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Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and child overweight/obesity at 5-year follow-up: a prospective cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-18)
Background<br>
Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), may influence offspring weight gain. More prospective epidemiological studies are needed to compliment the growing body of evidence from animal studies.<p>
Methods<br>
Serum from 412 pregnant Norwegian and Swedish women participating in a Scandinavian prospective cohort study were collected in 1986–88, and analyses of two ...
High HIV and active tuberculosis prevalence and increased mortality risk in adults with symptoms of TB: a systematic review and meta-analyses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-31)
<i>Introduction</i>: HIV and tuberculosis (TB) remain leading causes of preventable death in low- and middle-income countries(LMICs). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends HIV testing for all individuals with TB symptoms, but implementation has been suboptimal. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analyses to estimate HIV and TB prevalence, and short-term (two to six months) ...
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as sentinels for the elucidation of Arctic environmental change processes: a comprehensive review combined with ArcRisk project results
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-28)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can be used as chemical sentinels for the assessment of anthropogenic influences on Arctic environmental change. We present an overview of studies on PCBs in the Arctic and combine these with the findings from ArcRisk—a major European Union-funded project aimed at examining the effects of climate change on the transport of contaminants to and their behaviour of in ...
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Adolescents in Northwest Russia: A Population Registry-Based Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-03)
This study aimed to assess whether adolescents have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy
outcomes (APO) compared to adult women. We used data on 43,327 births from the population-based
Arkhangelsk County Birth Registry, Northwest Russia, for 2012–2014. The perinatal outcomes
included stillbirth, preterm birth (<37 and <32 weeks), low and very low birthweight, 5 min Apgar
score <7 and <4, ...
Risk Factors for Ventricular Septal Defects in Murmansk County, Russia: A Registry-Based Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-24)
Cardiovascular malformations are one of the most common birth defects among newborns
and constitute a leading cause of perinatal and infant mortality. Although some risk factors are
recognized, the causes of cardiovascular malformations (CVMs) remain largely unknown. In this
study, we aim to identify risk factors for ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in Northwest Russia.
The study population ...
Patterns of detectable viraemia among children and adults with HIV infection taking antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-31)
<i>Objective</i>: To investigate the incidence and predictors of viraemia among individuals on antiretroviral
therapy (ART) in Harare, Zimbabwe.<p>
<p><i>Methods</i>: Children (0–19 years) and adults (>19 years) starting ART between 2013 and 2015 were
followed for a median of 2.8 and 2.7 years, respectively. The incidence rates of virological failure (VF),
low-level viraemia (LLV), and viral ...
Sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behaviour and knowledge about cervical cancer prevention as risk factors for high-risk human papillomavirus infection in Arkhangelsk, North-West Russia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-24)
While sociodemographic predictors of cervical cancer (CC) are well understood, predictors of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have not been fully elucidated. This study explored the HR-HPV infection positivity in relation to sociodemographic, sexual behavior characteristics and knowledge about HPV and CC prevention among women who visited the Arkhangelsk clinical maternity hospital ...
High prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities in older HIV-infected children taking antiretroviral therapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-28)
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased mortality so that increasing
numbers of children with HIV are reaching adolescence. However, longstanding HIV
infection and/or its treatment in children is associated with noninfectious complications
including cardiac disease. We investigated the prevalence, spectrum and risk factors for
echocardiographic abnormalities among children established ...
Racial Variation in Echocardiographic Reference Ranges for Left Chamber Dimensions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-04)
Abstract
Echocardiography plays a critical role in the assessment of cardiac disease. Important differences in echocardiographically
derived cardiac chamber dimensions have been previously highlighted in different population groups in adult studies, but this
has not been systematically studied in children, whose body size changes throughout childhood. The aim of this study was
to review the ...
Prenatal Exposure to Aluminum and Status of Selected Essential Trace Elements in Rural South AfricanWomen at Delivery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-15)
This study sought to evaluate the in utero exposure to aluminum and status of selected
trace elements in South African women at delivery since aluminum is known to be toxic in all
developmental stages even at low concentrations. Serum aluminum was negatively correlated with
aluminum in urine, both uncorrected and corrected for creatinine, which suggests the retention
of aluminum in body stores. ...