Blar i utgivelsesdato Mastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap
Viser treff 41-60 av 187
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Factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. A cross-sectional study in Kathmandu District, Nepal
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-09-28)Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV/ AIDS patients in Kathmandu district. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 316 HIV-positive individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy from three ART sites in Kathmandu districts was done from January 2012 to February 2012. The participants were interviewed and answered questions about socio-demographic ... -
Sykdomsspesifikk livskvalitet hos pasienter med inflammatorisk tarmsykdom. En klinisk kvalitetsstudie om poliklinisk organisering av kontrolltilbud
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-01)Bakgrunn: Inflammatorisk tarmsykdom (IBD), henholdsvis morbus Crohn (CD) og Ulcerøs colitt (UC) er kroniske lidelser som kan ha en betydelig negativ innvirkning på en pasients sykdomsspesifikke livskvalitet (HRQoL). Den tradisjonelle måten å organisere behandling og oppfølging av denne pasientgruppen har vært konsultasjoner hos spesialist i medisinske poliklinikker, som jeg i oppgaven betegner som ... -
Contribution of risk factors to socioeconomic variation in blood pressure : the Tromsø study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-03)Abstract Objectives: Examine the degree to which BMI, heart rate, physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking and social participation may account for the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), with main focus on measured SBP continuous variable. Design: Cross-sectional study with data from the Tromsø study 6. Setting: Tromsø Participant: The sample ... -
Er det sammenheng mellom høy KMI og smerter hos pasienter med ryggprolaps? En tverrsnittstudie fra Nasjonalt Register for Ryggkirurgi f.o.m. 2007 t.o.m. 2010
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-21)Bakgrunn: De siste 30 årene har overvekt og fedme økt jevnt i den norske befolkning. Sykdommer som har økt proporsjonalt med denne utviklingen, er type 2 diabetes, hjerte- og karsykdommer og visse typer kreft samt muskel og skjelettlidelser, også rygglidelser. Både nasjonal og internasjonal forskninger har funnet sammenheng mellom høy KMI (kroppsmasseindeks) og ryggsmerter. Dette fenomenet ... -
Survival pattern and determinants of survival in adult HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral treatment in Far-western Development Region, Nepal
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-31)Objective: This study explores the survival pattern and its determinants among adult HIV-infected patients on ART. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1024 (51.2% were men) HIV-infected patients aged ≥15 years who started ART between May 15, 2006 and May 15, 2011 in 5 ART centres in Nepal. Follow-up time was calculated from the date of ART initiation to date of death or censoring ... -
Health Sector Reform and Maternal Health in Nepal: Analysis of Equity and Efficiency
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013)Health sector reform is ongoing in many countries to bring out the efficiency, equity effectiveness. Nepal initiated health sector reform, through operational plan, Nepal health sector programme-implementation plan (2004-2009) .The major objective was to achieve millennium development goal through efficient and equitable health system. The government is now on Nepal health sector programme II ... -
Health care utilization among elderly according to body mass index and risk of malnutrition
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-27)Background: Malnutrition is prevalent among elderly, and this trend is projected to continue due increased life expectancy and more so, malnutrition has been attributed to morbidity and mortality. Further, investigations reveal that malnutrition is associated with prolonged hospital stay, use of emergency services and long term care services. The association between health care utilization and ... -
Trends in obesity among Norwegian children from 1970-2012, presentation of possible measures to reduce this public health problem = Utvikling i overvekt blant norske barn i perioden mellom 1970-2012, og presentasjon av tiltak som kan benyttes for å redusere dette folkehelseproblemet
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-27)Abstract: Background: Obesity is defined as BMI over 25. There is evidence of an increasing incidence of obesity among Norwegian children, and various studies show that between 15 to 20% are in the category of overweight. Purpose: Finding Norwegian children's weight trends in the period 1970 - 2012, and figure out which methods are the best suited to the prevention and weight loss among ... -
The association between socioeconomic status and mental health = Sammenhengen mellom sosioøkonomisk status og psykisk helse
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-29)Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between mental health (particularly anxiety and depression) and socioeconomic status. Material and methods: Data was collected from The Tromsø Study, Tromsø 6 (2007-2008). 5 829 women and 5 580 men aged 30-87 years (57 %) were included in the study. Mental health was assessed by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 (SCL-10). Two indicators ... -
Dental caries prevention in the Dominican Republic. A cross-sectional study of the application of preventive measures among Dominican dental practitioners in the private sector
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-30)Prevalence of dental caries is still high in developing countries affecting mainly the low-income population. Knowledge of dental caries prevention among dental practitioners is one of the main aspects for the effectiveness in the provision of preventive measures. The purpose of study is to evaluate the application of preventive measures in regards of knowledge and impediments in dental caries ... -
