Browsing Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet by Title

Now showing items 10080-10096 of 10096

    • Zebrafish and safety pharmacology. Effects of ethanol on early brain and eye development. 

      Ali, Amina Mohammed (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-05-21)
      Ethanol is well studied with regard to its teratogenic effects in different animal models including humans. Exposure of a fetus to alcohol during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), or ethanol mediated toxicity in animal models. During early embryogenesis, development of the most important organs including the central nervous system (CNS) occurs. Disturbance of any function that ...

    • Zebrafish as a model system for safety pharmacology, using a glucocorticoid and an antimicrobial peptide as test substances 

      Albert, Ingrid (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-20)
      The zebrafish is an exciting model organism with a lot to offer and many possible areas of application. Toxicity assays using zebrafish embryos are becoming increasingly popular with the pharmaceutical industry as a tool to bridge the gap between conventional cell based screens and animal testing. The main aim of this project was to explore the zebrafish as a model system for use in safety pharmacology, ...

    • Zigøinerplagen 

      Gjesvik, Kalle (Chronicle; Kronikk, 2013)

    • Zinc binding and chelating compounds as inhibitors of bacterial metalloproteases and human matrix metalloproteases 

      Rahman, Fatema Amatur (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-10-13)
      Bacterial multi-drug resistance is a major health problem worldwide. Inhibition of bacterial virulence is suggested to be a promising strategy in the development of new antibacterial drugs. The present work has focused on identifying new inhibitors of the bacterial virulence factors thermolysin (TLN), pseudolysin (PLN, LasB) and aureolysin (ALN), which are all zinc metalloproteases (MPs) using enzyme ...

    • Zinc deficiency is common in several psychiatric disorders 

      Grønli, Ole Kristian; Kvamme, Jan-Magnus; Friborg, Oddgeir; Wynn, Rolf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Background: Mounting evidence suggests a link between low zinc levels and depression. There is, however, little knowledge about zinc levels in older persons with other psychiatric diagnoses. Therefore, we explore the zinc status of elderly patients suffering from a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Methods: Clinical data and blood samples for zinc analyzes were collected from 100 psychogeriatric ...

    • Zinc-Chelating Compounds as Inhibitors of Human and Bacterial Zinc Metalloproteases 

      Rahman, Fatema; Wushur, Imin; Malla, Nabin; Åstrand, Ove Alexander Høgmoen; Rongved, Pål; Winberg, Jan-Olof; Sylte, Ingebrigt (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-22)
      Inhibition of bacterial virulence is believed to be a new treatment option for bacterial infections. In the present study, we tested dipicolylamine (DPA), tripicolylamine (TPA), tris pyridine ethylene diamine (TPED), pyridine and thiophene derivatives as putative inhibitors of the bacterial virulence factors thermolysin (TLN), pseudolysin (PLN) and aureolysin (ALN) and the human zinc metalloproteases, ...

    • ZN148 Is a Modular Synthetic Metallo-beta-Lactamase Inhibitor That Reverses Carbapenem Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens In Vivo 

      Samuelsen, Ørjan; Åstrand, Ove Alexander Høgmoen; Frøhlich, Christopher; Heikal, Adam; Skagseth, Susann; Carlsen, Trine Josefine Olsen; Leiros, Hanna-Kirsti S.; Bayer, Annette; Schnaars, Christian; Kildahl-andersen, Geir; Lauksund, Silje; Finke, Sarah; Huber, Sandra; Gjøen, Tor; Andresen, Adriana Magalhaes Santos; Økstad, Ole Andreas; Rongved, Pål (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-21)
      Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens are a critical public health threat and there is an urgent need for new treatments. Carbapenemases (β-lactamases able to inactivate carbapenems) have been identified in both serine β-lactamase (SBL) and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) families. The recent introduction of SBL carbapenemase inhibitors has provided alternative therapeutic options. Unfortunately, ...

    • Zonda is a novel early component of the autophagy pathway in Drosophila 

      Melani, Mariana; Valko, Ayelen; Romero, Nuria M; Aguilera, Milton O; Acevedo, Julieta M; Bhujabal, Zambarlal; Perez-Perri, Joel; De La Riva-Carrasco, Rocio V; Katz, Maximiliano J; Sorianello, Eleonora; D'Alessio, Cecilia; Juhasz, Gabor; Johansen, Terje; Colombo, Maria I; Wappner, Pablo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-13)
      Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved process by which eukaryotic cells undergo self-digestion of cytoplasmic components. Here we report that a novel Drosophila immunophilin, which we have named Zonda, is critically required for starvation-induced autophagy. We show that Zonda operates at early stages of the process, specifically for Vps34-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) deposition. ...

    • Zwitterionic antimicrobial nanoparticles for biofilm therapy 

      Phung, Anna Ngoc (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-10)
      In recent years, many pathogenic bacteria have developed resistance against the existing antimicrobials, a phenomenon known as antimicrobial resistance (AMR). One of the many reasons contributing to the observed failure of current therapies, is the poor drug penetration across the microbial biofilm. Biofilms are small structural communities of bacterial cells that excrete an extracellular polymeric ...

