NORSK SAMANDRAG: <br>Denne avhandlinga tek for seg endringane i relativt havnivå – strandforskyvinga – dei siste vel 11.500 åra på kysten av Finnmark og i midtre Hardanger. Ei stor mengd kjerneprøver frå avsettingane i innsjøar som ein gong låg under havnivået, er henta inn og analysert. Grenser mellom sediment som vart avsett i salt- eller ferskvatn er bestemt ved å analysere både kiselalgar ...

What causes the escape of natural gases to the seafloor and how significant this escape has been along the mid-Norwegian continental margin? These are questions that guided the doctoral thesis. The thesis is part of a research project supported by the European Commission and the Norwegian Research Council, which aims at quantifying geological processes that control fluid flow and gas hydrate formation ...

This thesis describes general methods to analyse polarimetric synthetic aperture radar images, with the primary application of unsupervised image segmentation. The fundamental physics of electromagnetic scattering from distributed targets leads to the image phenomenon called speckle. Speckle is shown to be potentially non-Gaussian and several statistical distributions are investigated. Non-Gaussianity ...

Rockslides have a high socioeconomic and environmental importance in many coun- tries. Norway is particularly susceptible to large rockslides due to its many fjords and steep mountains. One of the most dangerous hazards related to rock slope failures are tsunamis that can lead to large loss of life. It is therefore very important to systemati- cally identify potential unstable rock slopes. In this ...

The subject of this thesis is self-organization, chaos and stochastic dynamics in laboratory plasmas, the magnetosphere, and in the Earth's climate system. For each of these systems we pose the question whether the global dynamics can be described by a set of a few variables governed by the same small number of deterministic equations. This problem is not trivial, because low-dimensional ...

For the mass transfer case (the absorption of moisture-water into concrete), the water content in concrete has a significant impact on its mechanical properties. Moisture transport in porous media, for example, plays an important role in the degradation of building materials such as mortars and concrete. LWE ignores the complex pore structure and network, typically found in cement materials. Many ...

The vast volume of scientific data produced today requires tools that can enable scientists to explore large amounts of data to extract meaningful information. One such tool is interactive visualization. The amount of data that can be simultaneously visualized on a computer display is proportional to the display’s resolution. While computer systems in general have seen a remarkable increase in ...

Using a time-dependent numerical model that spans the chromosphere, corona and solar wind, abundance variations resulting from gravitational settling in the chromosphere and corona have been studied. \noindent Gravitational settling in the chromosphere may lead to a depletion in the abundances of minor elements in the solar wind relative to the photosphere. The observed overabundance (relative ...

The Open/Closed eld line Boundary (OCB) is the most important boundary in the magnetospheric system. On the dayside, the equatorward edge of the 6300 Å[OI] cusp aurora can be used as a proxy for the OCB. This work, which is a dissertation for the degree of philosophiæ Doctor consists of three scienti c papers focusing on the latitude of the optical cusp OCB and one paper focusing on polar cap patch ...