Robot-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy - a systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-30)The primary aim of the thesis is to compare effectiveness and safety of robot-assisted radical prostatectomies (RALRP) and conventional laparoscopic radical prostatectomies (LRP) using evidence based analyses. The secondary aim is to assess the current level of implementation of robotic surgical systems in prostate cancer treatment in Norwegian hospitals. Method A systematic review of studies that ... -
The prevalence and tracking of overweight and obesity in a cohort of youths. Natural development of body mass index from childhood to adolescence. A sub study of the Fit Futures cohort.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-01)Objectives: The purpose of this master project was to: obtain height and weight data at three measuring points (2-4 years of age, preschool age and adolescence) in a Norwegian cohort of youths, to estimate prevalence rates of weight classes, describe the natural development of body mass index (BMI) from childhood to adolescence, and to investigate to what extent tracking of overweight and obesity ... -
The escalating diabetes epidemic: determinants of prevalence disparity between country income groups
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-01)Rationale: Nowadays, diabetes mellitus is continuing to be an increasing international health burden. But greatest increases of this burden are seen particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This thesis attempts to account for the factors associated with the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the disparity in this prevalence across country income groups. Method: An analytic ecological ... -
Sexual risk behaviors and risk of HIV infection among adult male in Nepal
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-01)Background: The HIV infection among adult male is high in Nepal. The chances of HIV infection from heterosexual route and infecting close partners are high due to their risky sexual behaviors. This study aimed to assess the risk of HIV Infection and risk factors associated with high risk of HIV infection among adult male in Nepal. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from ... -
Physical activity and perceived health among adolescents in Troms. Data based on Fit Futures - a health survey among adolescents
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-07-02)Background: Perceived health is a predictor of morbidity and mortality in adults and has been an important measure of the general health status in population health studies for decades. Thus, perceived health during adolescence should be of high interest from a Public Health perspective. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the association between leisure time physical activity and perceived ... -
Exploring physical activity and dietary choices among adolescents in Troms County, with focus on a potential association between the two health-related behaviors. A cross-sectional study based on Fit Futures - part of The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-07-30)Increased knowledge about physical activity(PA) and dietary choises could be valuable when preventive measures against overweight are planned and carried out. The main aim of the thesis was therefore to explore PA and dietary choises among adolescents in Troms County, furthermore to investigate if there were an association between these two health-related behaviors. The thesis is a cross-sectional ... -
Live long and prosper : assessment of the effect of participation in self-help groups for landmine accident survivors in rural Cambodia through analysing pre- and post-intervention changes in health determinants
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-08-28)Objective: Landmines injuries are considered a major public health issue. Cambodia is the 4th most land mined country in the world. Landmine accident survivors face challenges with poverty and pain, with little chance of improving their lives on their own. Trauma Care Foundation Cambodia started with community based self-help groups in 2000. The aim is to study was to evaluate the impact of self- ... -
Etniske forskjeller i risiko for kroniske muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant en befolkning i Nord-Norge: SAMINOR-undersøkelsen
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-08-29)Bakgrunn: Muskel- og skjelettplager er en av de hyppigste årsakene til sykefravær og uføretrygd i Norge. Det finnes lite forskning om muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant urfolk, både internasjonalt og i Arktiske områder. Formål: Se på risiko for kroniske muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant ulike etniske grupper i en Nordnorsk befolkning. Analysere om sosioøkonomiske faktorer kan påvirke til eventuelle ... -
Neonatal mortality predictors in Nepal: Nepal demographic health survey 2011
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-09-01)Background: The neonatal period (0-28 days after delivery) in human life is critical and carries a high risk of mortality. According to the Nepal Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2011, Nepal has a Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) of 33/1000 live births which is one of the highest in the world. The neonatal mortality accounts for 61% of the under-five mortality. There has been very limited progress in ... -
Human exposures to parabens in cosmetics - a literature study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-12-02)A literature study was performed in order to assess and compare evidence of human exposure to parabens in cosmetics. The focus of the thesis is on human concentrations, the rate of dermal absorption, metabolism and excretion; in order to increase our understanding of human exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals in cosmetics. High detection rates of native and total parabens in blood and urine ...