, benskjørhet eller gastrointestinale symptomer. På grunn av bedre og tidligere diagnostikk er det i dag mer vanlig med mindre spesifikke symptomer som kognitiv svikt, nedstemhet eller økt trettbarhet. Eneste kurative behandling er kirurgi. Tradisjonelt benyttes frysesnitt for å stille diagnosen, men de senere år har intraoperative PTH (ioPTH)-målinger blitt tatt i bruk i tillegg. Formålet med oppgaven er å vurdere hvorvidt begge deler er nødvendig. Det ble gjort en retrospektiv journalgjennomgang av pasienter som var operert for lesjon i parathyreoidea i perioden 01.01.2004 – 31.12.2007, i alt 125 pasienter. Av disse var 98 kvinner og 27 menn, og snittalderen var 64,5 år. Gjennomsnittlige laboratorieverdier til pasienter med klassiske symptomer, mindre spesifikke symptomer og pasienter uten angitte symptomer viste ingen statistisk signifikante forskjeller mellom gruppene for variablene totalkalsium, ionisert kalsium, fosfat eller PTH. Statistisk signifikant positiv korrelasjon ble observert mellom de to variablene volum og vekt av adenomet og de preoperative nivåene av total-kalsium, ionisert kalsium og fosfat, men ikke for PTH. Ved tre (2,0%) av operasjonene ble det fjernet andre strukturer enn parathyreoidea, men dette ble fanget opp av den intraoperative hurtigmålingen av PTH. Bruken av frysesnitt har ikke vist seg å være nødvendig, men gode radiologiske forundersøkelser og kirurgens erfaring er viktige årsaker til dette. For mer uerfarne kirurger vil frysesnittundersøkelsen være en rimelig forsikring mot dyre reoperasjoner. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/1826 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (1.259Mb) -
Abelsen, Birgit; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: The use of increasingly complex payment schemes in primary care may represent a barrier to recruiting general practitioners (GP). The existing Norwegian remuneration system is fully activity based - 2/3 fee-for-service and 1/3 capitation. Given that the system has been designed and revised in close collaborations with the medical association, it is likely to correspond - at least to some degree - with the preferences of current GPs (men in majority). The objective of this paper was to study which preferences that young doctors (women in majority), who are the potential entrants to general practice have for activity based vs. salary based payment systems. In November-December 2010 all last year medical students and all interns in Norway (n = 1.562) were invited to participate in an online survey. The respondents were asked their opinion on systems of remuneration for GPs; inclination to work as a GP; risk attitude; income preferences; work pace tolerance. The data was analysed using one-way ANOVA and multinomial logistic regression analysis. A total of 831 (53%) responded. Nearly half the sample (47%) did not consider the remuneration system to be important for their inclination to work as GP; 36% considered the current system to make general practice more attractive, while 17% considered it to make general practice less attractive. Those who are attracted by the existing system were men and those who think high income is important, while those who are deterred by the system are risk averse and less happy with a high work pace. On the question of preferred remuneration system, half the sample preferred a mix of salary and activity based remuneration (the median respondent would prefer a 50/50 mix). Only 20% preferred a fully activity based system like the existing one. A salary system was preferred by women, and those less concerned with high income, while a fully activity based system was preferred by men, and those happy with a high work pace. Given a concern about low recruitment to general practice in Norway, and the fact that an increasing share of medical students is women, we were interested in the extent to which the current Norwegian remuneration system correspond with the preferences of potential GPs. This study suggests that an existing remuneration mechanism has a selection effect on who would like to become a GP. Those most attracted are income motivated men. Those deterred are risk averse, and less happy with a high work pace. More research is needed on the extent to which experienced GPs differ along the questions we asked potential GPs, as well as studying the relative importance of other attributes than payment schemes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4994 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (215.8Kb) -
Abelsen, Birgit (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 04-Dec-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: The organisation and financing of the Norwegian oral health care differ compared to general health care. The public responsibility for general health care includes the whole population, and the scope is universal coverage involving public finance, and historically public provision as well. Concerning oral health care, there seems to be less emphasis on providing the same level of service to all citizens. The limited public responsibility for providing oral health care leaves Norwegian dentistry dominated by private providers, and most adults faced with paying all costs themselves when they seek dental services. These aspects have potential distributional consequences, which are only explored to some extent in the research literature. On a general level, the research problems focused in this thesis concern different issues on provision and access to dental services in Norway. The present thesis is a collection of four separate papers. The introduction outlines theoretical and empirical aspects concerning the financing, government, need for, and the regulations of Norwegian oral health care, reflecting the different aspects of the four papers. The introduction also includes general methodological issues that are relevant for the empirical analyses. My scientific approach draws from multi disciplinary perspectives and theoretical frameworks. My basic perspective, however, is health economics, although I also focus on perspectives from sociology, political science, and critical theory. The thesis documents large geographical differences in dental attendance and self rated oral health among Norwegian adults. It also inquires as to health policy reasoning to explain why free pricing and free establishment rights for private dentists remain characteristic features of Norwegian dentistry. Description: Papers number 2 and 3 of the thesis are not available in Munin due to publishers' restrictions. Paper 4 is a manuscript and not available in Munin:
