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dc.contributor.authorStemland, Helene Meling
dc.contributor.authorJohansen, Tor Arne
dc.contributor.authorRuud, Bent Ole
dc.contributor.authorAniceto, Ana Sofia
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-03T06:41:18Z
dc.date.available2020-08-03T06:41:18Z
dc.date.issued2019-01-01
dc.description.abstractSeismic surveying of the Arctic is important for several reasons, but also introduces some challenges. One is the concern that seismic data may affect the hearing of marine mammals living there, including true seals. We performed two seismic experiments on floating ice on Svalbard in the Norwegian Arctic in early March 2016 and late May 2017, just before and right after the ringed seal breeding period. We used a single airgun below ice and detonating cord on ice, measured sound levels in the water column, compared these with hearing capabilities of true seals found from previous studies, and observed the animal’s reactions when exposed to seismic waves in the field. We found that these actual seismic experiments have little potential to cause physical hearing damage, but temporary behavioural change may occur. We also observed a difference in measured sound levels, frequency content, and animal reactions, depending on the type of source used.en_US
dc.identifier.citationStemland HM, Johansen TA, Ruud BO, Aniceto AS. Measured sound levels in ice-covered shallow water caused by seismic shooting on top of and below floating ice, reviewed for possible impacts on true seals. First Break. 2019;37(1):35-42en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1748141
dc.identifier.doi10.3997/1365-2397.2018010
dc.identifier.issn0263-5046
dc.identifier.issn1365-2397
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/18902
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherEAGE (European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers)en_US
dc.relation.journalFirst Break
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/PETROSENTR/228107/Norway/Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration - ARCEx/ARCEx/en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2019 The European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers (EAGE)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450en_US
dc.titleMeasured sound levels in ice-covered shallow water caused by seismic shooting on top of and below floating ice, reviewed for possible impacts on true sealsen_US
dc.type.versionacceptedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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