An intriguing aspect in microbial communities is that pairwise interactions can be influenced by neighboring species. This creates context dependencies for microbial interactions that are based on the functional composition of the community. Context dependent interactions are ecologically important and clearly present in nature, yet firmly established theoretical methods are lacking from many modern ...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a high-throughput technology with potential to infer nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) content of all vascular plants based on empirical calibrations with chemical analysis, but is currently limited to the sample populations upon which it is based. Here we provide a first step towards a global arctic-alpine NIRS model of foliar N, P and C content. We ...

Knowledge of the life history of populations at the warm edge of their distributional range can provide a better understanding of how they will adapt to climate warming, including potential poleward redistribution. The range of Gray Snapper Lutjanus griseus has the potential to expand along its northern temperate fringe, but little is known about this species in the warmest portion of its range. ...

Climate change and pollution resulting from human activities in the Arctic require reliable monitoring systems in sentinel species. Mytilus spp. are used as sentinel species all around the world. The use of Mytilus spp. in environmental monitoring requires knowledge about natural variations in pollution biomarkers. Seasonal variations in baseline levels of biomarkers were studied over a year in the ...

The jellyfish <i>Periphylla periphylla</i>, which can have strong ecological impacts on its environment, is ubiquitous in the Norwegian Sea and its range was predicted to extend northwards. The occurrence of <i>P. periphylla</i> in the northern Barents Sea increased since 2014 and, for the first time, several individuals were collected within a high Arctic fjord (> 78°N) in western Spitsbergen in ...

The increased transport of terrestrially derived organic material (tOM) from catchments to rivers and lakes is leading to browning of northern freshwaters.(1) Although the same environmental drivers can be expected to lead to widespread increases in tOM and subsequent darkening in adjacent coastal systems,(2) this has received considerably less attention, and long-term monitoring data for detecting ...

This study is motivated by the ongoing debate on resource rent taxation in Norwegian fisheries. Drawing on strategy literature, this paper argues that resource rent is just one of several conceivable sources of above-normal profit (superprofit) for a firm in a natural resource-based industry. The financial statements of almost the whole population of the Norwegian purse seine fleet were analyzed (61 ...

Wild cod is a scarce and valuable natural resource. However, cod fishing along the coast of northern Norway has largely been about fishing as much as possible with the least possible resource effort, and thereby at the lowest cost. This traditional volume logic is rooted in biology, meteorology, and small scale capture technology. The logic is further enhanced by new large scale capture technology ...

Using transition theory from political science, this paper analyses how the lives of children of Norwegians punished for collaboration with the German occupant were adversely influenced by transitional justice after the return to democracy in 1945. The paper highlights how the complexity and hectic character of such regime changes are associated with a high risk for unintended social outcomes, a ...