The present study was performed to examine whether residues 36–62 of TNFα contain the chemotactic domain of TNFα, and whether the p55 and p75 TNF receptors are involved in TNFα induced chemotaxis. The chemotactic effect of TNFα on PMN was inhibited by the mAbs Hrt-7b and Utr-1, against the p55 and p75 TNF receptors, respectively. Both receptors may therefore be required for mediating the chemotactic ...

In the present study we examined whether endothelin-1 stimulation of human monocytes causes release of chemotactic factors. It was found that monocytes released neutrophil- and monocyte-chemotactic activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner in response to ET-1. ET-1 did not show any chemotactic activity by itself. NCA was detected in monocyte supernatants in response to ET-1 (0.01–100 nM) after ...

INCREASED plasma- and tissue levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) during inflammatory diseases, have suggested a role of ET-1 in the pathophysiology of inflammatory reactions. The authors have studied the effect of ET-1 on cytokine release from monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. ET-1 increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Optimal ET-1 concentration ...

Prior calculation of the sex- and age-distributed positive predictive value (PPV) of a symptom in relation to a disease forms the basis for probability revision based on new information about signals observed during the medical encounter: a symptom, a sign, a piece of information based on the medical history, a laboratory test. Probability revision requires estimates of sensitivity and specificity ...

Most medical encounters start with the presentation of symptomns that lead to hypotheses about the diagnosis. It might be useful to know the probability of a disease when a symptom of it is presented in a consulation with a general practitioner, i.e., the positive predictive value (PPV) of a particular symptom in relation to a disease. A diagnostic index of this kind would need to be based ...

Secretion of the hormone melatonin shows a circadian rhythm and is inhibited by light. Light therapy with phase shifting of the melatonin rhythm has been used as treatment of sleeping problems and seasonal affective disorders (SAD). Exercise has also been shown to suppress the melatonin secretion. In order to investigate the effect of increased level of habitual physical activity upon ...

A method of calculating positive predictive values (PPVs) and likelihood ralios (LRs) on the basis of Bayesian probabilities has been described previously. In the present article the method is applied to a sore which does not heal in relation to skin cancer, a lump in the breast in relation to female breast cancer, genital bleeding in relation to internal genital cancer in fernales and ...