Analyses of atmospheric icing events hold the key for computing the significant parameters leading to icing load calculations. In the cold regions of the high north, atmospheric icing loads on structures become important when it comes to design and safety of infrastructures. Furthermore, icing load calculations over a certain period of time provide a vital input for designers to improve the ...

This paper presents a distributed algorithm for identifying the ownership of new-born reindeer calves using wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Reindeer are semi wild animals giving birth while in the wild. Although reindeer cows usually carry identification tags or signs of their owners, it is difficult to identify the ownership of the calves within a mixed herd. Currently, identification is performed ...

A state of the art review of atmospheric icing sensors is presented in this article, in order to understand their design and working principle for future developments. It is found that most atmospheric icing sensors which are capable of delivering maximum information are based upon direct measurement of the physical properties (electrical or mechanical) of atmospheric ice. Some field measurements ...

A design study of an atmospheric icing sensor is presented in this article. The proposed design of the sensor is aimed to detect an atmospheric icing event, to determine ice type as well as to measure icing load, icing rate and melting rate. This sensor is constantly slowly rotating cylinder with four fins which measure atmospheric icing load and icing rate using rotational load measurement technique. ...

This paper presents a case study to investigate the potential for upgrade of a bio-waste treatment plant. The paper also discusses development potentials in order to optimize the plant for maximum energy and environmental benefits. Data gathered over two consecutive years about the production of biogas, energy and bio-rest were considered and mass balance analysis of inputs and outputs of the ...

A techno-economic feasibility study of liquid bio-fuel production from biomass to meet the demand for public transport in small communities is presented. The methodology adopted in this work is based on calculating the demand of fuels required by transport sector and then estimating the amount of available biomass from various sources which can be treated to produce biofuels to meet the demand ...

Heat engines, such as internal combustion engines, have significant adverse effects on the environment due to their heat and harmful emissions. In addition, they are dependent on energy from fossil resources, which are depleting rapidly and they are not being properly utilized due to the relatively low efficiency of heat engines usually expressed by Carnot's efficiency. The low temperature direct ...

This paper presents design considerations for a shock tube experimental rig used to investigate the dynamic failure mechanisms of shell geometries subjected to water shock impact loading. In such setup, it is desirable that the drive pressure used within the tube can provide a wide range of impulsive loads on the test structures and some flexibility can be achieved on the applied pulse durations. ...

Efficiency of wind fences is evaluated by the reduction of wind velocity and the effective shelter area behind the fence. Fence porosity is the most influential structural parameters in the porous fence design, and has significant impact on the structure of wind velocity and turbulence leeward. In this work, three fences with porosity of 23%, 35% and 45% have been tested under 10m/s inlet velocity ...

This paper presents a technique for identifying the ownership of new-born reindeer claves using wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which is an important tool that can be used to acquire useful information about animals’ activities and movements. Reindeer are semi wild and they give birth while in the wild. Although reindeer cows usually carry identification tags or signs of their owners, it is ...