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norskBlar i forfatter Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet "Iakunchykova, Olena"
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A biomarker approach to explain high cardiovascular disease burden in Russia: insights from population-based studies in Russia and Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-03-25)Although the problem of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Russia has been the subject of attention for decades, a definitive and comprehensive explanation of why the CVD burden there is so high and generally greater than in many other countries has still not been found. In this thesis, I have attempted to advance research on these issues by examining the role of blood lipids, heart damage biomarkers ... -
Comparing prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors between population-based surveys in Russia and Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-14)Background - Little data exists on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Russian population. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of CKD in a population-based study in Russia, compare with a similar study in Norway, and investigate whether differences in risk factors explained between-study differences in CKD.<p> <p>Methods - We compared age- and sex-standardised prevalence of ... -
Evidence for a direct harmful effect of alcohol on myocardial health: A large cross-sectional study of consumption patterns and cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers from northwest Russia, 2015 to 2017
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-18)<i>Background</i> - Alcohol drinking is an increasingly recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, there are few studies of the impact of harmful and hazardous drinking on biomarkers of myocardial health. We conducted a study in Russia to investigate the impact of heavy drinking on biomarkers of cardiac damage and inflammation.<p><p> <i>Methods and Results</i> - The Know Your ... -
Heavy alcohol drinking and subclinical echocardiographic abnormalities of structure and function
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-02)Objective - The aim of the study is to assess changes in heart structure and function associated with heavy alcohol use by comparing echocardiographic indices in a population-based sample to those in patients admitted to an inpatient facility with severe alcohol problems.<p> <p>Methods and results - We used data from the Know Your Heart study (2015–2017) which is a cross-sectional study that ... -
Machine-learning-derived heart and brain age are independently associated with cognition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-31)Background and purpose - A heart age biomarker has been developed using deep neural networks applied to electrocardiograms. Whether this biomarker is associated with cognitive function was investigated.<p> <p>Methods - Using 12-lead electrocardiograms, heart age was estimated for a population-based sample (N = 7779, age 40–85 years, 45.3% men). Associations between heart delta age (HDA) and ... -
Pharmacological management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure and lipids) following diagnosis of myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes: Comparison between population-based studies in Russia and Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-19)<i>Background</i> - Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is substantially higher in Russia than in neighbouring Norway. We aimed to compare blood pressure- and lipid-lowering medication use and proportion meeting treatment targets between general population samples in the two countries in those with CVD and diabetes.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - The study population was adults aged 40–69 years reporting ... -
Quantifying the contribution of established risk factors to cardiovascular mortality differences between Russia and Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-27)Surprisingly few attempts have been made to quantify the simultaneous contribution of well-established risk factors to CVD mortality differences between countries. We aimed to develop and critically appraise an approach to doing so, applying it to the substantial CVD mortality gap between Russia and Norway using survey data in three cities and mortality risks from the Emerging Risk Factor Collaboration. ... -
What factors explain the much higher diabetes prevalence in Russia compared with Norway? Major sex differences in the contribution of adiposity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-04)<i>Introduction</i> - Compared with many other countries Russia has a high prevalence of diabetes in men and women. However, contrary to what is found in most other populations, the risk is greater among women than men. The reasons for this are unclear.<br><br> <i>Research design and methods</i> - Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes at ages 40–69 years were compared in two population-based ... -
Why does Russia have such high cardiovascular mortality rates? Comparisons of blood-based biomarkers with Norway implicate non-ischaemic cardiac damage
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-15)<p><i>Background - </i>Russia has one of the highest rates of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). At age 35–69 years, they are eight times higher than in neighbouring Norway. Comparing profiles of blood-based CVD biomarkers between these two populations can help identify reasons for this substantial difference in risk. <p><i>Methods - </i>We compared age-standardised mean levels of CVD ...
