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Redrawing the Boundaries of Membership: Labor Migrants in the UN Convention on Migrant Workers, NAFTA, and the European Union
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
Labor migrants occupy an indeterminate place in the rights regimes of nation-states. Even when engaged in documented movements, labor migrants enjoy a set of rights more limited than those of citizens. This dissertation reviews three international legal agreements, the UN Convention on Migrant Workers, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the European Union (EU) in order to understand ...
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the Universal Periodic Review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
The subject of this research is human rights related to Sexual orientation and gender identity in the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of the United Nations. The UPR is a unique peer review mechanism which reviews all UN member states in a universal manner, but also a source of politicisation along regional lines. This politicisation has a detrimental effect on the universality of the process, ...
Differential Treatment – The Road to Equality Paved with Discrimination? Case Study of Sharia Law and Gender Inequalities in Great Britain
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-06-05)
The main question underpinning this research is the challenge of managing diversity in plural societies, especially when minority practices are incompatible with Western liberal values. The dilemma is whether to tolerate and even support minority practices in the form of differential treatment, or to equalize the rights of all citizens which could consequently infringe upon minorities’ cultural and ...
“NIQUE LA FRANCE”. French rappers' artistic and/or political expressions and the limits of the right to freedom of expression
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
The right to freedom of expression is defined and protected by several national and international instruments. However, it does not exist any definition universally accepted, which implies that the limits of this right are not clear. Therefore, many States adopt different laws fixing limits to freedom of expression when the existence of hate speech is proved.
In France, the debate on the right to ...
Lawful Limitation or Northern Influence? Restricting the Freedom of Expression of Tibetan Refugees in Nepal
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
Any exercise of Right to freedom of expression of Tibetan refugees living in Nepal if deemed as ‘anti-Chinese activity’ is restricted by the Government of Nepal. Nepal, having ratified the ICCPR, has undertaken an international obligation to recognize and protect freedom of expression. In this context, this paper aims to examine the lawfulness of the restriction imposed by Nepal within the framework ...
Gender-Based Persecution and the (inadequate) use of the Concept of Gender - A textual analysis of the construction of women's gender-based asylum claims in the Swedish asylum determination system
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05)
Abstract
Asylum determination has, historically, not been sensitive to women's gender-based claims. Rather, male experiences and governmental persecution have been held as preferences in asylum determination. There have been international calls to assess gender-based claims in relation to a social constructivist approach towards gender, in order to eradicate the misinterpretations of women's ...
THE ENVIRONMENT AS A SPACE FOR POWER-RELATED DISPUTES. Offshore oil exploration in New Zealand: A clash between corporate interests, governmental agenda and indigenous peoples’ rights
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
As new technologies are developed, the operations of extractive industries are
increasingly affecting indigenous peoples’ lands and natural resources. Thus, the
environment has become an essential element in conflicts involving companies,
governments and indigenous peoples. The main aim of this dissertation is to study,
mainly through discourse analysis, how these different actors construct a ...
Bolsa Familia Program: a case study of Brazil’s Conditional Cash Transfer Program and its concepts of poverty
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
Poverty has been considered the worst and most widespread human rights violation in the 20th century affecting millions of people. Many authors have tried to define poverty and several theories were created to conceptualize it. Despite sharing similar aspects, these theoretical streams do not form one single coherent theory of poverty. Rather they add to a complex multidimensional perspective of ...
Embedded Journalism and American Media Coverage of Civilian Casualties in Iraq
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
During the eight-year war in Iraq that lasted from March 2003 until December 2011, two kinds of journalists reported on the war, those who were with the military (embedded) and those who were not (unilateral). The embedding process, created by the Pentagon and implemented for the first time in Iraq, has been highly criticised and singled out as a key factor in the low American media coverage of ...
TOWARDS THE EMERGENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS? A discussion of the relevance of the right to a safe and healthy environment
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-23)
This dissertation focuses on the link between human rights and the environment and the emergence of environmental human rights in the form of an individual, substantive, third generation right to a safe and healthy environment.
It aims at formulating a working definition of the right to a safe and healthy environment (RSHE). To do so, I first discuss the theoretical relationship between human ...