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dc.contributor.authorMalik, Muhammad Salman
dc.contributor.authorTeige, Lena Hammerlund
dc.contributor.authorBraaen, Stine
dc.contributor.authorOlsen, Anne Berit
dc.contributor.authorNordberg, Monica
dc.contributor.authorAmundsen, Marit
dc.contributor.authorKannimuthu, Dhamotharan
dc.contributor.authorSvenning, Steingrim
dc.contributor.authorEdholm, Eva-Stina Isabella
dc.contributor.authorTakano, Tomokazu
dc.contributor.authorJørgensen, Jorunn
dc.contributor.authorWessel, Øystein
dc.contributor.authorRimstad, Espen
dc.contributor.authorDahle, Maria
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-19T21:32:16Z
dc.date.available2021-06-19T21:32:16Z
dc.date.issued2021-03-06
dc.description.abstractHeart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), caused by infection with Piscine orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1), is a common disease in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Both an inactivated whole virus vaccine and a DNA vaccine have previously been tested experimentally against HSMI and demonstrated to give partial but not full protection. To understand the mechanisms involved in protection against HSMI and evaluate the potential of live attenuated vaccine strategies, we set up a cross-protection experiment using PRV genotypes not associated with disease development in Atlantic salmon. The three known genotypes of PRV differ in their preference of salmonid host species. The main target species for PRV-1 is Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) is the target species for PRV-2, where the infection may induce erythrocytic inclusion body syndrome (EIBS). PRV-3 is associated with heart pathology and anemia in rainbow trout, but brown trout (S. trutta) is the likely natural main host species. Here, we tested if primary infection with PRV-2 or PRV-3 in Atlantic salmon could induce protection against secondary PRV-1 infection, in comparison with an adjuvanted, inactivated PRV-1 vaccine. Viral kinetics, production of cross-reactive antibodies, and protection against HSMI were studied. PRV-3, and to a low extent PRV-2, induced antibodies cross-reacting with the PRV-1 σ1 protein, whereas no specific antibodies were detected after vaccination with inactivated PRV-1. Ten weeks after immunization, the fish were challenged through cohabitation with PRV-1-infected shedder fish. A primary PRV-3 infection completely blocked PRV-1 infection, while PRV-2 only reduced PRV-1 infection levels and the severity of HSMI pathology in a few individuals. This study indicates that infection with non-pathogenic, replicating PRV could be a future strategy to protect farmed salmon from HSMI.en_US
dc.identifier.citationMalik, Teige, Braaen, Olsen, Nordberg M, Amundsen, Kannimuthu, Svenning, Edholm, Takano, Jørgensen, Wessel, Rimstad, Dahle. Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV)-3, but Not PRV-2, Cross-Protects against PRV-1 and Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation in Atlantic Salmon. Vaccines. 2021;9(3)en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1897168
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/vaccines9030230
dc.identifier.issn2076-393X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/21471
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.relation.journalVaccines
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/HAVBRUK2/280847/Norway/Comparing the protection of attenuated and inactivated virus vaccines against pancreas disease and heart and skeletal muscle inflammation/ViVaAct/en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2021 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Clinical veterinary science disciplines: 950en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Klinisk veterinærmedisinske fag: 950en_US
dc.titlePiscine Orthoreovirus (PRV)-3, but Not PRV-2, Cross-Protects against PRV-1 and Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation in Atlantic Salmonen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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