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norskISM skriftserie: Recent submissions
Now showing items 61-80 of 161
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Epidemiology and new opportunities of investigating risk factors for congenital malformations in Northwest Russia: a registry-based linkage study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-12)<p>Birth defects constitute an important public health issue as they are the main causes of perinatal and infant mortality. To address incomplete data coverage in Russia, the studies described in this thesis all have a registry-based study design, and were based on the linkage of the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR) and the Murmansk Regional Congenital Defects Registry (MRCDR) to investigate ... -
Diagnostic tests for lung and heart diseases in primary care - from quality assurance to epidemiology
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-02)The use of pulse oximetry and spirometry tests in general practice is increasing. Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method for measuring oxygen saturation (SpO2). The pulse oximeter is a helpful tool in primary care because it is tolerable for the patient, easy to use and acceptable within the time constraints of a busy practice. Spirometry is used in both diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory ... -
Atrial Fibrillation: A prospective population study of risk factors and complications. The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-04-26)Background: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It increases the lifetime risk of stroke and heart failure and affects one’s quality of life and cognition. Objective: To investigate diastolic dysfunction as risk factor for AF and AF as a risk factor for stroke and cognitive decline. Methods: Participants from the Tromsø Study ... -
Changes in smoking behavior during pregnancy: prevalence and effect on selected adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. The Murmansk County Birth Registry study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-04-06)Aims:<br> The specific objectives of this thesis were to i) determine the prevalence of smoking before and during pregnancy and to assess socio-demographic factors associated with discontinuing smoking or smoking reduction once pregnant; ii) investigate the effect of first-trimester smoking cessation while pregnant on Preeclampsia/eclampsia; and iii) explore the effect of changes in smoking behavior ... -
Cortical porosity, medullary adiposity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, serum vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and nonvertebral fractures
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-03-28)Despite advances in therapies, assessment of fracture risk, and diagnosis of bone fragility, few women and men with high fracture risk receive treatment, even after they develop fracture. To be able to recognize and identify subjects who are at risk for fragility fracture, and to target treatment well, it is important to search for risk factors that are associated with, or ideally, predict fracture. ... -
Unrecognized Myocardial Infarction. Pain tolerance, prognosis and pathogenesis in men and women
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-03-22)Mange gjennomgår et hjerteinfarkt uten å vite at det har skjedd, dette kalles stumme hjerteinfarkt. Det er ikke kjent hvorfor noen rammes av stumme hjerteinfarkt, mens andre opplever brystsmerter og tar kontakt med lege. I Tromsøundersøkelsens 6.runde ble 6,199 personer undersøkt med EKG, der man kan se om en person har gjennomgått et hjerteinfarkt. I tillegg ble det samlet inn data på smertefølsomhet ... -
Embodied uncertainty - Exploring sensorial and existential dimensions of everyday life after cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-11-14)In Norway, as in other countries in the northern hemisphere, an increasing number of people survive after cancer diagnosis and treatment. Earlier studies have shown that life after cancer can be challenging in different ways, which makes it important to gain knowledge about this group to be able to meet their needs in the future. The main objective of this project was to understand the illness ... -
Three Essays on Subjective Well-being and Preference-Weighted Health
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-01-25)This thesis aims to: i) explore the importance of preference-weighting in health state utility (HSU) instruments and ii) examine the contribution of policy-relevant factors to subjective well-being (SWB). The analyses herein are based on an international sample of individuals aged 18 and above, and this thesis comprises three papers. Paper 1 examined the relative importance of preference-weighting ... -
Longitudinal changes in forearm bone mineral density in women and men from 25 to 84 years. The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2006) -
Occupational exposure, respiratory health and sensitisation among crab processing workers. A study among processors of king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) and edible crab (Cancer pagurus) in Norwegian land based crab processing plants.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-11-10)Occupational asthma and allergy are health problems found in the seafood processing industry. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the exposure to central components in bioaerosols collected in the breathing zone of crab processing workers, and explore the workers’ prevalence of respiratory symptoms and sensitisation to crustacean allergens. This thesis describes the exposure levels of total ... -
