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dc.contributor.authorDeluca, Vincent
dc.contributor.authorRothman, Jason
dc.contributor.authorBialystok, Ellen
dc.contributor.authorPliatsikas, Christos
dc.date.accessioned2020-05-05T07:57:42Z
dc.date.available2020-05-05T07:57:42Z
dc.date.issued2019-03-26
dc.description.abstractLearning and using an additional language is shown to have an impact on the structure and function of the brain, including in regions involved in cognitive control and the connections between them. However, the available evidence remains variable in terms of the localization, extent, and trajectory of these effects. Variability likely stems from the fact that bilingualism has been routinely operationalized as a categorical variable (bilingual/monolingual), whereas it is a complex and dynamic experience with a number of potentially deterministic factors affecting neural plasticity. Here we present a study investigating the combined effects of experience-based factors (EBFs) in bilingual language use on brain structure and functional connectivity. EBFs include an array of measures of everyday usage of a second language in different types of immersive settings (e.g., amount of use in social settings). Analyses reveal specific adaptations in the brain, both structural and functional, correlated to individual EBFs and their combined effects. Taken together, the data show that the brain adapts to be maximally efficient in the processing and control of two languages, although modulated ultimately by individual language experience.en_US
dc.identifier.citationDeluca, V., Rothman, J., Bialystok, E. & Pliatsikas, C. (2019). Redefining bilingualism as a spectrum of experiences that differentially affects brain structure and function. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116</i>(15), 7565-7574.en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1729768
dc.identifier.doi10.1073/pnas.1811513116
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424
dc.identifier.issn1091-6490
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/18217
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciencesen_US
dc.relation.journalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2019 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humanities: 000::Linguistics: 010::General linguistics and phonetics: 011en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humaniora: 000::Språkvitenskapelige fag: 010::Allmenn språkvitenskap og fonetikk: 011en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Neurology: 752en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Nevrologi: 752en_US
dc.titleRedefining bilingualism as a spectrum of experiences that differentially affects brain structure and functionen_US
dc.type.versionacceptedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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