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norskInstitutt for farmasi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 21-40 of 685
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“Using network analysis modularity to group health code systems and decrease dimensionality in machine learning models”
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-11)Background: Machine learning (ML) prediction models in healthcare and pharmacy-related research face challenges with encoding high-dimensional Healthcare Coding Systems (HCSs) such as ICD, ATC, and DRG codes, given the trade-off between reducing model dimensionality and minimizing information loss. Objectives: To investigate using Network Analysis modularity as a method to group HCSs to improve ... -
Dissemination of extensively drug-resistant NDM-producing Providencia stuartii in Europe linked to patients transferred from Ukraine, March 2022 to March 2023
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-06)Background: The war in Ukraine led to migration of Ukrainian people. Early 2022, several European national surveillance systems detected multidrugresistant (MDR) bacteria related to Ukrainian patients.<p> <p>Aim: To investigate the genomic epidemiology of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing Providencia stuartii from Ukrainian patients among European countries. <p>Methods: Whole-genome ... -
Exploring the impact of pharmacist-supported medication reviews in dementia care: experiences of general practitioners and nurses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-14)Background Dementia is a major global public health challenge, and with the growing elderly population, its prevalence is expected to increase in the coming years. In Sweden, municipalities are responsible for providing special housing for the elderly (SÄBO), which offers services and care for older individuals needing specific support. SÄBO is both the person´s home and a care environment and ... -
Deep sequencing of Escherichia coli exposes colonisation diversity and impact of antibiotics in Punjab, Pakistan
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-18)Multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. coli constitute a major public health burden globally, reaching the highest prevalence in the global south yet frequently flowing with travellers to other regions. However, our comprehension of the entire genetic diversity of E. coli colonising local populations remains limited. We quantified this diversity, its associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and assessed ... -
Lipidome Plasticity Enables Unusual Photosynthetic Flexibility in Arctic vs. Temperate Diatoms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-27)The diatom lipidome actively regulates photosynthesis and displays a high degree of plasticity in response to a light environment, either directly as structural modifications of thylakoid membranes and protein–pigment complexes, or indirectly via photoprotection mechanisms that dissipate excess light energy. This acclimation is crucial to maintaining primary production in marine systems, particularly ... -
The Biofilm Lifestyle Shapes the Evolution of β-Lactamases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-15)The evolutionary relationship between the biofilm lifestyle and antibiotic resistance enzymes remains a subject of limited understanding. Here, we investigate how β-lactamases affect biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae and how selection for a biofilm lifestyle impacts the evolution of these enzymes. Genetically diverse β-lactamases expressed in V. cholerae displayed a strong inhibitory effect on ... -
Using real world data for pharmacoeconomic assessments - a case study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)Pembrolizumab monotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was deemed not cost-effective due to limited data, high uncertainty regarding long term results and a considerable budget impact. However, due to confidential price agreements it was approved in 2017, as first-line treatment for metastatic NSCLC that expresses PD-L1 ≥ 50 %. Given potential discrepancies between clinical efficacy and ... -
Can a mock medication-taking learning activity enable pharmacy students to experience the range of barriers and facilitators to medication adherence? An analysis informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework and COM-B model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-08)Background: Pharmacy professionals are well-placed to provide medication adherence support to patients. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM–B) and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) are two complementary models previously applied to medication-taking behaviour. Understanding the patient-specific barriers and facilitators to adherence using psychological frameworks from the ... -
Modulation of multidrug-resistant clone success in Escherichia coli populations: a longitudinal, multi-country, genomic and antibiotic usage cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-11)Background The effect of antibiotic usage on the success of multidrug-resistant (MDR) clones in a population remains unclear. With this genomics-based molecular epidemiology study, we aimed to investigate the contribution of antibiotic use to Escherichia coli clone success, relative to intra-strain competition for colonisation and infection.<p> <p>Methods We sequenced all the available E coli ... -
Isolation and Biological Evaluation of Phomenins from the Marine Fungus Parafenestella sp.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Background: Marine fungi are prolific producers of secondary metabolites. Phomenin A (2) and B (3) are secondary metabolites produced by Parafenestella sp. Previous studies have described them as bioactive, but due to the limited availability of pure compounds, their bioactivity has yet to be extensively characterised. These compounds were identified and isolated at Marbio, but the quantities obtained ... -
