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norskArtikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin): Recent submissions
Now showing items 181-200 of 1522
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Trajectories of body mass index in adulthood and risk of subtypes of postmenopausal breast cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-28)Background - Body fatness is a dynamic exposure throughout life. To provide more insight into the association between body mass index (BMI) and postmenopausal breast cancer, we aimed to examine the age at onset, duration, intensity, and trajectories of body fatness in adulthood in relation to risk of breast cancer subtypes.<p> <p>Methods - Based on self-reported anthropometry in the prospective ... -
Dietary amino acids and risk of stroke subtypes: a prospective analysis of 356,000 participants in seven European countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-07)Purpose - Previously reported associations of protein-rich foods with stroke subtypes have prompted interest in the assessment of individual amino acids. We examined the associations of dietary amino acids with risks of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in the EPIC study.<p> <p>Methods - We analysed data from 356,142 participants from seven European countries. Dietary intakes of 19 individual ... -
Physical activity, residential greenness, and cardiac autonomic function
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-28)Purpose: This population-based study examines the associations between physical activity (PA), residential environmental greenness, and cardiac health measured by resting short-term heart rate variability (HRV).<p> <p>Methods: Residential greenness of a birth cohort sample (n=5433) at 46 years was measured with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) by fixing a 1km buffer around each ... -
Managing persistent physical symptoms when being social and active is the norm: a qualitative study among young people in Denmark
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-07)Background An increasing number of young people in Western countries report persistent physical symptoms (PPS). PPS may disturb everyday activities and they may have negative consequences for later adult mental and physical health. Still little is known about how young people handle PPS in their everyday lives. This study examines how young people with PPS attempt to manage their symptoms while ... -
Associations of inner retinal layers with risk of incident dementia: An individual participant data analysis of four prospective cohort studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-08)INTRODUCTION - Our main objective was to investigate whether retinal neurodegeneration, estimated from lower thickness of inner retinal layers, was associated with incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD).<p> <p>METHODS - We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis using unpublished data from four prospective cohort studies with a total of 69,955 participants (n = ... -
Baroreflex sensitivity following acute upper-body exercise in the cold among stable coronary artery disease patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-13)Background: A cold environment and exercise separately affect the autonomic nervous system (ANS), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and blood pressure variability (BPV) but their combined effects on post-exercise recovery are not known. Our cross-over trial examined these responses following upper-body static and dynamic exercise performed in a cold and neutral environment in patients with coronary ... -
Comparing associations of handgrip strength and chair stand performance with all-cause mortality—implications for defining probable sarcopenia: the Tromsø Study 2015–2020
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-20)Background Widely adopted criteria suggest using either low handgrip strength or poor chair stand performance to identify probable sarcopenia. However, there are limited direct comparisons of these measures in relation to important clinical endpoints. We aimed to compare associations between these two measures of probable sarcopenia and all-cause mortality. <p><p>Methods Analyses included 7838 ... -
HelseIArbeid – et tiltak for økt mestring og arbeidsdeltakelse? - Kvalitativ del. Følgeforskning på HelseIArbeid – Bedriftstiltaket. En brukerorientert kvalitativ, etnografisk studie fra to arbeidsplasser
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2023)<p>UiT Norges arktiske universitet ved Institutt for samfunnsmedisin har gjennomført følgeforskning på HelseIArbeid – Bedriftstiltaket (HIA) i Troms og Finnmark. Prosjektet er finansiert med FoU-midler fra Arbeids- og velferdsdirektoratet og interne midler fra UiT. <p>Tiltaket innebærer en satsing på helsefremmende og forebyggende kunnskapsformidling på arbeidsplassen, som grunnlag for mestring ... -
Physical activity and survival in chronic comorbidity among adult HIV patients in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-07)Background - Antiretroviral therapy enables people living with HIV to live long lives, and these advances have transformed HIV infection from an acute to a chronic disease. Many non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, are influenced by physical inactivity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of physical activity and survival in chronic ... -
