Modern growing economy and technology require metals. Therefore mining is an unavoidable process. Mining in its turn results in the production of large amounts of mine waste. This research is focused on one type of mine waste, mine tailings, formed after the processing of Cu-sulphides deposits. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a consequence of the oxidation of sulphide-rich rocks and has a drastic impact ...

The thesis consists of four parts and its four main objectives are: (1) to establish a potential link between serpentinization beneath a young sedimented-ocean ridge and carbon release and gas hydrate formation directly above it, (2) to understand the coexistence of free gas and gas-hydrate and to image the geophysical evidence for a geologically controlled gas hydrate, fluid migration pathway and ...

Cold polar and mountainous periglacial environments are characterised by highly dynamic ground surfaces that move under the action of frost and gravity, and contribute to shaping the landscape. The movement rates and directions are spatially and temporally variable, depending on the involved periglacial processes and their environmental controlling factors. Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ...

This thesis is concerned with computer modelling of molecules interacting with electromagnetic radiation (light, radio waves, etc.), static electric and magnetic fields (in the laboratory), as well as approximate treatments of the motions of the molecules' atomic nuclei (vibration). Compared to interactions between electrons or between electron and nucleus, these interactions are small, and well ...

The aim of this PhD thesis is to deliver improved quantitative reconstructions of sub-surface temperatures, salinities and seasonal sea ice distribution. Additionally, the natural variability of Atlantic water inflow and seasonal sea ice distribution and possible forcing mechanisms such as solar insolation, atmospheric circulation patterns (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)) and atmosphere-sea ...

CO₂ is a non-toxic, abundant and readily available gas, which has the potential to become an important carbon source in chemical synthesis. The clear advantage of CO₂ is its sustainability, in contrast to typical carbon sources such as oil, coal, or natural gas, which are in the process of depletion. However, the use of CO₂ also poses a big challenge as it features ...

Larger fjords along the Norwegian coast are ice free all year due to the influence of warm Atlantic water, however, sea ice can form in the inner parts of fjords and in smaller fjord branches. While a wide breadth of work exists examining mainland Norwegian fjords often focused on water mass dynamics and their link to biological processes, little research has been conducted on specifically sea ice ...

This thesis investigates the interaction of the Antarctic ice shelves along the coast of Dronning Maud Land with the ocean circulation in the Eastern Weddell Sea. A set of direct oceanic observations below the Fimbul Ice Shelf, which were acquired during three Antarctic field seasons in the austral summers 2009/10, 2010/11 and 2011/12, is a central element of the presented work. This new oceanographic ...

<p>The amounts of data in the world have increased dramatically in recent years, and it is quickly becoming infeasible for humans to label all these data. It is therefore crucial that modern machine learning systems can operate with few or no labels. The introduction of deep learning and deep neural networks has led to impressive advancements in several areas of machine learning. These advancements ...

Bacteria are the most abundant organisms and can be found in different habitats, from polar regions, deserts and volcanoes, deep ocean trenches to the upper atmosphere. In all these environments, they are exposed to various chemical hazards, such as antibacterial chemicals (antibiotics) produced by other organisms that are found in the same habitat. In addition, they are exposed to threats from ...