2. Birgit Abelsen and Jan A. Olsen: «Task division between dentists and dental hygienists in Norway», Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology (2008), Volume 36 Issue 6, Pages 558-566 (Wiley). Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2008.00426.x
3. Birgit Abelsen: «What a difference a place makes: Dental attendance and self-rated oral health among adults in three counties in Norway», Health & Place, Volume 14, Issue 4, December 2008, Pages 829-840 (Elsevier). Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.01.003
4. Birgit Abelsen: 'On the absence of regulations of adult dental services in Norway: A critical discourse analysis' (manuscript)URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2360 File(s) in this item: 2
paper_1.pdf (407.9Kb)thesis.pdf (693.3Kb) -
Abera, Natnael (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 12-Jun-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: The GPCR CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor that by activation of its natural ligand SDF-1α is involved in the pathology of several diseases like cancer metastasis, leukemia cell progression and rheumatoid arthritis. The finding that CXCR4 plays a critical role for HIV-1 entry into T cells prompts additional motivation for the design of CXCR4 inhibitor. The establishment of the possible binding mode(s) for the cyclopentapeptide FC131 is decisive for the development of such inhibitor. Induced fit docking, which allowed flexibility for both the ligand and receptor structure, was used to generate ligand-receptor complexes. The resulting poses were compared based on their XP score and two ligand binding modes were suggested. In addition to this, mutational analysis on three CXCR4 residues which are believed to be important for HIV infection of T cells was performed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2204 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (680.2Kb) -
Acharya, Ganesh; Huhta, James; How, Ole-Jakob (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2011)[+][-]
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Acharya, Ganesh; Kiserud, Torvid; Lunde, Per (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)[+][-]
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Adekoya, Sarah Moriye; Brustad, Magritt (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)[+][-]
Abstract: There is a deficiency of data on oral health of adults in northern Norway, and available reports indicate poorer oral health in the north as compared with the rest of the country. The objective of this pilot study was to develop and test out tools for a larger epidemiological study of oral health among adults in northern Norway. The study was conducted in the municipalities of Nordkapp and Båtsfjord located in the northernmost county, Finnmark. Questionnaires and letters of invitation were sent to 100 randomly selected individuals in each town, in total 200. Those who filled and returned the questionnaires were sent appointment cards to a free oral examination at the local dental clinic. The main finding from the study was a low response rate; 34% responded to the questionnaire and 26.5% attended the oral examination. Response rate was highest among women above forty years old (37%) and lowest among men under forty years (12%). There is a necessity for further studies and strategies to increase response rate to subsequent oral epidemiologic studies in northern Norway. Radiological examination is not necessary for such studies but a questionnaire and a physical oral examination should be included. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4995 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (392.2Kb) -
Adekoya, Sarah Moriye (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 01-May-2012)[+][-]
Abstract: There is a deficiency of data on oral health of adults in northern Norway, and available reports indicate poorer oral health in the north as compared with the rest of the country. The objective of this pilot study was to develop and test out tools for a larger epidemiological study of oral health among adults in northern Norway. The study was conducted in the municipalities of Nordkapp and Båtsfjord located in the northernmost county, Finnmark. Questionnaires and letters of invitation were sent to 100 randomly selected individuals in each town, in total 200. Those who filled and returned the questionnaires were sent appointment cards to a free oral examination at the local dental clinic. The main finding from the study was a low response rate; 34% responded to the questionnaire and 26.5% attended the oral examination. Response rate was highest among women above forty years old (37%) and lowest among men under forty years (12%). There is a necessity for further studies and the need to find strategies to increase response rate to subsequent oral epidemiologic studies in northern Norway. Radiological examination is not necessary for such studies but a questionnaire and a physical oral examination should be included. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4795 File(s) in this item: 2
norsk_epidemiology.pdf (391.5Kb)thesis.pdf (552.2Kb) -
