Blar i tittel Mastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap
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Economic aspects of the DHIS2 contact tracing system as part of the COVID-19 strategy in Tromsø municipality
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-31)<p><i>Background:</i> The corona virus pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus begun in Norway in 2020. The Norwegian government decided that test-identify-trace-quarantine is the main national strategy fighting against the pandemic. From municipalities this required contact tracing actions to maintain the number of transmissions as low as possible. There was no earlier experience of contact tracing ... -
Economic Evaluation of Home-Based Stroke Care – A systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-08-01)Background: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) of 2019 ranked stroke, as both the second-leading cause of death and the third-leading cause of death and disability worldwide. As the burden of stroke has risen the past three decades, stroke has emerged as one of the current greatest public health issues worldwide of growing importance. During the past 40 years, healthcare expenditure has increased ... -
Educational gradient in dental caries
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-03-24)Background: Dental health is an important aspect and a key indicator of general health. However, detailed data on dental health in the adult population in Norway is lacking. Literature indicates that people with lower socioeconomic position (SEP) have significantly poorer dental health than people with higher SEP. For example, adults in Norway with higher education report better self-reported ... -
The educational gradient in intake of energy, macro- and micronutrients in the Tromsø Study 2015-2016
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-27)<p>Background: Socioeconomic status is associated with inequalities in health. Unhealthy diet is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases, and socioeconomic inequalities exists also in diet. <p>Aim: To investigate the relationship between educational level and the intake of total energy, macro- and micronutrients. <p>Participants: 11,302 individuals (40-96 years) from Tromsø, Norway. <p>Methods: ... -
Effect of group psychoeducation for major depressive disorder: a systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-04-16)Background: Depression is a common mental disorder and a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. Healthcare systems struggle to provide effective and acceptable treatment to meet the needs of the growing number of patients suffering from depression. Although there are some known, effective medical treatments for depression, far from all of those affected receive such treatments, ... -
Effect of healthcare personnel in e-health interventions on glycated haemoglobin in adults with type 2 diabetes - a systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-30)This systematic review shows that providing e-health with tailored HCP feedback to patients with type 2 diabetes, does not have added health benefits when the control group also receives e-health. While all of the included studies had some reduction in HbA1c levels, none of the study groups reach treatment target of HbA1c, less than 7%. Furthermore, there was no clinically relevant impact on blood ... -
Effect of interventions to prevent depression associated with childbirth in women at risk. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Effekt av tiltak for å forebygge depresjon i forbindelse med fødsler hos kvinner i risiko. En systematisk oversikt og meta-analyse.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-07-27)Background: A proportion of 10-15% of Norwegian mothers experience symptoms of depression in such an extent that they may need help. In addition to complicate life for the mother, there is a danger that the child's development may be adversely affected by the mother's condition. Objectives of the study are to determine if it can be proven difference in efficacy of interventions between two ... -
Effect of telemedicine for patients with chronic kidney disease who perform dialysis at home: a systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-06-29)Introduction and background: The world’s population is getting older, and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) rises parallel with age. CKD is a major public health concern, characterised by poor health outcomes and a high economic burden for society as well as for the individual. With an aging population, there is an increasing need to organize healthcare services in alternative ways. ... -
The effects of COVID-19 vaccination strategies on vaccine uptake in the Nordic Countries. A scoping review.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-06-05)1.1 Introduction The declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in 2020 by WHO helped in organizing efforts against the disease, including the manufacture of numerous vaccines. WHO recommended that all countries should vaccinate over 70% of their citizens. However, vaccination coverage is a goal that faces a lot of challenges, including vaccination hesitancy among others. This scoping review addresses ... -
Effects of psychological and psychosocial interventions for refugees: a systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-30)In this systematic review, I investigated the effect of psychological and psychosocial interventions for refugees. The objective of this master thesis was to look at the effects of psychological and psychosocial intervention on PTSD and/or depression for adult refugees in Europe who suffers from PTSD and/or depression. -
The effects of selected toxic elements on birth weight. The Norwegian Mother and Child contamination cohort study (MISA study)
