The aim of this paper is to re-activate certain layers of normative meaning that have been obscured, forgotten or rendered inoperative by the predominant traditions that engaged, from Grotius onwards, with the concept of <i>res communes omnium</i>. The hope and the purpose is that of offering a novel perspective on matters such as the protection and preservation of ocean commons that are of great ...

I en rekke rettstvister der reindriftssamenes interesser har kommet i konflikt med grunneiernes jordbruksinteresser, har reinbeiterettighetene blitt betraktet som en form for vikende rett eller tålt bruk. Jordskifterettene er gitt en særlig kompetanse til å behandle rettsutgreiing og bruksordning i reinbeiteområder, noe som gir grunnlag for å rette fokus på avgjørelsene i jordskifterettene og i ...

On 16 July 2015, in Oslo, the coastal states of the Arctic Ocean – Canada, Denmark, Norway, the Russian Federation and the United States (Arctic Five) – took a long-awaited further step in the international regulation of Arctic Ocean fisheries by signing the ‘Declaration Concerning the Prevention of Unregulated High Seas Fishing in the Central Arctic Ocean’ (Oslo Declaration). Key features of ...

<p>This article aims to analyse the participatory mechanisms in environmental decision making with a focus on indigenous peoples (IP)’s engagement in the Arctic Council (AC)’s decisions.</p> <p>The first part offers a comprehensive perspective of the IP self-determination requirement as both the means and the end of their full participation to environmental decisions: self-determination is both ...

Owing to a shift from the culture of compliance to the culture of benchmarking, the Polar Code process of ensuring safe operation and environmental protection in Polar waters is still ongoing. The risk and goal-based approaches embedded in significant parts of the Polar Code invite different stakeholders to participate in the development of Arctic shipping governance. The methodology used in the ...

Active use of the preparatory stage to promote a concentrated main hearing is a key element in Norwegian civil procedure. The judge actively manages the cage and prepares it for the main hearing. Judicial discretion is an important tool to allow the judge to tailor the proceedings to the need of the parties. If an issue or question is unclear, the judge has a duty to help the parties clarify the ...

As the oceans are heavily impacted by climate change, effective regulatory responses are needed to mitigate, as well as to adapt to, these adverse effects. Problematically, however, neither the international climate change regime nor the international law of the sea specifically addresses the adverse effects of climate change on the oceans. This article analyses the interactions between these regimes, ...

Published in 1950, Carl Schmitt’s Nomos of the Earth has been one of the most influential contributions in legal theory, illustrating inter alia the territorial conceptualization of the Eurocentric global legal order. While the Earth’s nomos has been largely hinged on the constructed ontology of a land-sea dichotomy and the appropriation and division of space through the establishment of sovereignty ...

Negotiations are ongoing to develop an international legally binding instrument (ILBI) under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). If adopted, the ILBI will likely apply to parts of the Arctic Ocean where the Arctic Council has played an important role for ocean ...

The development of regional governance for the protection of the environment, sustainable use of natural resources and conservation of its biodiversity is unquestionably a cornerstone of international environmental law and policy. With regard to marine and coastal issues, it has mainly been taking place through Regional Seas programmes, Regional Fishery Bodies and Large Marine Ecosystems mechanisms. ...