Lifestyle risk factors of self-reported fibromyalgia in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-11)Background While the aetiology of fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) remains unknown, lifestyle factors have been linked to the disorder. However, there are few studies on the association between lifestyle factors and FM, thus we examine the risk of self-reported fibromyalgia given selected lifestyle factors.<p> <p>Methods We used data from 75,485 participants in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study. ... -
Altered plasma metabolite levels can be detected years before a glioma diagnosis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-31)Genetic and metabolic changes in tissue and blood are reported to occur several years before glioma diagnosis. Since gliomas are currently detected late, a liquid biopsy for early detection could affect the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Here, we present a nested case-control study of 550 prediagnostic glioma cases and 550 healthy controls from the Northern Sweden Health and Disease ... -
Neurosensory and vascular symptoms and clinical findings in the hands of Arctic open-pit miners in Sweden and Norway–a descriptive study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-05)This cross-sectional study aimed to describe exposure to cold climate and hand-arm vibration (HAV) as well as neurosensory and vascular symptoms and clinical findings among open-pit Arctic miners. It was based on data from questionnaires and physical examinations, including 177 men and 75 women from two open-pit mines in Sweden and Norway (response rate 54%). Working outdoors or in an unheated ... -
The SOFIA pilot study: assessing feasibility and fidelity of coordinated care to reduce excess mortality and increase quality of life in patients with severe mental illness in a general practice setting; a cluster-randomised pilot trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-16)Objective - To evaluate the feasibility and fidelity of implementing and assessing the SOFIA coordinated care program aimed at lowering mortality and increasing quality of life in patients with severe mental illness by improving somatic health care in general practice.<p> <p>Design - A cluster-randomised, non-blinded controlled pilot trial.<p> <p>Setting - General Practice in Denmark.<p> ... -
The relative importance of education and health behaviour for health and wellbeing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-11)Background - Indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) and health behaviours (HB) are widely used predictors of health variations. Their relative importance is hard to establish, because HB takes a mediating role in the link between SEP and health. We aim to provide new knowledge on how SEP and HB are related to health and wellbeing.<p> <p>Methods - The analysis considered 14,713 Norwegians aged ... -
Penger, prinsipper og prioritering
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-12) -
Effect of Pharmacological Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Criminality
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-27)Objective: Criminality rates are higher among persons with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and evidence that medication reduces crime is limited. Medication rates between clinics vary widely even within universal health care systems, partly because of providers’ treatment preferences. We used this variation to estimate causal effects of pharmacological treatment of ADHD on 4-year ... -
Effect of ADHD medication on risk of injuries: a preference-based instrumental variable analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-24)ADHD is associated with an increased risk of injury. Causal evidence for efects of pharmacological treatment on injuries is scarce. We estimated efects of ADHD medication on injuries using variation in provider preference as an instrumental variable (IV). Using Norwegian registry data, we followed 8051 patients who were diagnosed with ADHD aged 5 to 18 between 2009 and 2011 and recorded their ADHD ... -
Myfood24 på norsk: et selvadministrert digitalt 24-timers kostintervju
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-16)Innen ernæringsepidemiologien er vi i stor grad avhengige av å estimere inntak av mat og næringsstoffer basert på selvrapportering, til tross for at denne tilnærmingen er beheftet med målefeil. Graden av målefeil har betydning for analyser og tolkning av resultater, så metodene vi bruker bør være så valide som mulig. Å utvikle brukervennlige kostholdsmetoder som reduserer belastning for deltaker kan ... -
Our health, our research. Identifying public health research priorities among children and youth in a multiethnic population: Protocol for a community-based participatory health research priority survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-19)Introduction Emphasis on public involvement (PI) in health research has increased in the last 20 years. However, there is limited literature on PI in planning and conducting population-based health research. This study aims to identify child and adolescent health research priorities among children and stakeholder groups in Northern Norway by inviting PI groups to collaborate with researchers ... -
Modelling PCB-153 in northern ecosystems across time, space, and species using the nested exposure model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-06)There is concern over possible effects on ecosystems and humans from exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and chemicals with similar properties. The main objective of this study was to develop, evaluate, and apply the Nested Exposure Model (NEM) designed to simulate the link between global emissions and resulting ecosystem exposure while accounting for variation in time and space. NEM, ...
