The question this article wishes to raise, albeit in a preliminary and exploratory manner, is whether or not the Arctic, due to its special ecological circumstances, should be regulated in some special ways within the context of the new BBNJ agreement. Taking as the starting point some of the existing special rules adopted under UNCLOS and the IMO to account for special ecological circumstances, ...

This article offers a critical interrogation of the relationship between two emerging conceptual frameworks whose importance has grown quickly within the context of international environmental law: the ecosystem approach and ecosystem services. Both premised on the concept of the ecosystem, their origin is parallel, but their present and future is convergent and increasingly intertwined. The ecosystem ...

There is a general and widespread consensus on the negative impacts of invasive alien species on biological diversity. Invasive alien species are indeed considered a fundamental threat for endemic biological diversity. Their introduction to novel environments is often described, eloquently, as a <i>biological invasion</i>. How is the threat of invasive alien species addressed in international law? ...

This article explores some of the ways in which marine genetic resources conceptually and normatively intersect with the concept and idea of commons. Through an analysis of the terminological ambiguities and semantic slippages characterizing the usage of the concept of commons in international law, the article addresses questions relation to the idea of global commons and to the multiple reciprocal ...