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Antecedents of consumer evaluation and consumption of functional food
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-15)
The overall aim of this dissertation is to improve the theoretical and empirical understanding of consumers’ behavioral tendencies toward functional food consumption. The main purpose is to provide a deeper understanding of antecedents that are relevant for explaining consumer evaluation of functional food and consumption behavior. Functional foods are food products that have been enriched to make ...
Mapping nature’s contribution to people: Opportunities and limitations of crowdsourced data to identify place-based values and conservation concerns
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-06-16)
Nature provides people with a wide range of benefits, also known as nature’s contributions to people (NCP). The NCP framework evolved from the Ecosystem services (ES) concept as a response to the critiques and misconceptions associated with ES over the last years. Broadening ES valuations that have been dominated by economic valuations, the NCP framework emphasizes a pluralistic approach to valuation ...
Bycatch reduction and alternative exploitation patterns in demersal trawl fisheries of the Baltic Sea and the North Sea
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-17)
<p>In the Baltic Sea and North Sea, the sustainability of bottom-trawl fisheries is threatened by many issues, such as the impact of climate change on exploited demersal stocks, long-term overfishing, and the European Landing Obligation for quoted species. This thesis identifies challenges to bycatch and harvesting patterns of targeted species in four relevant Baltic Sea and North Sea bottom-trawl ...
Bioprospecting of Arctic marine microorganisms. Exploring microbial secondary metabolite production using the one strain-many compounds approach: isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-20)
<p>Natural products have been used by humans since ancient times as benefactors for improved health. Prior to modern medicine and chemistry, these compounds remained hidden in the plants, animals and other organisms used to heal inflammation, wounds, headache and stomachache among other conditions. Since the start of modern drug discovery with isolation of morphine in 1805, numerous natural products ...
Application of economic tools for informing Atlantic salmon management in Norway. Opportunity cost of protection measures, valuation of ecosystem services and environmental cost-benefit analysis.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-10-23)
This thesis explores various aspects of the application of economic analysis to Atlantic salmon management in Norway. The purpose and contributions are twofold. On the one hand, the thesis seeks to improve economic toolbox used to analyse environmental-economic trade-offs. On the other hand, it yields specific conclusions and recommendations for the case of Atlantic salmon management in Norway and ...
Long-term dynamics of metazoan parasites in an age- and size-structured host population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-10-29)
<p>Parasites negatively affect hosts and may constitute serious management problems. At the same time, parasites are integral components of ecosystems and represent a substantial part of the biodiversity on earth. Understanding the ecological factors that influence the abundance and distribution of parasite populations is therefore important from a management perspective, but also to understand the ...
Bioprospecting of marine fungi from the High Arctic: A study of high latitude marine fungi from understudied taxa; bioactivity potential, taxonomy and genomics
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-06-17)
Marine fungi comprise a group of organisms that have been overlooked for a long time. Research interest has increased with the realization of the important ecological role and rich chemistry of marine fungi. Marine fungi have yielded thousands of new natural products the last decade, but many taxa remain unstudied. Marine fungi from the Arctic have not been reported in literature in regard to ...
Fisher's effort allocation behavior and decision-making process in the Norwegian trawl fishery
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-06-09)
The empirical investigation of fishers’ harvest behavior is an important but neglected strand of fishery science. In this thesis, we fill some of this gap by developing empirical models to investigate trawlers’ harvest behavior over time and space in codfish fisheries, managed using individual vessel quotas (IVQs).
Fishers’ harvest behavior is reflected in the decision-making processes underlying ...
Bioprospecting of marine phytoplankton from large scale cultivation - Effect of culture conditions on bioactivity and biochemistry of the diatom Porosira glacialis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-06-23)
The diatoms make up the largest and most important group of marine microalgae. They are responsible for a quarter of all inorganic carbon fixation in the ocean and are thus of immense importance for global CO2 sequestration. This makes them good candidates for biological carbon capture and utilization (CCU) by mass cultivation using CO2 emissions from industrial point sources. Large scale cultivation ...
Economic incentives in outpatient care and patient demand for pharmaceuticals. A study of antibiotics and addictive drugs prescriptions
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-12-07)
The questions asked in this thesis relate to the economic incentives and characteristics of the health care market, which may result in suboptimal drug prescription. We consider two types of pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics and addictive drugs. These pharmaceuticals are interesting because their use/misuse is associated with costs both at the individual and societal levels. The decision about ...