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Parasitism and the Biodiversity-Functioning Relationship
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-15)
Species interactions can influence ecosystem functioning by enhancing or suppressing the activities of species that drive ecosystem processes, or by causing changes in biodiversity. However, one important class of species interactions – parasitism – has been little considered in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BD-EF) research. Parasites might increase or decrease ecosystem processes by ...
New parasites and predators follow the introduction of two fish species to a subarctic lake: implications for food-web structure and functioning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
Introduced species can alter the topology of food webs. For instance, an introduction can aid the arrival of free-living consumers using the new species as a resource, while new parasites may also arrive with the introduced species. Food-web responses to species additions can thus be far more complex than anticipated. In a subarctic pelagic food web with free-living and parasitic species, two fish ...
Molecular analyses reveal high cryptic diversity of trematodes in a sub-Arctic lake
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-14)
To identify trematode diversity and life-cycles in the sub-Arctic Lake Takvatn, Norway, we characterised
120 trematode isolates from mollusc first intermediate hosts, metacercariae from second intermediate
host fishes and invertebrates, and adults from fish and invertebrate definitive hosts, using molecular
techniques. Phylogenies based on nuclear and/or mtDNA revealed high species richness (24 ...
Parasites as prey in aquatic food webs: implications for predator infection and parasite transmission
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-04-25)
While the recent inclusion of parasites into food-web studies has highlighted the role of parasites as consumers, there is accumulating evidence that parasites can also serve as prey for predators. Here we investigated empirical patterns of predation on parasites and their relationships with parasite transmission in eight topological food webs representing marine and freshwater ecosystems. Within ...
Ontogenetic dynamics of infection with Diphyllobothrium spp. cestodes in sympatric Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (L.) and brown trout Salmo trutta L.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-23)
The trophic niches of Arctic charr and brown trout differ when the species occur in
sympatry
. Their
trophically transmitted parasit
es are expected to reflect these
differences.
Here
, we investigate how the infections
of
Diphyllobothrium dendriticum
and
Diphyllobothrium ditremum
differ between
charr and trout. These tapeworms use
copepods ...
High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-05)
Amphipods are often key species in aquatic food webs due to their functional roles in the ecosystem and as intermediate hosts for trophically transmitted parasites. Amphipods can also host many parasite species, yet few studies address the entire parasite community of a gammarid population, precluding a more dynamic understanding of the food web. We set out to identify and quantify the parasite ...
Fish culling reduces tapeworm burden in Arctic charr by increasing parasite mortality rather than by reducing density-dependent transmission
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-25)
<ol>
<li>Two common <i>Dibothriocephalus</i> (formerly <i>Diphyllobothrium</i>) tapeworm species were significantly reduced by experimental culling of their fish host Arctic charr (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>) in a subarctic lake.</li><p>
<p><li>Between 1984 and 1991, funnel traps were used to cull ~35 metric tons of Arctic charr, reducing charr density by ~80%. As charr densities decreased, ...