Adou, Koman Mireille Sophie Chinan (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, Aug-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: Human polyomavirus BK (BKV) is a non enveloped virus with a double-stranded, circular DNA genome. BKV infects >70% of the human population world-wide. Infection occurs predominantly during childhood and the virus remains in a latent state throughout life in the immune competent individuals. In the context of immunosuppression, however, reactivation occurs and can lead to renal stenosis and interstitial nephritis in kidney transplant patients, and hemorrhagic cystitis in bone narrow transplant patients. Moreover, BKV has been associated with several human cancers, but its causal role remains disputed. One of BKV’s protein known as agnoprotein may play a role in these pathogenic processes. To develop antiviral therapy it is required to elucidate the exact biological function of this protein. One way to examine the function of agnoprotein is by identifying possible cellular interaction partners. Another way is to understand agnoprotein’s role in the viral life cycle. Thereto, we examined the interaction of agnoprotein with another viral protein, large T-antigen (LT-ag) and the functional implication of this interaction. First, we investigated the effect of agnoprotein on the transcriptional activity of LT-ag on the BKV early promoter by transient transfection studies in HEK293. Our results revealed that LT-ag affects BKV early promoter in a concentration-dependent manner with low concentrations of LT-ag inhibiting, while high concentrations stimulated BKV early promoter activity. Co-expression of agnoprotein repressed LT-ag-induced activation of the BKV early promoter, suggesting that agnoprotein may exert a negative regulatory effect on transactivation by LT-ag. To test whether agnoprotein mediates its effect through direct interaction with LT-ag, we studied a possible association between these proteins. GST pulldown, co-immunoprecipitation (in vivo and in vitro), and mammalian two hybrid studies confirmed an interaction between LT-ag and agnoprotein. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3568 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (2.113Mb) -
Adubofour, Millicent (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 31-Oct-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: In the adolescent identity formation literature, negative experiences of stress in particular, gender discrimination, and difficulties with work, relationships, finances, health, and experiences with death have been associated with increased identity exploration (Anthis, 2002a,b). Despite these findings, little research has been conducted to examine the relationship between ethnic identity discrimination and ethnic identity exploration. Some 106 males, now 18-28 years of age who entered Norway as unaccompanied minors, were the participants of this investigation. All participants volunteered to take part in the Youth, Culture, and Competence Study (YCC) conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Items from Phinney’s MEIM and additional questions regarding participants’ experiences of ethnic identity crisis and ethnic discrimination were administered in a survey as part of a larger investigation of coping and cultural competence among youths living in Norway. This study aims to detail the relationship between experiences of ethnic discrimination and ethnic identity exploration, whereby ethnic identity crisis was considered as a possible mediator. Results showed that the experience of ethnic discrimination was associated with increased identity exploration and increased level of identity crisis. However, identity crisis was not a mediator between these two variables, as anticipated. This research should enable a deeper understanding of the role that ethnic discrimination may play in ethnic identity development among unaccompanied minors living in Norway. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/4438 File(s) in this item: 1
thesis.pdf (681.4Kb) -
Agledahl, Kari Milch (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 22-Sep-2011)[+][-]
Abstract: All of clinical work also has a moral dimension since the purpose of health care is to help patients. The aim of this project is to understand how doctors deal with these moral dimensions of clinical work. The field of bioethics has largely emerged as a philosophically founded discipline, without taking into account how doctors already handle moral values as a tacit or implicit part of their clinical work. This has caused a gap between medical ethics and medical practice. This research contains data from two qualitative studies: observations and interviews with 17 general practitioners and hospital doctors, and observations of 101 video recorded patient consultations in hospital. The doctors focused exclusively on medical issues in the encounters, even if their patient’s worries could be related to more personal and existential parts of the patient’s life. Patients’ personal worries were systematically ignored by the doctors. In order to help their patients by the use of their biomedical knowledge of anatomy and bodily processes, the doctors often handled their patients as objects. However, for patients it is morally offensive to be rejected and treated as medical objects, and it might feel very unpleasant. The doctors, who often kept a good tone in the consultations, did not appear to recognise their concurrent moral offence. Our research suggests that these moral infringements might be unavoidable in medical work, but that doctors, nonetheless, ought to be aware of the distress they cause and how they can reduce it. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3616 File(s) in this item: 5
paper_1.pdf (140.8Kb)paper_2.pdf (91.91Kb)paper_3.pdf (176.1Kb)thesis_entire.pdf (6.288Mb)(more files)
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