Blar i tittel Mastergradsoppgaver i biologi (Helsefak)
Viser treff 41-60 av 76
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Intracellular gelatinolytic activity in mouse tissues
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-09-12)Matrix metalloproteinases have traditionally been thought to act only extracellulary. However, increasing evidence has revealed intracellular localization as well as several alternative substrates and novel biological roles for these proteinases. The aims of this master thesis were to map intracellular localization of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in different tissues from mouse, determine if detected enzymes ... -
Investigation into the presence of CRISPR-Cas- and R-M systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae and correlation with antibiotic resistance, virulence and plasmids
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-05)The aims were to perform a bioinformatic-statistical analysis of CRISPR-Cas- and R-M systems in a diverse whole genome sequenced K. pneumoniae population, and their correlations to virulence score and AMR -/ plasmid content. The strains (n=999) consisted of Norwegian fecal carrier (n=484) and clinical (NORM; ESBL and non-ESBL producing) (n=414), and national-international clinical ST307 strains ... -
An investigation of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in Breast Cncer
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-18)Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), a cell surface glycoprotein that functions as an integrin, has a well-established role in leukocyte migration during inflammation. Recent studies have indicated a role for this protein in cancer development. In this study three breast cancer cell lines were stimulated with a variety of cytokines. The breast cancer cell lines (MCF7, SK-BR-3 and ... -
King crab proteases: as stimulators of an inflammatory pathway in human airway epithelial cells
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-03-22)In these studies, we focus on moricrase (enzyme mixture from hapatopancreas of king crab) as an activator of inflammatory responses in airway cells. Taking under consideration that serine proteases, such as trypsin, are stimulator of interlukin-8 (IL-8). We investigate the role of protease activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) in the inflammation of human pulmonary epithelial cells (A549). A549 cells were ... -
Modulation of dendritic cells phenotype and functions by irradiated and non-irradiated lung cancer fibroblasts. An in vitro study.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-15)Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) interacts with cancer cells and affect their behavior in diverse manners. In this study, we investigated in vitro the mechanisms by which non-irradiated and irradiated cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) isolated from patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) affected the phenotype and function of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) ... -
Molecular and biochemical characterisation of naturally occurring hyperexpressed and mutated extended spectrum AmpC beta-lactamases in Norwegian clinical isolates of Escherichia coli
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-11-17)Jeg har karakterisert kliniske E. coli isolater, med nedsatt følsomhet for cefalosporiner, på nukleotid og amino syre nivå. -
Molecular characterization of Norwegian clinical isolates of Escherichia coli hyperproducing the chromosomal AmpC beta-lactamase : a regional spread of an IS911-mediated blaAmpC-hyperexpressing ST131 clone
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-15)The worldwide dissemination of antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem causing increased morbidity, mortality, and financial costs. β-lactams are an important family of antimicrobial agents and accounts for ~46% of the total antibiotic use for systemic infections in Norway. Resistance to β-lactams can be caused by several factors where the production of enzymes, β-lactamases, is the major ... -
A molecular genetic study investigating the role of maternal and placental laeverin gene mutation and fetal whole genome copy number variations in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-11-29)Summary Preeclampsia is a clinical syndrome affecting only pregnant women and is defined as new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Approximately, 2-7 % of all pregnant women in the developed world are affected by this condition and it is a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Despite intensive research the pathophysiology of preeclampsia is not ... -
Molecular interaction studies of initial electrostatic attraction between trypsin and the human PAR-2 receptor
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-01-16)Workers in livestock and fish cultivation are at increased risk of occupational airway damage caused by proteases. Proteases, such as trypsin, activate PAR-2 which in turn triggers an inflammatory response, potentially causing airway damage over time. There has been some speculation that PAR-2 receptors easier attract trypsin form species where this enzyme has a more negative electrostatic charge. ... -
A molecular study of putative pili structures in Enterococuus faecium
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-12)Infections caused by Enterococcus faecium have increased over the last few decades. In this thesis there has been an attempt to identify putative pili proteins in E. faecium. The putative genes were ligated into a pENTR vector; the insert was sequenced to check the orientation, sequence, length and ends. Then the putative genes were recombined into a pDEST vector for expression. The expression showed ... -
