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Polygenic selection drives the evolution of convergent transcriptomic landscapes across continents within a Nearctic sister species complex
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-03)
In contrast to the plethora of studies focusing on the genomic basis of adaptive phenotypic divergence, the role of gene expression during speciation has been much less investigated and consequently less understood. Yet, the convergence of differential gene expression patterns between closely related species‐pairs might reflect the role of natural selection during the process of ecological speciation. ...
Cold seawater induces early sexual developmental stages in the BPG axis of European eel males
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-22)
<i>Background</i>: The impossibility of closing the life cycle of the European eel (<i>Anguilla anguilla</i>) in captivity troubles the
future of this critically endangered species. In addition, the European eel is a highly valued and demanded resource,
thus the successful closing of its life cycle would have a substantial economic and ecological impact. With the aim of
obtaining the highest ...
Hiding in the background: community-level patterns in invertebrate herbivory across the tundra biome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-03)
Invertebrate herbivores depend on external temperature for growth and metabolism. Continued warming in tundra ecosystems is proposed to result in increased invertebrate herbivory. However, empirical data about how current levels of invertebrate herbivory vary across the Arctic is limited and generally restricted to a single host plant or a small group of species, so predicting future change remains ...
Trophic interactions and abiotic factors drive functional and phylogenetic structure of vertebrate herbivore communities across the Arctic tundra biome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-29)
Communities are assembled from species that evolve or colonise a given geographic region, and persist in the face of abiotic conditions and interactions with other species. The evolutionary and colonisation histories of communities are characterised by phylogenetic diversity, while functional diversity is indicative of abiotic and biotic conditions. The relationship between functional and phylogenetic ...
Global diversity and geography of planktonic marine fungi
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-24)
Thermal behaviour of edible crab Cancer pagurus Linnaeus, 1758 in coastal Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-26)
Ocean warming drives latitudinal shifts in the distribution of ectotherm species. The rate and magnitude of such shifts are constrained by physiology and behavioural thermoregulation. Here, we investigated the thermal preference and lower critical temperature (CTmin) in female edible crab <i>Cancer pagurus</i>, a decapod crustacean with an ongoing northward dispersal along the Norwegian coast. The ...
Microbial danger signals control transcriptional induction of distinct MHC class I L lineage genes in Atlantic salmon
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-11)
Antigen processing and presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is a cornerstone in vertebrate immunity. Like mammals, teleosts possess both classical MHC class I and multiple families of divergent MHC class I genes. However, while certain mammalian MHC class I-like molecules have proven to be integral in immune regulation against a broad array of pathogens, the biological ...
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-11)
Recent molecular evidence suggests a global distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions of fungi to marine ecosystems remains largely unknown. We assessed fungal biomass from the open Arctic Ocean by applying novel biomass conversion factors from cultured isolates to environmental sterol and CARD-FISH data. <br>We found an average of ...
Comparison of fishing efficiency between biodegradable PBSAT gillnets and conventional nylon (PA) gillnets
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-19)
Gillnets made of a new biodegradable resin (polybutylene succinate co-adipate-co-terephthalate (PBSAT) were tested under commercial fishing conditions to compare their fishing performance with that of conventional nylon (PA) nets. The relative catch efficiency between the two gillnet 15 types was evaluated over the entire winter fishing season for cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) in northern Norway. The ...
Interbreeding between local and translocated populations of a cleaner fish in an experimental mesocosm predicts risk of disrupted local adaptation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-09)
Translocation of organisms within or outside its native range carries the risk of modifying the community of the recipient ecosystems and induces gene flow between locally adapted populations or closely related species. In this study, we evaluated the genetic consequences of large‐scale translocation of cleaner wrasses that has become a common practice within the salmon aquaculture industry in ...