Mass cultivation of the marine diatom Porosira glacialis: Method development and comparison of pigment composition in response to irradiance wavelenght
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-19)In 2015, UiT The Arctic University of Norway and a local smelting plant initiated a project aiming to reduce the carbon footprint by mass cultivation of microalgae. The ability of the microalgae to directly capture industrially emitted CO2 and utilize wastewater as alternative nutrient sources to produce high value biomass, causes the bio-carbon recycling to represent both an environmental and ... -
Identification and semi-quantitative analysis of lipids in the diatom Porosira glacialis
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-18)Background: In 2015, The University of Tromsø initiated a project with local industry involving cultivation of marine microalgae to reduce industrial CO2-emissions. Marine microalgae are primary producers with high capacity for carbon fixation into biomass rich in lipids. Their lipid composition is characterized by high content of PUFAs such as EPA (20:5) and DHA (22:6). The biomass can potentially ... -
Ordningen «reseptfri medisin med veiledning» med fokus på Viagra Reseptfri® - farmasøyters erfaringer, og tanker rundt videreutvikling av ordningen
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-18)Bakgrunn: Apotekbransjen og farmasøytrollen er stadig i endring, og i de siste årene har flere og flere farmasøytiske tjenester blitt implementert i apotek. Dette har ført til større fokus på legemiddelveiledning og formidling av legemiddelinformasjon, samt apotek som et lavterskeltilbud innen helse. I 2018 åpnet Stortinget for å fjerne reseptplikten på enkelte legemidler, slik at de kunne selges ... -
The effect of β-lactamase evolution on biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-15)Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the greatest threats to public health in the 21st century. Especially, the production of -lactamase enzymes has become the leading cause of -lactam resistance in Gram-negative pathogens. In addition, many of the pathogens associated with extensive antimicrobial resistance form biofilms, which further increases their persistence. Studies from ... -
Kvalitet av legemiddelbruk og legemiddelinformasjon hos hoftebruddspasienter ved Sykehuset i Vestfold HF – en tverrsnittstudie
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)Det er i hovedsak eldre personer som gjennomgår hoftebrudd, som er et fryktet osteoporotisk brudd. Eldre har flere sykdommer som fører til at de blir behandlet med flere legemidler sammenlignet med yngre. Dette vil igjen øke risikoen for uhensiktsmessig legemiddelbruk. I tillegg overføres eldre hyppig inn og ut og mellom helseinstitusjoner, som skaper et behov for velfungerende informasjonsoverføring. ... -
Dual delivery of chlorogenic acid and mimic of antimicrobial peptide – towards wound treatment
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-12)Chronic wounds are a major burden, causing both morbidity and mortality in patients, as well as a massive economical strain on health care systems worldwide. These wounds have a high degree of complexity and are often difficult to treat due to the many factors limiting healing, such as inflammation, biofilm formation and bacterial infections. With these typically persistent infections and a rising ... -
Chitosan-modified liposomes for delivery of membrane-active antimicrobials – exploring the role of the polymer
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-12)Antimicrobial resistance in skin injury infections is becoming a rising problem as more conventional antimicrobials become ineffective in resistant infections. Therefore, developing novel effective antimicrobials while promoting wound healing is urgently needed. Membrane-active antimicrobials, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), display promising antimicrobial activity, and could potentially solve ... -
Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry to identify lipids in marine bacterial biomass
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-14)Background: BMFishfeed is a cooperative project since 2021 between UiT the Arctic University of Norway, NORCE Stavanger and the University of South-Eastern Norway where the goal is to develop a lipid-rich bacterial meal that can be utilized as fish feed in the aquaculture industry. Carbon-rich waste from an omega-3 production site is used as nutrition for marine bacterial cultures, which are fermented ... -
Process optimization of albumin-stabilized mitotane nanoparticle preparation by dual centrifugation and first lyophilization study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-13)Albumin-stabilized mitotane nanoparticles intended for intravenous application can serve as a potential formulation for the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma. However, the particle size of a nanoparticle-based formulation is crucial for the in vivo behavior of the nanoparticles following an intravenous injection. Prior to this project, the particle size of this nanoformulation had a mean of ... -
Push and pull factors for migration of foreign pharmacists to Norway
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-12)Migration of foreign pharmacists to Norway has increased considerably in recent years. Data from the Directorate of Health shows that 1592 foreign pharmacists received authorization in Norway from 2013 to 2021 as compared to 1952 Norwegian pharmacists. There are several theories of migration, but “push and pull theory” is the most widely used approach to learn about reasons of migration. According ...
