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norskBrowsing Artikler, rapporter og annet (psykologi) by Title
Now showing items 481-500 of 517
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation above the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Facilitates Decision-Making following Periods of Low Outcome Controllability
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)Recent studies suggest that choice behavior in reinforcement learning tasks is shaped by the level of outcome controllability. In particular, Pavlovian bias (PB) seems to be enhanced under low levels of control, manifesting in approach tendencies toward rewards and response inhibition when facing potential losses. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated both in evaluating outcome ... -
Transcranial direct current stimulation as a memory enhancer in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-23)<p><i>Background:</i> The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on verbal memory function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. <p><i>Methods:</i> We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in which tDCS was applied in six 30-minute sessions for 10 days. tDCS was delivered to the left temporal cortex with 2-mA intensity. ... -
Treatment effects on compulsive exercise and physical activity in eating disorders
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-13)Background:<br> Dysfunctional thoughts- and use of physical activity (PA) are core symptoms of the eating disorders (ED) bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). The compulsive desire for PA complicates a favourable treatment outcome; hence, regular, adapted PA led by personnel with competence in exercise science is rarely part of treatment of BN and BED. The present study compared ... -
The treatment of PTSD in an older adult Norwegian woman using narrative exposure therapy: a case report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-16)The bulk of the literature on effective treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has focused on children, adolescents, and young adults. The evidence on treatments for older adults is sparse. This case report presents the application of narrative exposure therapy (NET) for a 70-year-old Norwegian woman suffering from PTSD as a result of multiple childhood and late life traumatic events. ... -
Triadic interaction and gestural communication: Hierarchical and child-centered interactions of rural and urban gujarati (Indian) caregivers and 9-month-old infants
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-23)In this study 9-month-old infants in rural and urban Gujarat, India were compared in how frequently and in which way they engage in triadic interactions. It was assumed that urban caregivers would engage in a child-centered interaction style, frequently creating triadic interactions and following infants’ signals. It was also expected that they would engage in more gestural communication in line ... -
The Tromso Infant Faces Database (TIF): development, validation and application to assess parenting experience on clarity and intensity ratings
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-03-24)Newborns and infants are highly depending on successfully communicating their needs; e.g., through crying and facial expressions. Although there is a growing interest in the mechanisms of and possible influences on the recognition of facial expressions in infants, heretofore there exists no validated database of emotional infant faces. In the present article we introduce a standardized and freely ... -
A two-lab direct replication attempt of Southgate, Senju and Csibra (2007)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)The study by Southgate et al. (2007 Psychol. Sci.18, 587–592. (doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01944.x)) has been widely cited as evidence for false-belief attribution in young children. Recent replication attempts of this paradigm have yielded mixed results: several studies did not replicate the original findings, raising doubts about the suitability of the paradigm to assess non-verbal action prediction ... -
A two-stage cognitive theory of the positive symptoms of psychosis. Highlighting the role of lowered decision thresholds
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)<b>Objectives:</b> We outline a two-stage heuristic account for the pathogenesis of the positive symptoms of psychosis. <b>Methods:</b> A narrative review on the empirical evidence of the liberal acceptance (LA) account of positive symptoms is presented. <b>Hypothesis:</b> At the heart of our theory is the idea that psychosis is characterized by a lowered decision threshold, which results in ... -
Unintentional response priming from verbal action–effect instructions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-02)Action–effect learning is based on a theoretical concept that actions are associated with their perceivable consequences through bidirectional associations. Past research has mostly investigated how these bidirectional associations are formed through actual behavior and perception of the consequences. The present research expands this idea by investigating how verbally formulated action–effect ... -
Uptake and adherence of a self-directed internet-based mental health intervention with tailored e-mail reminders in senior high schools in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)Background Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) is a promising approach to the prevention and reduction of depressive symptoms among adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of disseminating a self-directed internet-based mental health intervention (MoodGYM) in senior high schools. It also sought to investigate possible effects of tailored and weekly ... -
Use of a simple form to facilitate communication on long‑term consequences of treatment in sarcoma survivors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-16)<i>Background</i> - To report on our experience using a simple optional form to facilitate communication on late effects between the patients and the oncologists during outpatient follow-up and to detail on the spectrum of challenges reported by sarcoma survivors.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - The form was presented for the patients to complete before their consultation and covered topics related to ... -
The Use of Protection for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Unwanted Pregnancy among Norwegian Heterosexual Young Adults 2009
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)This paper explores the use and none-use of condoms among young heterosexual adults in Norway. To what extent do young heterosexuals use condoms and other types of contraception, and in which context does the use take place? What are the motives underlying both use and non use of condoms? The results are based on a 2009 national web panel survey among 16–24 year-olds in Norway (n = 871). Most ... -
The use of protection for sexually transmitteed infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancy among Norwegian heterosexual young adults 2009
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-03-05)This paper explores the use and none-use of condoms among young heterosexual adults in Norway. To what extent do young heterosexuals use condoms and other types of contraception, and in which context does the use take place? What are the motives underlying both use and non use of condoms? The results are based on a 2009 national web panel survey among 16–24 year-olds in Norway (n = 871). Most ... -
Using social norms to reduce men’s rape proclivity : Perceived rape myth acceptance of out-groups may be more influential than that of in-groups
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010) -
Using the satisfaction with life scale in people with parkinson's disease: A validation study in different european countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014) -
Validating the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) : A Comparison Between 561 Female Eating Disorders Patients and 878 Females from the General Population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) is used worldwide in research and clinical work. The 3rd version (EDI-3) has been used in recent research, yet without any independent testing of its psychometric properties. The aim of the present study was twofold: 1) to establish national norms and to compare them with the US and international norms, and 2) to examine the factor structure, the internal consistency, ... -
A variation of the social context in the warm-up period influences 18-month-olds’ imitation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-06)The present study aimed to investigate how the prior social disposition of a model in a warm-up period influences 18-month-old infants’ subsequent imitation. Infants were randomly assigned to an interactive and social warm-up period (<i>n</i> = 19) or a non-interactive and non-social warm-up period (<i>n</i> = 19) with the model prior to the imitation task. They then participated in an imitation ... -
Ved 30 års markering av reflekterande prosessar: Dialog og etikk i tider med vold: Om betydningen av den noverande augneblinken.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2015) -
Violence affects physical and mental health differently: the general population based Tromsø study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-28)This general population-based study examined associations between violence and mental health, musculoskeletal pain, and early disability pension. The prevalence and consequences of good vs. poor adjustment (resilience vs vulnerability) following encounters with violence were also examined. Data were based on the sixth wave of the “Tromsø Study” (N=12,981; 65.7% response rate, 53.4% women, M-age=57.5 ... -
Vocational identity development among unaccompanied refugee minors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09)This study examined educational aspirations and vocational identity formation among unaccompanied refugees in Norway. In Phase 1 we employed questionnaire data from 918 unaccompanied refugees to investigate the effects of demographic information, pre-migration trauma, mental health and acculturation-related factors on their educational aspirations. In Phase 2, data from Identity Status Interviews ...
