Denne avhandlingen er basert på fire sedimentkjerner fra et område ved Vest Svalbard hvor metan siver opp fra havbunnen. Studien fokuserer på å rekonstruere graden av metanutsiving i fortiden, samt klimavariasjoner i Arktiske strøk med bruk av bentiske foraminiferer. Foraminiferer er encellede organismer som produserer en kalkholdig skall som bevares i sedimentene på havbunnen. Ved å se på geokjemiske ...

The Arctic regions are affected by the modern climate change to a greater extent than the global average. This effect is called the Arctic amplification and is reflected in air temperatures rising with double rate and increased precipitation compared to the global average. The climate of Svalbard is strongly related to variations in the atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns, and the archipelago ...

This thesis presents new results from marine geological and geophysical studies based on sediment gravity cores, airgun, subbottom acoustic and high-resolution swath bathymetric data from fjords, the continental shelf and slope north of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. From these records, the glacial landform assemblages as well as the glacial and postglacial sedimentary environments were interpreted. Where ...

<p>Kernel methods have been a central part of the machine learning arsenal for several decades. Within this framework, unsupervised learning has been a particularly challenging area. This is due to the inherent nature of unsupervised learning tasks, where important information about the structure of the data is unknown to the user, and as such it is difficult to design a kernel or system to solve ...

We facilitate the exploration and development of geometry by symmetry-based methods. To this end, we answer several natural questions that appear when considering symmetries, for particular examples of geometries

The Norwegian Barents Shelf (NBS) is an Arctic petroleum province with a complex geological history. Current geochemical work on oil discoveries in the region has identified Triassic mudstones as important petroleum source rocks. A review of the published literature found that several source rock-forming processes have been suggested as contributors to their formation. The aim of this thesis is thus ...

The memory properties in paleoclimate temperature records based on model simulations and proxy-reconstructions have been investigated, to find out if these records exhibit long-range memory in a similar manner as many instrumental temperature records. On time scales from years to centuries and even millennia, long-range memory is identified in the paleoclimate records using a toolbox of statistical ...

In this thesis, methods to support high level situation awareness in ship navigators through appropriate automation are investigated. Situation awareness relates to the perception of the environment (level 1), comprehension of the situation (level 2), and projection of future dynamics (level 3). Ship navigators likely conduct mental simulations of future ship traffic (level 3 projections), that ...

This work utilizes Machine Learning (ML) regression and feature ranking techniques for water quality monitoring from remotely sensed data. The investigated regression methods include the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Suport Vector Regression (SVR) and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR). Feature relevance in the GPR model is as- sessed by the probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis (SA) approach.This ...

Natural products (NPs) have been the major source for the development of new small molecule drugs in modern medicine. Despite NPs being so prominent, marine natural products (MNPs) and derivatives thereof are hardly found in clinically approved agents. Therefore, using bioactive MNPs as structural guidance for drug development is a largely untapped source. The focus of the presented thesis is on ...