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dc.contributor.authorWagle, Madhu
dc.contributor.authorBasnet, Purusotam
dc.contributor.authorVårtun, Åse
dc.contributor.authorAcharya, Ganesh
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-23T08:55:10Z
dc.date.available2021-09-23T08:55:10Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-03
dc.description.abstractHormonal changes associated with pregnancy promote oral bacterial growth, which may affect salivary nitric oxide (NO) levels, oxidative stress (OS), and antioxidant capacity (AC). We hypothesized that caries-related bacterial load, NO level, and OS in the saliva change with advancing gestation. The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes in salivary NO, OS, and AC during pregnancy and correlate them with Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus (LB) colonization at different stages of pregnancy. We assessed NO level by Griess method, OS by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), AC by ABTS radicals and bacterial load by culturing SM and LB in the saliva of pregnant women (n = 96) and compared with non-pregnant women (n = 50) as well as between different stages of pregnancy. Compared with non-pregnant women, NO was 77% higher (4.73 ± 2.87 vs. 2.67 ± 1.55 µM; p < 0.001), MDA was 13% higher (0.96 ± 0.27 vs. 0.85 ± 0.22 nM; p = 0.0055), and AC was 34% lower (60.35 ± 14.33 vs. 80.82 ± 11.60%; p < 0.001) in the late third trimester. NO increased with advancing gestation, but AC and OS did not change significantly during pregnancy. SM were more abundant in pregnant women compared with non-pregnant (p = 0.0012). Pregnancy appears to have an adverse impact on oral health emphasizing the importance optimal oral healthcare during pregnancy.en_US
dc.identifier.citationWagle, Basnet, Vårtun, Acharya. Nitric oxide, oxidative stress and streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus bacterial loads in saliva during the different stages of pregnancy: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH). 2021;18(17):1-12en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1935759
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijerph18179330
dc.identifier.issn1661-7827
dc.identifier.issn1660-4601
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/22634
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.relation.journalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH)
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2021 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical, dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske, odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710en_US
dc.titleNitric oxide, oxidative stress and streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus bacterial loads in saliva during the different stages of pregnancy: A longitudinal studyen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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