• Hierarchical Representation Learning in Graph Neural Networks with Node Decimation Pooling 

      Bianchi, Filippo Maria; Grattarola, Daniele; Livi, Lorenzo; Alippi, Cesare (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-31)
      In graph neural networks (GNNs), pooling operators compute local summaries of input graphs to capture their global properties, and they are fundamental for building deep GNNs that learn hierarchical representations. In this work, we propose the Node Decimation Pooling (NDP), a pooling operator for GNNs that generates coarser graphs while preserving the overall graph topology. During training, the ...
    • Spectral clustering with graph neural networks for graph pooling 

      Bianchi, Filippo Maria; Grattarola, Daniele; Alippi, Cesare (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2020)
      Spectral clustering (SC) is a popular clustering technique to find strongly connected communities on a graph. SC can be used in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to implement pooling operations that aggregate nodes belonging to the same cluster. However, the eigendecomposition of the Laplacian is expensive and, since clustering results are graph-specific, pooling methods based on SC must perform a ...
    • Understanding Pooling in Graph Neural Networks 

      Grattarola, Daniele; Zambon, Daniele; Bianchi, Filippo Maria; Alippi, Cesare (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-21)
      Many recent works in the field of graph machine learning have introduced pooling operators to reduce the size of graphs. In this article, we present an operational framework to unify this vast and diverse literature by describing pooling operators as the combination of three functions: selection, reduction, and connection (SRC). We then introduce a taxonomy of pooling operators, based on some of ...