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-12-31)<p><i>Background - </i>Birth weight is an important indicator for predicting newborn baby’s health. Particular toxic elements: lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) have ability to cross the transplacental barrier and effect the fetal growth and development. These toxic elements exposure during pregnancy have been associated with negative birth outcomes like low birth weight (LBW). ... -
Er det forskjeller i KMI og midjemål mellom personer med ulikt utdanningsnivå? Kan slike mulige ulikheter forklares av forskjeller i kostvaner og/eller nivå av fysisk aktivitet mellom personer med ulikt utdanningsnivå?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-06-15)Bakgrunn: Etter som fedmeprevalensen stiger både nasjonalt og internasjonalt, blir problemer knyttet til overvekt - og fedmeproblematikk stadig mer aktuelle. Fedme er en viktig risikofaktor for utvikling av en rekke sykdommer, som hjerte/kar-sykdommer og diabetes type II. Sosioøkonomiske ulikheter, (i denne sammenheng utdanningslengde), antas å ha en viktig innvirkning på utbredelsen av fedme. Dette ... -
Er det sammenheng mellom høy KMI og smerter hos pasienter med ryggprolaps? En tverrsnittstudie fra Nasjonalt Register for Ryggkirurgi f.o.m. 2007 t.o.m. 2010
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-21)Bakgrunn: De siste 30 årene har overvekt og fedme økt jevnt i den norske befolkning. Sykdommer som har økt proporsjonalt med denne utviklingen, er type 2 diabetes, hjerte- og karsykdommer og visse typer kreft samt muskel og skjelettlidelser, også rygglidelser. Både nasjonal og internasjonal forskninger har funnet sammenheng mellom høy KMI (kroppsmasseindeks) og ryggsmerter. Dette fenomenet ... -
The escalating diabetes epidemic: determinants of prevalence disparity between country income groups
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-01)Rationale: Nowadays, diabetes mellitus is continuing to be an increasing international health burden. But greatest increases of this burden are seen particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This thesis attempts to account for the factors associated with the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the disparity in this prevalence across country income groups. Method: An analytic ecological ... -
Etniske forskjeller i risiko for kroniske muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant en befolkning i Nord-Norge: SAMINOR-undersøkelsen
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-08-29)Bakgrunn: Muskel- og skjelettplager er en av de hyppigste årsakene til sykefravær og uføretrygd i Norge. Det finnes lite forskning om muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant urfolk, både internasjonalt og i Arktiske områder. Formål: Se på risiko for kroniske muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant ulike etniske grupper i en Nordnorsk befolkning. Analysere om sosioøkonomiske faktorer kan påvirke til eventuelle ... -
Evaluation of the Norwegian Surveillance System for Infections in Hospital Service (NOIS)
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-05-01)Healthcare-associated infections are a major concern in health care throughout the world, and public health institutions answer to the problem by implementing nationwide surveillance systems. The Norwegian Surveillance System for Infections in Hospital Service (NOIS) was implemented in 2005 to monitor surgical site infections in patients having undergone any one of the most common surgical procedures: ... -
Experiences of stigma amongst HIV-positive people encountering the healthcare system in Scandinavia: a systematic review.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-06-01)Abstract Objective: This systematic review aims to investigate the experiences of HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV in Scandinavia Introduction: Stigma has existed for centuries, with some groups of people being more prone to stigma than others, one example being people living with HIV. HIV-related stigma has existed from the beginning of the epidemic, 1980's, and may still be ... -
Exploring physical activity and dietary choices among adolescents in Troms County, with focus on a potential association between the two health-related behaviors. A cross-sectional study based on Fit Futures - part of The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-07-30)Increased knowledge about physical activity(PA) and dietary choises could be valuable when preventive measures against overweight are planned and carried out. The main aim of the thesis was therefore to explore PA and dietary choises among adolescents in Troms County, furthermore to investigate if there were an association between these two health-related behaviors. The thesis is a cross-sectional ... -
Exploring the gender specific association between use of complementary and alternative medicine and alcohol consumption and injuries caused by drinking. The sixth Tromsø study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-08-25)Background: Previous studies have found that the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is associated with several characteristic, such as female gender, higher education and higher income. However, studies investigating the relationship between alcohol consumption patterns and different CAM approaches have so far been limited. Harmful use of alcohol has detrimental consequences to ... -
Exploring the utilization of healthcare resources in elderly patients with COPD
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-11-28)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major health problem worldwide (1) and the prevalence of COPD continues to increase (2, 3). It is a major cause of multimorbidity and mortality in Norway (4) and the healthcare utilization by COPD- patients is expected to increase in the future (5). To effectively allocate healthcare resources, it is necessary to have knowledge about ...