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Effect of Smoking Behavior before and during Pregnancy on Selected Birth Outcomes among Singleton Full-Term Pregnancy: A Murmansk County Birth Registry Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-02)
The aim of our study was to assess associations between smoking behavior before and during pregnancy and selected adverse birth outcomes. This study is based on the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR). Our study includes women who delivered a singleton pregnancy after 37 weeks of gestation (N = 44,486). Smoking information was self-reported and assessed at the first antenatal visit during pregnancy. ...
High HIV and active tuberculosis prevalence and increased mortality risk in adults with symptoms of TB: a systematic review and meta-analyses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-31)
<i>Introduction</i>: HIV and tuberculosis (TB) remain leading causes of preventable death in low- and middle-income countries(LMICs). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends HIV testing for all individuals with TB symptoms, but implementation has been suboptimal. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analyses to estimate HIV and TB prevalence, and short-term (two to six months) ...
Assessing the relationship between perfluoroalkyl substances, thyroid hormones and binding proteins in pregnant women; a longitudinal mixed effects approach
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-04)
<p>The mechanisms involved in thyroid homeostasis are complex, and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been indicated to interfere at several levels in this endocrine system. Disruption of the maternal thyroid homeostasis during early pregnancy is of particular concern, where subclinical changes in maternal thyroid hormones (THs) may affect embryonic and foetal development.</p>
<p>The present ...
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as sentinels for the elucidation of Arctic environmental change processes: a comprehensive review combined with ArcRisk project results
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-28)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can be used as chemical sentinels for the assessment of anthropogenic influences on Arctic environmental change. We present an overview of studies on PCBs in the Arctic and combine these with the findings from ArcRisk—a major European Union-funded project aimed at examining the effects of climate change on the transport of contaminants to and their behaviour of in ...
Maternal serum concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and their predictors in years with reduced production and use
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)
Prenatal exposure to cadmium, placental permeability and birth outcomes in coastal populations of South Africa
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-11-06)
Background
The impact of prenatal exposure to cadmium (Cd) on birth outcomes is an area of concern.
This study aimed to assess an impact of prenatal Cd exposure on birth outcomes in distinct
coastal populations of South Africa.
<p>Methods
Cadmium was measured in maternal blood (CdB) (n = 641), cord blood and in maternal
urine (n = 317). This investigation assessed the associations between CdB ...
Estimating Time-Varying PCB Exposures Using Person-Specific Predictions to Supplement Measured Values: A Comparison of Observed and Predicted Values in Two Cohorts of Norwegian Women
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)
Background: Studies on the health effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) call for an
understanding of past and present human exposure. Time-resolved mechanistic models may
supplement information on concentrations in individuals obtained from measurements and/or
statistical approaches if they can be shown to reproduce empirical data.
<p>Objectives: Here, we evaluated the capability of one ...
The Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio as a Potential Marker of Plasma Atherogenicity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)
Background. The apolipoprotein (apo) B/apoA-I ratio represents the balance between apoB-rich atherogenic particles and apoAI-rich
antiatherogenic particles, and this ratio is considered to be a marker of cardiovascular risk. Although many studies have
demonstrated the importance of the apoB/apoA-I ratio in predicting the presence or absence of cardiovascular disease, less is known
about apoB/apoA-I ...
Prevalence of birth defects in an Arctic Russian setting from 1973 to 2011: a register-based study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-01-10)
Background
Birth defects (BD) constitute an important public health issue as they are the main cause of infant death. Their prevalence in Europe for 2008–2012 was 25.6 per 1000 newborns. To date, there are no population-based studies for the Russian Federation. The aim of the present study is to estimate the prevalence of BD, its forms, and changes over time in the Russian Arctic city of Monchegorsk ...
Midwives’ Adherence to Preoperative Care Guidelines Prior to Emergency Caesarean Section at Bwaila Maternity Hospital in Malawi
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)