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dc.contributor.advisorJaakola, Laura
dc.contributor.advisorKarppinen, Katja
dc.contributor.authorAfzal, Muhammad Bilal
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-21T13:51:29Z
dc.date.available2020-08-21T13:51:29Z
dc.date.issued2020-06-15
dc.description.abstractBilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is a dwarf shrub and its berries are rich source of nutrients, fibers and vitamins. Bilberry consumption has been shown to positively correlated with improvement of human health. Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs) are important secondary metabolites that are synthetized in plants via flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. PAs also have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect in humans. The main aim of this thesis was to identify role of bilberry MYB TFs in biosynthesis of anthocyanin and PAs. Eight R2R3-VmMYB transcription factors (TFs), (VmMYBPA2.1, VmMYBPA2.2, VmMYBPA2.3, VmMYBPA2.4, VmMYBPA2.5, VmMYBPA3, VmMYB5, VmMYB7), were cloned to pGreen-62SK plasmid. PCR amplification verified ligation of genes of interest into pGreen plasmid. Sanger sequencing further confirmed that the full-length sequences were ligated into plasmids. Agroinfiltration was used for overexpression analysis of VmMYBs together with AtbHLH into leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. Spectrophotometry analysis confirmed that positive control, VmMYBA1 and VmMYBPA2.2 accumulated anthocyanins and PAs. Furthermore, calluses from bilberry fruit explant, were induced in WPM media with hormones, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzylamino purine (BAP), and thidiazuron (TDZ). Appearance of reddish color in calluses after agroinfiltration of VmMYBA1 and VmMYBA2 may indicate the accumulation of anthocyanin in calluses. In this study, it was shown that bilberry VmMYBPA2.2 positively regulates biosynthesis of proanthocyanidins and VmMYBA1 may be a key regulator of biosynthesis of both anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in Vaccinium myrtillus L.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/19113
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherUiT Norges arktiske universiteten_US
dc.publisherUiT The Arctic University of Norwayen_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2020 The Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)en_US
dc.subject.courseIDBIO-3950
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Molecular biology: 473en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470::Molekylærbiologi: 473en_US
dc.subjectMYB transcription factorsen_US
dc.subjectVaccinium myrtillus L.en_US
dc.subjectOverexpressionen_US
dc.subjectNicotiana benthamianaen_US
dc.subjectAnthocyaninsen_US
dc.subjectPAsen_US
dc.subjectregulationen_US
dc.subjectCallusen_US
dc.titleOverexpression analysis of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) R2R3-MYB transcription factorsen_US
dc.typeMaster thesisen_US
dc.typeMastergradsoppgaveen_US


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Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
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