Blar i forfatter Artikler, rapporter og annet (Norges fiskerihøgskole) "Jørgensen, Jorunn B"

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    • Antiviral defense in salmonids – Mission made possible? 

      Dahle, Maria; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-30)
      Viral diseases represent one of the major threats for salmonid aquaculture. Survival from viral infections are highly dependent on host innate antiviral immune defense, where interferons are of crucial importance. Neutralizing antibodies and T cell effector mechanisms mediate long-term antiviral protection. Despite an immune cell repertoire comparable to higher vertebrates, farmed fish often fail ...

    • Composition of exosomes derived from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) head kidney leukocytes 

      Strandskog, Guro; Sobhkhez, Mehrdad; Jørgensen, Jorunn B; Iliev, Dimitar Borisov (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2015-06-28)
      Exosomes are secreted nanosize vesicles (30−100 nm) derived from multivesicular endosomes. Exosomes are released by different immune cell types, including T- and B-lymphocytes, mast cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The composition of exosomes - including protein and RNA content reflects their endosomal origin and the type of cells that produce them. Mammalian APCs produce large amounts ...

    • CpG oligonucleotides bind TLR9 and RRM-Containing proteins in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) 

      Iliev, Dimitar Borisov; SkjÆveland, ingrid; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Background: Bacterial DNA is well-known for its potent immunostimulatory properties which have been attributed to the abundance of CpG dinucleotides within the genomes of prokaryotes. Research has found that mammalian TLR9 is a receptor which mediates the immune response to CpG DNA; however, its functional properties in non-mammalian vertebrates are still poorly characterized. Leukocytes isolated ...

    • CpG- and LPS-activated MAPK signaling in in vitro cultured salmon (Salmo salar) mononuclear phagocytes 

      Iliev, Dimitri Borisov; Hansen, Tom Egil; Jørgensen, Sven Martin; Krasnov, Aleksei; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      The Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are involved in transmitting intracellular signals downstream of diverse cell surface receptors and mediate the response to ligands such as growth factors, hormones and cytokines. In addition, MAPK are critically involved in the innate immune response to pathogen-derived substances, commonly referred to as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), ...

    • CpGs Induce Differentiation of Atlantic Salmon Mononuclear Phagocytes Into Cells With Dendritic Morphology and a Proinflammatory Transcriptional Profile but an Exhausted Allostimulatory Activity 

      Iliev, Dimitar Borisov; Lagos, Leidy; Thim, Hanna Leena; Jørgensen, Sven Martin; Krasnov, Aleksei; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-13)
      Due to their ability to present foreign antigens and prime naïve T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs) are referred to as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Although activated macrophages may function as APCs, these cells are particularly effective at directly engaging pathogens through phagocytosis, and production of antimicrobial compounds. On the other hand, DCs possess superb ...

    • Homing of Antigen-Presenting Cells in Head Kidney and Spleen – Salmon Head Kidney Hosts Diverse APC Types 

      Iliev, Dimitri Borisov; Thim, Hanna Leena; Lagos, Leidy; Olsen, randi; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Lymph nodes and spleen are major organs where mammalian antigen-presenting cells (APCs) initiate and orchestrate Ag-specific immune responses. Unlike mammals, teleosts lack lymph nodes and an interesting question is whether alternative organs may serve as sites for antigen presentation in teleosts. In the current study, fluorescent ovalbumin (Ova) and CpG oligonucleotides (ODNs) injected intra-abdominally ...

    • Intracellular distribution and transcriptional regulation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Rab5c, 7a and 27a homologs by immune stimuli 

      Nepal, Arpita; Wolfson, Deanna; Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh; Jensen, Ingvill; Jørgensen, Jorunn B; Iliev, Dimitar Borisov (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-31)
      Rab GTPases control trafficking of intracellular vesicles and are key regulators of endocytic and secretory pathways. Due to their specific distribution, they may serve as markers for different endolysosomal compartments. Since Rab GTPases are involved in uptake and trafficking of endocytosed ligands and cell receptors, as well as secretion of immune mediators, they have been implicated in diverse ...

    • IPNV with high and low virulence: host immune responses and viral mutations during infection 

      Skjesol, Astrid; SkjÆveland, ingrid; Elnæs, Marianne; Timmerhaus, Gerrit Frantz; Fredriksen, Børge Nilsen; Jørgensen, Sven Martin; Krasnov, Aleksei; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is an aquatic member of the Birnaviridae family that causes widespread disease in salmonids. IPNV is represented by multiple strains with markedly different virulence. Comparison of isolates reveals hyper variable regions (HVR), which are presumably associated with pathogenicity. However little is known about the rates and modes of sequence divergence and ...

