Vaccination is the most adequate method to control infectious diseases that threaten the aquaculture industry worldwide. Unfortunately, vaccines are usually not able to confer protection on their own; especially those vaccines based on recombinant antigens or inactivated pathogens. Therefore, the use of adjuvants or immunostimulants is often necessary to increase the vaccine efficacy. Traditional ...

Infections due to pathogens impact global aquaculture economy, where diseases caused by bacteria should be in particular focus due to antibiotic resistance. Hepcidin and NK-lysin are important innate immune factors having potential to be exploited as alternatives to antibiotics due to their antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory capacity. In this study, the recombinant proteins of hepcidin 2 ...

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a cationic leukocyte haloperoxidase and together with other proteins, they possess activities against various microorganisms and are involved in extracellular trap (ET) formation. The present work describes the gene and deduced protein sequences, and functions of MPO in flounder (PoMPO). The PoMPO possesses a 2313 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a protein of 770 ...

Finfish production has seen over three-fold increase in the past 30 years (1990–2020), and Atlantic salmon (A. salmon; salmo salar) accounted for approximately 32.6% of the total marine and coastal aquaculture of all finfish species in the year 2020, making it one of the most profitable farmed fish species globally. This growth in production is, however, threatened by a number of problems which can ...

Eomesodermin (Eomes), a T-bet homologue expressed in activated CD8+T cells was recently proposed to act as a master regulator of cytotoxic CD8+ T cell effector function and offers an exciting avenue for future exploration. Here, we have identified and characterized the full-length Atlantic salmon Eomes cDNA (2477 bp). Promoter analysis of the salmon Eomes showed the presence of important putative ...

Novel genome editing techniques allow for efficient and targeted improvement of aquaculture stock and might be a solution to solve challenges related to disease and environmental impacts. This review has retrieved the latest research on genome editing on aquacultured finfish species, exploring the technological progress and the scope. Genome editing has most often been used on Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis ...

Research on the innate immunity has accelerated over the last decades. The main reason for this has been the discovery of receptors recognizing danger molecules from pathogens. This has been facilitated through genome and transcriptome sequencing of different fish species. Also, endogenous host molecules from sterile physiological insults may also bind to certain receptors and induce immunological ...

The long-term persistence and activity of a naked plasmid DNA (pGL3-35S) containing a luc gene (reporter gene) controlled by a plant 35S CaMV promoter was studied in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) after injection. Atlantic salmon (mean weight 70 grams) were injected intramuscularly with 100 μg of plasmid DNA. Blood, different tissues and organs were sampled at different time points up to day 535 ...

Immersion vaccines are used for a variety of aquacultured fish to protect against infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. During immersion vaccination the antigens are taken up by the skin, gills or gut and processed by the immune system, where the resulting response may lead to protection. The lack of classical secondary responses following repeated immersion vaccination may partly be ...