Non-Invasive Methods for Detection of Genetic Abnormalities in Human Embryos Cell-Free DNA Secreted from Human Embryos as an Alternative to DNA from Cell Biopsies for Genetic Analyses
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-15)Chromosomal abnormalities are one of the main causes of implantation failure following embryo transfer in in vitro fertilization (IVF). Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) is time-consuming, expensive, and invasive. Non-invasive PGT-A (niPGT-A) is an alternative where secreted embryonic cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in spent culture medium (SCM) is investigated. This study aimed to ... -
Oncolytic Activity and Mechanisms of Action by a small β2,2-amino acid derivative LTX-401
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-05-11)Antimicrobial peptides are part of the innate immune defence of many organisms and represent a novel class of therapeutics due to their broad-spectrum activities, including cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. It has recently been reported that small antimicrobial β2,2-amino acid derivatives (Mw<500), such as LTX-401, possess potent anticancer activity against Ramos human Burkitt’s lymphoma ... -
The oncoproteins gelsolin, periostin and thrombospondin are enriched in Merkel cell carcinoma exosomes, and their promoter activity is stimulated by Large T-antigen of Merkel cell polyomavirus
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-14)Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine form of skin cancer with high mortality rate and increasing incidence. Around 80 % of MCC tumours are positive for Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), the only polyomavirus known to induce cancer in humans. Continuous expression of the viral oncogenes LT-ag and st-ag is necessary for MCPyV positive MCC tumour cell survival, suggesting ... -
Optimisation of high-resolution fluorescence microscopy of normal- and preeclamptic placentas
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-08-14)Preeclampsia (PE) affects 3-5 % of pregnant women and may lead to maternal and/or fetal death. The main theory of PE is placental ischemia, leading to a dysfunctional placenta and clinical signs as hypertension and proteinuria in the mother. The primary aim of the thesis was to implement and optimise a method for high-resolution microscopy of placental cryo-sections. Secondary aims were to compare ... -
Optimization of biomarkers for morphological analysis of healthy and preeclamptic term human placental tissue sections using advanced fluorescence microscopy methods
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-07-01)Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder affecting 5-8% of women worldwide (4% in Norway). It is believed that placental ischemia is the initial event in the development of PE and is characterized by placental insufficiency and clinical symptoms such as hypertension and proteinuria. In this project, we aimed to study suitable biomarkers for morphological analysis of human term placenta from ... -
Optimization of the use of PrepFiler Express™ Forensic DNA extraction kit lysis buffer discard for mRNA profiling
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-06-01)mRNA profiling for body fluid or tissue type identification is able to provide circumstantial information alongside DNA profiles from biological material found at a crime scene. To solve the challenge of material limitation in body fluid identification, studies have successfully developed mRNA profiles of RNA extracted from lysis buffer discard of DNA-extraction. It would be interesting to examine ... -
Partial characterization of predicted ABCC5 inhibitors by the aid of human erythrocyte inside-out vesicles
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-06-24)ABCC5 is a member of the superfamily of ABC-transporters, and it has been identified as an efflux transporter of cGMP. This transporter is also involved in export of antibiotic and cytostatic drugs from target cells, and as such represents a challenge in treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. In order to find inhibitors to ABCC5 mediated drug efflux, compounds predicted as potent inhibitors ... -
The population structure of human carriage and clinical isolates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)The increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria worldwide is recognised as a severe threat to public health on a global scale. Without effective antimicrobial agents to treat bacterial infections, modern medicine will be set back several decades and deaths caused by bacterial infections will increase. The most widely used class of antimicrobials, is -lactams, and the increase in resistance ... -
Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Norwegian and Swedish clinical isolates of Escherchia coli and Klebsiella spp.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-06-12)The aim of this study was to examine the presence of plasmid-mediated qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr resistance genes among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. clinical isolates obtained between 2003 and 2005 from Norway and Sweden and showed resistance and/or reduced susceptibility to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Prevalence of the qnr (1.6%) and aac(6’)-Ib-cr (14.1%) determinants was ... -
Production and purification of recombinant C-terminal truncated pro-Matrix Metalloprotease-9
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-06-21)MMP-9 consists of N-terminal signal peptide, a pro-domain, catalytic domain, a long flexible hinge region and C- terminal hemopexin domain. In the present study a truncated version of proMMP-9 which lacking hinge region and C-terminal hemopexin domain was produced. To do so Sf9 insect cells and the BaculoDirect Baculovirus expression system were used. Using site directed mutagenesis, single mutation ...