    • Microbial danger signals control transcriptional induction of distinct MHC class I L lineage genes in Atlantic salmon 

      Svenning, Steingrim; Gondek-Wyrozemska, Agata T; van der Wal, Yorick Andreas; Robertsen, Børre; Jensen, Ingvill; Jørgensen, Jorunn B; Edholm, Eva-Stina Isabella (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-11)
      Antigen processing and presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is a cornerstone in vertebrate immunity. Like mammals, teleosts possess both classical MHC class I and multiple families of divergent MHC class I genes. However, while certain mammalian MHC class I-like molecules have proven to be integral in immune regulation against a broad array of pathogens, the biological ...

    • MyD88 interacts with interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and IRF7 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): transgenic SsMyD88 modulates the IRF-induced type I interferon response and accumulates in aggresomes 

      Iliev, Dimitar Borisov; Sobhkhez, Mehrdad; Fremmerlid, Kjersti Kongsgården; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-10-11)
      Background: MyD88 directly interacts and affects IRF activation in mammals, but no information has been available about lower vertebrates.<p> <p>Results: Transgenic MyD88 interacts with IRF3 and IRF7A/B and modulates the IRF-induced IFN response and accumulates in aggresomes in Atlantic salmon. <p>Conclusion: MyD88 is involved in the regulation of the IRF-induced IFN response in Atlantic ...

    • Profiling Atlantic salmon B cell populations: CpG-mediated TLR-ligation enhances IgM secretion and modulates immune gene expression 

      Jenberie, Shiferaw; Thim, Hanna Leena; Sunyer, J Oriol; Skjødt, Karsten; Jensen, Ingvill; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-23)
      While TLR-activated pathways are key regulators of B cell responses in mammals, their impact on teleost B cells are scarcely addressed. Here, the potential of Atlantic salmon B cells to respond to TLR ligands was shown by demonstrating a constitutive expression of nucleic-acid sensing TLRs in magnetic sorted IgM<sup>+</sup> cells. Of the two receptors recognizing CpG in teleosts, <i>tlr9</i> was the ...

    • Salmonid Alphavirus Subtype 3 Induces Prolonged Local B Cell Responses in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) After Intraperitoneal Infection 

      Jenberie, Shiferaw; Penaranda, Ma Michelle Demogina; Thim, Hanna Leena; Styrvold, Morten Bay; Strandskog, Guro; Jørgensen, Jorunn B; Jensen, Ingvill (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-10)
      B cell responses are a crucial part of the adaptive immune response to viral infection. Infection by salmonid alphavirus subtype 3 (SAV3) causes pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) and is a serious concern to the aquaculture industry. In this study, we have used intraperitoneal (IP) infection with SAV3 as a model to characterize local B cell responses in the peritoneal ...

    • Stimulation of exosome release by extracellular DNA is conserved across multiple cell types 

      Iliev, Dimitar Borisov; Strandskog, Guro; Nepal, Arpita; Aspar, Augusta; Olsen, Randi; Jørgensen, Jorunn B; Wolfson, Deanna; Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh; Handzhiyski, Jordan; Mironova, Roumyana (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Manuskript; Peer reviewed; Preprint, 2018-06-28)
      Exosomes are distinguished from other types of extracellular vesicles by their small and relatively uniform size (30-100 nm) and their composition which reflects their endo-lysosomal origin. Involvement of these extracellular organelles in intercellular communication and their implication in pathological conditions has fuelled intensive research on mammalian exosomes; however, currently, very little ...

    • Structural and functional characterization of salmon STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9 homologs sheds light on interferon signaling in teleosts 

      Sobhkhez, Mehrdad; Skjesol, Astrid; Thomassen, Ernst Ivan; Iliev, Dimitar Borisov; Sun, Baojian; Robertsen, Børre; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)
      Mammalian IRF9 and STAT2, together with STAT1, form the ISGF3 transcription factor complex, which is critical for type I interferon (IFN)-induced signaling, while IFNγ stimulation is mediated by homodimeric STAT1 protein. Teleost fish are known to possess most JAK and STAT family members, however, description of their functional activity in lower vertebrates is still scarce. In the present study we ...

    • Structural and functional studies of STAT1 from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). 

      Shi, Cheng-Yin; Skjesol, Astrid; Hansen, Tom Egil; Thim, Hanna Leena; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010)

    • Transcription of reference genes used for quantitative RT-PCR in Atlantic salmon is affected by viral infection 

      Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Relative quantification using RT-qPCR is a widely used method for transcription profiling. Transcript levels of target genes in fish after experimental infection is often reported without documentation of stably transcribed reference genes. We present results demonstrating that transcription of typically used reference genes in Atlantic salmon is not stable during experimental infection with salmon ...

    • Vaccine adjuvants in fish vaccines make a difference: comparing the effects of three adjuvants (Montanide ISA763A oil, CpG/poly I:C combo and VHSV glycoprotein) used alone or in combination to formulate an inactivated salmonid alphavirus whole virus antigen 

      Thim, Hanna Leena; Villoing, Stéphane; McLoughlin, Marian F; Cristie, Karen Elina; Grove, Søren; Frost, Petter; Jørgensen, Jorunn B (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)