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dc.contributor.advisorRogatchevski, Andrei
dc.contributor.authorHøgetveit, Åsne Øysteinsdotter
dc.date.accessioned2019-05-08T07:21:55Z
dc.date.available2019-05-08T07:21:55Z
dc.date.issued2019-05-16
dc.description.abstractIn Russian culture, there exists a strong theme of the morally superior woman. This theme has been described in studies of nineteenth-century Russian literature, and was called Sophia by Russian thinkers and poets of the Silver Age, such as Vladimir Solovyov and Vyacheslav Ivanov. Up until now, there have been no studies of how this theme has influenced cinematic representations of female characters over the last century. This dissertation deploys a spatial theory of verticality as a fundamental metaphor for hierarchical structures. The moral superiority of female characters in thirty two Soviet and Russian films is analysed. The dissertation’s main focus is on the female characters with a strong connection to the sky or outer space through either their occupation as pilots, flight attendants or cosmonauts, or their origin as otherworldly creatures. The hypothesis is that these women are defined by their connection to a space located vertically above the rest of humanity, and that they actively engage in a discourse about women’s moral superiority in Russian culture. Drawing upon the established motifs regarding airborne women, such as angels and witches (as well as romantic ideas of femininity and virtue described as The Eternal Feminine and Sophia), questions of what it means to be a woman, what it means to be morally superior, and which opportunities for action women have in a given space are addressed and discussed. In this dissertation, I establish the concept of Moral Vertical, apply it to films with and without previous academic literature about them, and present new perspectives on women’s function in Russian culture.en_US
dc.description.abstractI russisk kultur stend forteljinga om den moralsk overlegne kvinna sterkt. Forteljinga er vorte drøfta som eige motiv i tidlegare forsking på russisk attenhundretalslitteratur, og vart kalla Sofia av russiske tenkjarar og poetar (til dømes Vladimir Solovjev og Vjatsjeslav Ivanov) i den såkalla Sylvalderen (ved inngangen til førre hundreåret). Dette er den fyrste avhandlinga om korleis dette motivet har påverka kvinnelege karakterar på film gjennom dei siste hundre åra. I denne studien tek eg utgangspunkt i ein romleg teori om korleis vertikalitet er eit grunnleggjande bilete på hierarkiske strukturar og utforskar den moralske funksjonen til kvinnelege karakterar i 32 sovjetiske og russiske filmar. Hovudfokuset er på kvinnelege karakterar med ei sterk tilknyting til luftrommet og verdsrommet anten gjennom arbeidet sitt som pilotar, flyvertinner, eller kosmonautar, eller gjennom opphavet sitt som utanomjordiske. Påstanden min er at den romlege koplinga desse kvinnene har til romma over menneskja, definerer dei i ein diskusjon om kvinners funksjon som moralsk overlegne i russisk kultur. Ut i frå etablerte motiv om flygande kvinner, til dømes englar og hekser (og romantiske idear om Det evige kvinnelege og Sofia) vil spørsmål om kva det inneber å vera kvinne, kva det er å vera moralsk overlegen og kva høve til handling kvinner har i visse rom verte drøfta. I denne avhandlinga etablerer eg konseptet ‘moralvertikalen’, drøftar – det som innom forskingsfeltet er – både kjende og ukjende filmar og lanserer nye perspektiv på kva funksjon kvinner har i russisk kultur.en_US
dc.description.abstractЖенщина и нравственное превосходство – важная тема в русской культуре. Эта тема описана в научных работах по литературе ХIХ века. Мыслители и поэты Серебряного века (такие, как Владимир Соловьев и Вячеслав Иванов) называли эту тему «София». Но влияние этой темы на то, как представлены женские персонажи в фильмах прошлого и нынешнего века, до сих пор не было исследовано. Исходный пункт диссертации – теория пространства о вертикальности как основополагающей метафоре иерархических структур. Центральный объект анализа – моральное превосходство героинь тридцати двух советских и русских фильмов. В центре исследования – женские роли, тесно связанные с небом и космосом либо в силу профессий летчиц, бортпроводниц и космонавтов, либо в силу инопланетного происхождения. Предполагается, что пространственное отношение этих женщин к тому, что находится выше нас, определяет их роль в дискуссии о функциях женщин и их нравственном превосходстве в русской культуре. Исходя из устоявшихся мотивов о летающих женщинах, таких как ангелы и ведьмы, и романтических идей о Вечной женственности и Софии, в диссертации обсуждаются вопросы о том, что значит быть женщиной, что значит иметь нравственное превосходство, и какие возможности для действий есть у женщин в заданном пространстве. В диссертации предлагается концепт «вертикаль морали», обсуждаются описанные и не описанные в научной литературе фильмы и предлагаются новые перспективы на функции женщины в русской культуре.en_US
dc.description.doctoraltypeph.d.en_US
dc.description.popularabstractThis dissertation explores female characters in Russian cinema. The point of departure is the widespread understanding of films as cultural products – products that uses cultural themes and motifs to communicate. The female characters presented have a strong connection to aviation and outer space exploration, through their occupations as pilots, flight attendants or cosmonauts, or their origin as otherworldly creatures. Thirty-two films released between 1924 and 2017 are analysed using theories of societal space, cultural studies and gender studies. The discussion centre on these characters’ performance as women, what their plot function is, and which opportunities they have in a given space. On the basis of this discussion, it is argued that there is a ‘Moral Vertical’ in Russian culture – a moral hierarchy expressed in spatial terms, both visually and verbally, where women are superior to men. This dissertation is a contribution to our understanding of women’s function in Russian culture and society – past and present.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/15263
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherUiT Norges arktiske universiteten_US
dc.publisherUiT The Arctic University of Norwayen_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2019 The Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humaniora: 000::Kulturvitenskap: 060::Slavisk kulturvitenskap: 064en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humanities: 000::Cultural science: 060::Slavic cultural science: 064en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humaniora: 000::Film- og teatervitenskap: 170::Filmvitenskap: 171en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humanities: 000::Movie and drama: 170::Movie science: 171en_US
dc.subjectRussisk filmen_US
dc.subjectRussian cinemaen_US
dc.titleThe Moral Vertical in Russian Cinema: Female Pilots, Flight Attendants, Cosmonauts and Aliensen_US
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen_US
dc.typeDoktorgradsavhandlingen_US


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