Value creation and co-creation experiences: an East Asian cultural knowledge framework approach

Abstract

This chapter proposes an 'East Asian cultural knowledge framework' based on the main East Asian cultural philosophies and revisits some previous study findings in order to facilitate a deeper understanding of the East Asian tourist behaviours. The proposed framework is expected to inform researchers on, at fundamental level, the tourists' value creation and co-creation and East Asian tourists' enduring motivations for seeking tourism experiences. Organized into two main sections, the first part of the chapter reviews key cultural traits of Zen Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism specifically focused on the meanings of nature and learning. The East Asian cultural knowledge framework relevant to tourists' value creations and co-creations is proposed at the end of the first section. The second part of the chapter applies the concepts drawn from the framework in order to better understand East Asian tourists' attitudes and learning orientations regarding nature-based experiences.