Self-reported musculoskeletal complaints. Prevalence, risk factors, and mortality.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-06-30)This thesis used data from the large-scale population-based Tromsø Study. More than 45,000 inhabitants of the municipality of Tromsø participated in at least one of the seven surveys conducted between 1974 and 2016 (Tromsø 1-7). In the papers constituting this thesis, musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) were defined as having pain and/or stiffness in muscles and joints lasting for at least 3 months ... -
“Breaking the silence” Interpersonal violence and Health among Sami and non-Sami. A population-based study in Mid -and Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-06-16)Sammendrag Dette arbeidet er en del av SAMINOR 2 studien. SAMINOR 2 er en populasjonsbasert tversnittsundersøkelse av helse- og levekår i områder med både norsk og samisk bosetning i Midt- og Nord-Norge. SAMINOR 2 er delvis en oppfølging av SAMINOR 1, men ble utvidet til å inkludere flere helserelaterte tema som vold og symptomer på post-traumatisk stress (PTS). I utvalgte områder ble alle innbyggere ... -
Decline in resting heart rate, its association with other variables, and its role in cardiovascular disease The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-02-10)Background: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an easily measured cardiovascular parameter that is considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in the general population. However, results on the association between RHR and these outcomes are inconsistent, and studies on longitudinal trends in RHR and the role of long-term changes in RHR in CVD and mortality are scarce. ... -
Managing exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - An investigation of treatment decisions from a primary care perspective
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-03-24)Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compose a considerable burden for both patients and health care systems. Optimal management in primary care, including self-treatment of COPD exacerbations with antibiotics and oral corticosteroids, is considered to be one key for providing good care for patients at reasonable costs. This thesis aimed to explore treatment of COPD exacerbations ... -
Adolescents and self-harm. A study of factors associated with suicide and use of health care services following self-harm in national representative populations of Norwegian adolescents
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-01-11)This thesis uses data recorded in Norwegian governmental health registers, as well as data collected in a nationwide school survey carried out in Norway, to study risk factors for suicide and factors associated with the use of health services following self-harm in adolescents. Paper I examined suicide in a population of half a million men with physician-diagnosed minor or major mental health ... -
Risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes: opportunities and perspectives of a birth registry-based study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-02-08)Background: Preterm birth, perinatal death, and birth of babies small for gestational age are amongst common adverse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal lifestyle, mothers’ health status before and during pregnancy, previous adverse pregnancy outcomes as well as socio-demographic factors all influence perinatal mortality, prematurity, and small for gestational age birth. To date, despite many studies of ... -
Psykomotorisk fysioterapi – en praksis i bevegelse. Festskrift til Gudrun Øvreberg
(Book; Bok, 2016-12)<p>Festskriftet Psykomotorisk fysioterapi – en praksis i bevegelse ble skrevet i anledning Gudrun Øvreberg sin 80 års dag. Vi ønsket å hylle og takke henne for det hun har betydd og delt av sin kunnskap i klinikk, undervisning og formidling av psykomotorisk fysioterapi. Samtidig var det en anledning til å skrive og formidle nye fagtekster, og en mulighet til å synliggjøre og videreutvikle det særegne ... -
Training interactions in local teams: Using critical participatory action research to explore context based learning
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-01-09)Akuttmedisinske pasienter har ofte krevende og komplekse medisinske behov som lokale, tverrfaglige team må bidra til å møte. Akuttmedisinforskriften pålegger trening i samhandling for tjenestene utenfor sykehus. Vi ønsket derfor å utforske og forbedre lokal team trening. I Alta har lokalt helsepersonell systematisk arrangert slike treninger hver måned siden 2007, forankret i egen kompetanse og egen ... -
When coercion moves into your home. A study of outpatient commitment in Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-12-08)”Når tvangen flyttes hjem i stua” Tvang overfor pasienter som bor hjemme erfares annerledes enn hvordan vi vanligvis tenker om tvang i psykisk helsevern, viser en ny studie fra UIT. Tvunget psykisk helsevern uten døgnopphold (TUD) betyr at pasienten bor utenfor sykehus, men fortsatt er underlagt tvang. Dette innebærer en avgrenset mulighet for å bruke tvang : 1. Pasienten kan hentes, eventuelt ... -
Using medical birth registries in the Kola Peninsula for birth defects surveillance and investigation of their risk factors
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-11-18)Medical birth registries are valuable sources of information about maternal and newborn’s health. In North-West Russia the registries were initiated in 1997 in the city of Monchegorsk and for all of Murmansk County in 2005. In this thesis we demonstrated the effectiveness of these data sources for surveillance of birth defects with the following objectives: (i) estimated changes in prevalence of ...
