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    • Chronic Pelvic Pain in women. Group based multimodal physical therapy 

      Nygaard, Ane Sigrid (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-02-26)
      <p><i>Introduction - </i>The aims of this thesis were (1) to describe the characteristics of women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) referred for physical therapy after evaluation at a tertiary hospital, (2) to compare group-based multimodal physical therapy (intervention group) with primary care physical therapy (comparator group), and (3) to explore if selected pre-treatment characteristics were ...

    • Chronic pelvic pain sufferers`experteinces of Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy: a qualitative study on an embodied approacvh to pain 

      Boge-Olsnes, Cathrine Maria; Øberg, Gunn Kristin; Risør, Mette Bech (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-26)
      Purpose: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a multifaceted condition, and many women live with CPP without receiving any explanation for their complex symptoms. A multimodal approach including physiotherapy is the recommended treatment. To increase the limited knowledge of what is beneficial in physiotherapy, this article aims to explore women’s experiences of Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy (NPMP) ...

    • Chronic pelvic pain sufferers’ experiences of Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy: a qualitative study on an embodied approach to pain. 

      Boge-Olsnes, Cathrine Maria; Risør, Mette Bech; Øberg, Gunn Kristin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-26)
      Purpose - Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a multifaceted condition, and many women live with CPP without receiving any explanation for their complex symptoms. A multimodal approach including physiotherapy is the recommended treatment. To increase the limited knowledge of what is beneficial in physiotherapy, this article aims to explore women’s experiences of Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy (NPMP) ...

    • Chronic Responses of Daphnia magna under Dietary Exposure to Leaves of a Transgenic (Event MON810) Bt-Maize Hybrid and its Conventional Near-Isoline 

      Holderbaum, Daniel Ferreira; Cuhra, Marek; Wickson, Fern; Orth, Afonso Inácio; Nodari, Rubens Onofre; Bøhn, Thomas (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-11)
      Insect resistance is the second most common trait globally in cultivated genetically modified (GM) plants. Resistance is usually obtained by introducing into the plant’s genome genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) coding for insecticidal proteins (Cry proteins or toxins) that target insect pests. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that a chronic, high-dose dietary ...

    • Chronotype and response to training during the polar night: a pilot study 

      Vitale, Jacopo Antonino; Bjørkesett, Eva; Campana, Andrea; Panizza, Giacomo; Weydahl, Andi (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-19)
      Background:<br> An individual’s chronotype influences his or her physiological rhythms. Some studies have looked at the effect of time of day on the responses to exercise, but studies on the effect of long-term training are lacking. <br>Objective:<br> To report the effects of an 8-week training period during the polar night in non- athletes of different chronotypes living at 70°N. <br>Design:<br> ...

    • Chronotype, Physical Activity, and Sport Performance: A Systematic Review 

      Vitale, Jacopo Antonino; Weydahl, Andi (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-11)
      Background:<br> Many variables related to sport have been shown to have circadian rhythms. Chronotype is the expression of circadian rhythmicity in an individual, and three categories of chronotype are defined: morning types (M-types), evening types (E-types), and neither types (N-types). M-types show earlier peaks of several psychophysiological variables during the day than E-types. The effect ...

    • Chrons sykdom. En prospektiv studie av effekt ved individuell behandling med Infliximab og betydning av livsstil for sykdomsaktivitet. 

      Isachsen, Fredrik (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2005-09-15)

    • Cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer mortality among 602,242 Norwegian males and females 

      Parajuli, Ranjan; Bjerkaas, Eivind; Tverdal, Aage; Le Marchand, Loïc; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Gram, Inger Torhild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)
      Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main cancer types, with high incidence and mortality in Norway. We examined the association between different measures of smoking exposure and CRC mortality overall and by subsite in a large Norwegian cohort. Methods: We followed 602,242 participants from four Norwegian health surveys, aged 19–67 years at enrollment between 1972 and 2003 by linkage ...

    • Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses 

      Dimou, Niki; Omiyale, Wemimo; Biessy, Carine; Viallon, Vivian; Kaaks, Rudolf; O'Mara, Tracy A.; Aglago, Elom K.; Ardanaz, Eva; Bergmann, Manuela M.; Bondonno, Nicola P.; Braaten, Tonje; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M.; Crous-Bou, Marta; Dahm, Christina C.; Fortner, Renée T.; Gram, Inger Torhild; Harlid, Sophia; Heath, Alicia K.; Idahl, Annika; Kvaskoff, Marina; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Overvad, Kim; Palli, Domenico; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Sánchez, Maria-Jose; Schulze, Matthias B.; Severi, Gianluca; Simeon, Vittorio; Tagliabue, Giovanna; Tjønneland, Anne; Truong, Thérése; Tumino, Rosario; Johansson, Mattias; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Murphy, Neil; Gunter, Marc J.; Lacey, Ben; Allen, Naomi E.; Dossus, Laure (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-16)
      Background: Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. However, it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. To further elucidate the role of smoking in endometrial cancer risk, we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.<p> <p>Methods: The observational analyses included 286,415 ...

    • Cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer risk in 83 500 Norwegian men and women 

      Sivertsen, Morten N.; Båtstad, Helge S. (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-14)
      Objective: To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing pancreatic cancer and if the risk differed for male- and female smokers. Methods: For our statistical analysis, using data from the Norwegian Counties Study, Cox proportional hazards model was used to obtain age-adjusted and multivariate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for obtaining risk ...

    • Cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer risk in 83500 Norwegian men and women 

      Båtstad, Helge S.; Sivertsen, Morten N. (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-14)
      Objective: To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing pancreatic cancer and if the risk differed for male- and female smokers. Methods: For our statistical analysis, using data from the Norwegian Counties Study, Cox proportional hazards model was used to obtain age-adjusted and multivariate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for obtaining risk ...

    • Circadian rhythms of hemostatic factors in tetraplegia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study of melatonin 

      Kostovski, Emil; Dahm, Anders Erik A; Mowinckel, Marie-Christine; Stranda, Annicke; Skretting, Grethe; Østerud, Bjarne; Sandset, Per Morten; Iversen, Per Ole (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-03)
      Study design: This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study of melatonin in complete tetraplegia.<p> <p>Objectives: Tetraplegic patients have an increased risk of venous thrombosis despite prophylaxis, blunted variations in melatonin and altered circadian variation of several hemostatic markers. To examine whether melatonin could modify the regulation of hemostasis, we ...

    • Circle of security – Effektivitet, virksomme mekanismer og implementering i barnehage og skole. 

      Kippe, Ida Marie (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-06-30)
      Circle of security (COS) er et intervensjonsprogram med opprinnelse i USA, som er ment å fremme tilknytningskvaliteten mellom barn og omsorgsperson, og implementeres for tiden i stor grad i Norge. Denne oppgaven tok sikte på å gjennomgå den empiriske forskningslitteraturen som finnes på COS og undersøkte i tillegg om det finnes tilstrekkelig grunnlag for denne implementeringen. Oppgaven tok også for ...

    • Circle of Willis variants and cerebrovascular health: Representations, prevalences, functions and related consequences. Incomplete anatomy and changes to flow appear to induce more unfavourable health outcomes 

      Hindenes, Lars Bakke (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-03)
      <p><i>Background:</i> The Circle of Willis (CoW) is a circular structure of arteries in which most of the blood flowing to our brains pass through. The structure has primarily been regarded as important for its ability to redistribute blood flow in case of acute arterial occlusion, but may also have a role in dampening the pressure gradient in cerebral blood flow. The CoW anatomy also varies ...

    • Circular instead of hierarchical. Methodological principles for the evaluation of complex interventions 

      Walach, Harald; Fønnebø, Vinjar; Falkenberg, Torkel; Lewith, George; Jonas, Wayne B. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2006-06-24)
      Background: The reasoning behind evaluating medical interventions is that a hierarchy of methods exists which successively produce improved and therefore more rigorous evidence based medicine upon which to make clinical decisions. At the foundation of this hierarchy are case studies, retrospective and prospective case series, followed by cohort studies with historical and concomitant non-randomized ...

    • Circulating amino acid levels and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition and UK Biobank cohorts 

      Rothwell, Joseph A.; Bešević, Jelena; Dimou, Niki; Breeur, Marie; Murphy, Neil; Jenab, Mazda; Wedekind, Roland; Viallon, Vivian; Ferrari, Pietro; Achaintre, David; Gicquiau, Audrey; Rinaldi, Sabina; Scalbert, Augustin; Huybrechts, Inge; Prehn, Cornelia; Adamski, Jerzy; Cross, Amanda J.; Keun, Hector; Chadeau-Hyam, Marc; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Overvad, Kim; Dahm, Christina C.; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Skeie, Guri; Zamora-Ros, Raul; Tsilidis, Kostas K.; Eichelmann, Fabian; Schulze, Matthias B.; van Guelpen, Bethany; Vidman, Linda; Sánchez, Maria-José; Amiano, Pilar; Ardanaz, Eva; Smith-Byrne, Karl; Travis, Ruth; Katzke, Verena; Kaaks, Rudolf; Derksen, Jeroen W. G.; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra; Tumino, Rosario; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas; Vineis, Paolo; Palli, Domenico; Pasanisi, Fabrizio; Eriksen, Anne Kirstine; Tjønneland, Anne; Severi, Gianluca; Gunter, Marc J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-28)
      Background Amino acid metabolism is dysregulated in colorectal cancer patients; however, it is not clear whether pre-diagnostic levels of amino acids are associated with subsequent risk of colorectal cancer. We investigated circulat‑ ing levels of amino acids in relation to colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and UK Biobank ...