    • «Æ føle vi e‘ reserveleger» Asymptomatisk bakterieuri i sykehjem En kvalitativ studie om sykepleieres erfaringer med å observere og vurdere pasienter i sykehjem, for å forebygge feilbruk av antibiotika ved asymptomatisk bakterieuri. 

      Kristoffersen, Ann-Iren Kildahl (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-05-04)
      Asymptomatisk bakterieuri (ABU) hos eldre i sykehjem er vanlig, og skal ikke behandles med antibiotika. Utfordringer med å skille ABU fra UVI kan lede til uhensiktsmessig bruk av antibiotika. Kriteriene for diagnostikk av UVI er ikke entydige og fordrer gode kliniske observasjoner og målrettet prøvetaking. Det er legens ansvar å diagnostisere eventuell UVI og forordne antibiotika, men sykepleier er ...

    • "Æ har nokka å fortell" : å arbeide med studentenes egne yrkesfortellinger 

      Knudsen, Liv-Berit (Book; Bok, 2001-06)
      Denne rapporten handler om hvordan studenter og yrkesutøvere kan arbeide med sykepleiefaget ved å bruke egne "yrkesfortellinger". Rapporten belyser hvordan arbeidsformen er brukt ved Høgskolen i Tromsø, Avdeling for helsefag, Videreutdanningen i eldreomsorg, og mine erfaringer og refleksjoner relatert til dette. Arbeidsformen kan også ha relevans for andre yrkesfaglige utdanninger. I rapporten ...

    • Økt subjektiv kostnad men ikke svekket anstrengelse hos en gruppe med psykoselidelser 

      Livsdatter, Lina (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2017-05-02)
      Sammendrag Et hovedtrekk ved schizofreni ser ut for å være at mennesker med lidelsen ikke engasjerer seg i målrettet atferd i lik grad som friske. Det er pekt på et paradoks om manglende målrettet, samtidig som pasientene godt kan sette pris på hendelser her og nå. Senere år har det kommet til nye metoder, som gir sprikende men likevel lovende funn i retning av at mennesker med schizofreni kan ...

    • Østrogenbehandling i overgangsalderen : å bruke eller ikke bruke? 

      Karlsen, Lise; Ølness, Ingrid Opheim (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-09-15)
      Vi har skrevet en oppgave hvor vi har gjort et litteraturstudie av hormonbehandling i overgangsalderen. Vi tok utgangspunkt i en problemstilling hvor vi ønsket å se på eventuelle fordeler ved bruk av hormontilskudd og risikoen for uheldige effekter i etterkant av behandlingen. I tillegg til å lese artikler fra PubMed har vi også tatt i bruk relevant faglitteratur. Spørsmålet om hormonbehandling ...

    • α,α-disubstituted β-amino amides eliminate Staphylococcus aureus biofilms by membrane disruption and biomass removal 

      Ausbacher, Dominik; Miller, Lindsey A.; Goeres, Darla M.; Stewart, Philip S.; Strøm, Morten Bøhmer; Fallarero, Adyary (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-25)
      Bacterial biofilms account for up to 80% of all infections and complicate successful therapies due to their intrinsic tolerance to antibiotics. Biofilms also cause serious problems in the industrial sectors, for instance due to the deterioration of metals or microbial contamination of products. Efforts are put in finding novel strategies in both avoiding and fighting biofilms. Biofilm control is ...

    • β-cyclodextrin polymers as cholesterol sequestrating agents 

      Fadeev, Nikolay Olegovich (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-08-19)
      Summary Elevated serum cholesterol blood levels is one of the central risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Lowering blood cholesterol have significant impact on lowering cardiovascular disease events. Inhibiting cholesterol absorption in small intestine can significantly lower serum cholesterol levels and thereby - lower cardiovascular events. Β-cyclodextrin (βCD)-dextran polymer is expected ...

    • β-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from imported and locally-produced chicken in Mozambique 

      Faife, Sara Lino; Zimba, Tomas; Sekyere, John Osei; Govinden, Usha; Chenia, Hafizah Y.; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Essack, Sabiha (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-31)
      Introduction: Plasmid-mediated resistance to β-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics was investigated in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from retailed frozen chickens from Brazil, South Africa and Mozambique.<p> <p>Methodology: Carcass swabs and the liquid thaw of 33 chickens from each of the three countries constituted the total sample size of 198. Isolates were identified by biochemical tests, ...

    • Ө-γ Cross-Frequency Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation over the Trough Impairs Cognitive Control 

      Turi, Zsolt; Mittner, Matthias; Lehr, Albert; Bürger, Hannah; Antal, Andrea; Paulus, Walter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-06)
      Cognitive control is a mental process, which underlies adaptive goal-directed decisions. Previous studies have linked cognitive control to electrophysiological fluctuations in the θ band and θ-γ cross-frequency coupling (CFC) arising from the cingulate and frontal cortices. However, to date, the behavioral consequences of different forms of θ-γ CFC remain elusive. Here, we studied the behavioral ...