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norskArtikler, rapporter og annet (UB): Recent submissions
Now showing items 2601-2620 of 3260
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Plasma levels of interleukin 27 in falciparum malaria is increased independently of co-infection with HIV: Potential immune-regulatory role during malaria
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-21)<i>Background</i> - The immune response during falciparum malaria mediates both harmful and protective effects on the host; however the participating molecules have not been fully defined. Interleukin (IL)-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine exerting both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, but data on IL-27 in malaria patients are scarce.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - Clinical data and blood samples ... -
U–Pb dating of calcite in ancient carbonates for age estimates of syn- to post-depositional processes: a case study from the upper Ediacaran of Finnmark, Arctic Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-10)Results of <i>in situ</i> U–Pb dating of calcite spherulites, cone‐in‐cone (CIC) calcite and calcite fibres from a calcareous concretion of the upper Ediacaran of Finnmark, Arctic Norway, are reported. Calcite spherulites from the innermost layers of the concretion yielded a lower intercept age of 563 ± 70 Ma, which although imprecise, is within uncertainty of the age of sedimentation based on fossil ... -
Combining selection models and population structures to inform fisheries management: a case study on hake in the Mediterranean bottom trawl fishery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-10)The reduction of juvenile catch and discards are important targets in fisheries policy. This work examines how selection models can predict the size structure (LFD) of discards and landings considering the effects of area, time period, gear and fisher behaviour. Additional exploitation indicators related to the gear used, fisher's selection pattern, and discards were also estimated. The approach is ... -
Navs vurdering av brukeres bistandsbehov - Rettssikkerhet ved overgang til arbeid
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-13)Ut fra Navs samfunnsmandat om å fremme arbeidsinkludering for brukere med ulike ressurser og behov har jeg undersøkt hvordan Nav-ansatte erfarer sitt arbeid med å fatte vedtak om brukernes bistandsbehov. Jeg har drøftet hvordan rettsriktig vedtak fordrer en tilstrekkelig kartlegging, hvordan kvaliteten i beslutningsgrunnlaget fremmes gjennom brukerens deltakelse, samt hvordan brukernes bistandsbehov ... -
Artificial light during the polar night disrupts Arctic fish and zooplankton behavior down to 200 m depth
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-05)For organisms that remain active in one of the last undisturbed and pristine dark environments on the planet—the Arctic Polar Night—the moon, stars and aurora borealis may provide important cues to guide distribution and behaviours, including predator-prey interactions. With a changing climate and increased human activities in the Arctic, such natural light sources will in many places be masked by ... -
Rosuvastatin alters the genetic composition of the human gut microbiome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-25)The gut microbiome contributes to the variation of blood lipid levels, and secondary bile acids are associated with the effect of statins. Yet, our knowledge of how statins, one of our most common drug groups, affect the human microbiome is scarce. We aimed to characterize the effect of rosuvastatin on gut microbiome composition and inferred genetic content in stool samples from a randomized controlled ... -
Impacts of a weir and power station on downstream migrating Atlantic salmon smolts in a German river
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-10)Weirs are barriers built across rivers for a wide range of other purposes than hydropower production. Like hydropower installations, weirs can negatively impact fish migrations. Downstream migration and mortality of Atlantic salmon smolts were studied during passage of a weir and power station by tagging 227 smolts with radio transmitters. Extra loss of smolts due to the weir and adjacent reservoir ... -
Acritarchs from the Duolbagáisá Formation (Cambrian Series 2-Miaolingian) on the Digermulen Peninsula, Finnmark, Arctic Norway: towards a high-resolution Cambrian chronostratigraphy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-24)New information on acritarchs from the Duolbagáisá Formation, Digermulen Peninsula, Arctic Norway, enable recognition of the three Cambrian Series 2 acritarch-based zones: the <i>Skiagia ornata–Fimbriaglomerella membranacea, Heliosphaeridium dissimilare–Skiagia ciliosa and Volkovia dentifera–Liepaina plana</i> Assemblage zones. Acritarchs of the <i>Skiagia ornata–Fimbriaglomerella membranacea</i> ... -
Potential use of time-lapse surface seismics for monitoring thawing of the terrestrial arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-09)The terrestrial Arctic is warming rapidly, causing changes in the degree of freezing of the upper sediments, which the mechanical properties of unconsolidated sediments strongly depend upon. This study investigates the potential of using time-lapse surface seismics to monitor thawing of currently (partly) frozen ground utilizing synthetic and real seismic data. First, we construct a simple geological ... -
Barriers to access of healthcare services by immigrant population in Scandinavia: a scoping review protocol
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-07)<p><i>Introduction - </i>Access to healthcare services for legal immigrants in Scandinavia is part of the policy agenda of the various governments as they strive to provide equal healthcare services to its citizens. Legal immigrants have the same rights as natives; however, studies have shown that there are inequalities in access to healthcare services between legal immigrants and natives. The extent ... -