    • Circulating biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism in relation to renal cell carcinoma incidence and survival 

      Johansson, Mattias; Anouar, Fanidi; Muller, David C.; Bassett, Julie K.; Midttun, Øivind; Vollset, Stein Emil; Travis, Ruth C.; Palli, Domenico; Mattiello, Amalia; Sieri, Sabina; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Lagiou, Pagona; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Ljungberg, Börje; Hallmans, Göran; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Skeie, Guri; Gonzalez, Carlos A.; Dorronsoro, Miren; Peeters, Petra H.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as).; Ros, Martine M.; Ruault, Marie-Christine Boutron; Fagherazzi, Guy; Clavel, Françoise; Sanchez, Maria-Jose; Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte; Navarro, Carmen; Quirós, J. Ramón; Overvad, Kim; Tjønneland, Anne; Aleksandrova, Krassimira; Vineis, Paolo; Gunter, Marc J.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Giles, Graham; Relton, Caroline; Riboli, Elio; Boeing, Heiner; Ueland, Per Magne; Severi, Gianluca; Brennan, Paul (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-11-05)
      The etiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is only partially understood, but a metabolic component appears likely. We investigated biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism and RCC onset and survival. Methods The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited 385747 participants with blood samples between 1992 and 2000, and this analysis included 556 RCC case-control pairs. ...

    • Circulating copper and zinc levels and risk of hepatobiliary cancers in Europeans 

      Stepien, Magdalena; Hughes, David J.; Hybsier, Sandra; Bamia, Christina; Tjønneland, Anne; Overvad, Kim; Affret, Aurélie; His, Mathilde; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Katzke, Verena; Kühn, Tilman; Aleksandrova, Krasimira; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Lagiou, Pagona; Orfanos, Phlippos; Palli, Domenico; Sieri, Sabina; Tumino, Rosario; Ricceri, Fulvio; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Peeters, Petra H.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Lasheras, Cristina; Bonet Bonet, Catalina; Molina-Portillo, Elena; Dorronsoro, Miren; Huerta, José María; Barricarte, Aurelio; Ohlsson, Bodil; Sjöberg, Klas; Werner, Mårten; Shungin, Dmitry; Wareham, Nick; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Travis, Ruth C.; Freisling, Heinz; Cross, Amanda J.; Schomburg, Lutz; Jenab, Mazda (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-02)
      Background:<br>Copper and zinc are essential micronutrients and cofactors of many enzymatic reactions that may be involved in liver-cancer development. We aimed to assess pre-diagnostic circulating levels of copper, zinc and their ratio (Cu/Zn) in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) and gall bladder and biliary tract (GBTC) cancers.<br>Methods:<br>A nested ...

    • Circulating delta-like Notch ligand 1 is correlated with cardiac allograft vasculopathy and suppressed in heart transplant recipients on everolimus-based immunosuppression 

      Norum, Hilde Margrethe; Michelsen, Annika; Lekva, Tove; Arora, Satish; Otterdal, Kari; Olsen, Maria Belland; Kong, Xiang Yi; Gude, Einar; Andreassen, Arne K.; Solbu, Dag; Karason, Kristjan; Dellgren, Göran; Gullestad, Lars; Aukrust, Pål; Ueland, Thor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2018-10-12)
      Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) causes heart failure after heart transplantation (HTx), but its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Notch signaling, possibly modulated by everolimus (EVR), is essential for processes involved in CAV. We hypothesized that circulating Notch ligands would be dysregulated after HTx. We studied circulating delta‐like Notch ligand 1 (DLL1) and periostin (POSTN) ...

    • Circulating free testosterone and risk of aggressive prostate cancer: Prospective and Mendelian randomisation analyses in international consortia 

      Watts, Eleanor L.; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Fensom, Georgina K.; Smith-Byrne, Karl; Noor, Urwah; Andrews, Colm D.; Gunter, Marc J.; Holmes, Michael V.; Martin, Richard M.; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Albanes, Demetrius; Barricarte, Aurelio; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas; Chen, Chu; Cohn, Barbara A.; Dimou, Niki L.; Ferrucci, Luigi; Flicker, Leon; Freedman, Neal D.; Giles, Graham G.; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Goodman, Gary E.; Haiman, Christopher A.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Huang, Jiaqi; Huang, Wen-Yi; Hurwitz, Lauren M.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Knekt, Paul; Kubo, Tatsuhiko; Langseth, Hilde; Laughlin, Gail; Le Marchand, Loic; Luostarinen, Tapio; MacInnis, Robert J.; Mäenpää, Hanna O.; Männistö, Satu; Metter, E. Jeffrey; Mikami, Kazuya; Mucci, Lorelei A.; Olsen, Anja; Ozasa, Kotaro; Palli, Domenico; Penney, Kathryn L.; Platz, Elizabeth A.; Rissanen, Harri; Sawada, Norie; Schenk, Jeannette M.; Stattin, Pär; Tamakoshi, Akiko; Thysell, Elin; Tsai, Chiaojung Jillian; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Vatten, Lars Johan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weinstein, Stephanie J.; Wilkens, Lynne R.; Yeap, Bu B.; Allen, Naomi E.; Key, Timothy J.; Travis, Ruth C. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-17)
      Previous studies had limited power to assess the associations of testosterone with aggressive disease as a primary endpoint. Further, the association of genetically predicted testosterone with aggressive disease is not known. We investigated the associations of calculated free and measured total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with aggressive, overall and early-onset prostate ...