Spatio-temporal dynamics of multi-trophic communities reveal ecosystem-wide functional reorganization
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-13)Large‐scale alterations in marine ecosystems as a response to environmental and anthropogenic pressures have been documented worldwide. Yet, these are primarily investigated by assessing abundance fluctuations of a few dominant species, which inadequately reflect ecosystem‐wide changes. In addition, it is increasingly recognized that it is not species identity per se, but their traits that determine ... -
Landskap som hjem
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-23)I denne artikkelen gjør jeg en nylesing av Marianne Gullestads bok <i>Hverdagsfilosofer. Verdier, selvforståelse og samfunnssyn i det moderne Norge</i>, med særlig vekt på hennes fortolkning av sjøsamiske Einars selvbiografi – og måter Einar reflekterer rundt minner og felles hukommelse gjennom landskap. For å kunne utdype argumentasjon om minner som del av et landskap, vil jeg sette Gullestads ... -
Clinical guided computer tomography decisions are advocated in potentially severely injured trauma patients: a one-year audit in a level 1 trauma centre with long pre-hospital times
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-10)<i>Background</i> - The International Commission on Radiological Protection’s (ICRP) justification principles state that an examination is justified if the potential benefit outweighs the risk for radiation harm. Computer tomography (CT) contributes 50% of the radiation dose from medical imaging, and in trauma patients, the use of standardized whole body CT (SWBCT) increases. Guidelines are lacking, ... -
Forekomst, variasjon og kjønnsforskjeller av depressive symptomer blant barn og unge som deltar i ulike fritidsaktiviteter, en tverrsnittstudie
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-28)Depressive symptoms among children and adolescents pose a significant health challenge, yet little is known about gender differences, incidence and variation of depressive symptoms. A population-based sample of children and adolescents aged 11-14, (N = 1748) was mapped for the occurrence of depressive symptoms across various leisure activities. The results show that those who participate in sports, ... -
Big Five Personality Profiles in the Norwegian Special Operations Forces
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-05)This study is the first to report on Big Five personality traits of employees in the Norwegian military Special Operations Forces (NORSOF). Three research questions were formulated for this study, aiming to investigate (1) whether age, number of combat-deployments and rank (OR/OF) had an impact on the personalities of NORSOF employees, (2) possible personality differences between personnel organized ... -
DataverseNO: A National, Generic Repository and its Contribution to the Increased FAIRness of Data from the Long Tail of Research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2020-05-31)Research data repositories play a crucial role in the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) ecosystem of digital objects. DataverseNO is a national, generic repository for open research data, primarily from researchers affiliated with Norwegian research organizations. The repository runs on the open-source software Dataverse. This article presents the organization and operation of ... -
Optimal estimation of lice release from aquaculture based on ambient temperatures
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-30)Models for mapping and forecasting infective pressure from salmon louse <i>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</i> larvae are of major importance in the Norwegian government’s management of salmonid aquaculture. These models use site-reported temperature and number of egg-producing female adult lice present within cages to calculate how many lice eggs and larvae are released from individual farms. The reported ... -
The effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on IBS related quality of life and fatigue in moderate to severe non-constipated irritable bowel: Secondary endpoints of a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-23)<i>Background</i> - Severity in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated to impaired quality of life and fatigue. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) induces significant relief in gastro-intestinal related complaints. The objective was to evaluate the effect of FMT on the secondary endpoints: IBS-related quality of life and fatigue in patients with non-constipated IBS.<p><p> <i>Method</i> ... -
Violence rate dropped during a shift to individualized patient-oriented care in a high security forensic psychiatric ward
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-05)<i>Background</i> - Contextual variables such as staff characteristics, treatment programs, assessment routines and administrative structures are found to influence patient violence rates in psychiatric forensic wards. The possible effects of current developments in treatment philosophy emphasizing patientsˈ perspective and treatment involvement upon violence rate have not yet been examined. The aim ... -
The effect of blood pressure on cognitive performance. An 8-year follow-up of the Tromsø Study, comprising people aged 45–74 Years
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-21)<i>Background</i>: The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and cognition is complex were age appears to be an intervening variable. High and low BP have been associated with cognitive deficits as part of the aging process, but more studies are needed, especially in more recent birth cohorts.<p><p> <i>Methods</i>: The study sample comprised 4,465 participants, with BP measured at baseline in ...
