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dc.contributor.authorFransson, Agneta Ingrid
dc.contributor.authorChierici, Melissa
dc.contributor.authorNomura, Daiki
dc.contributor.authorGranskog, Mats A.
dc.contributor.authorKristiansen, Svein
dc.contributor.authorMartma, Tõnu
dc.contributor.authorNehrke, Gernot
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-02T09:42:30Z
dc.date.available2022-05-02T09:42:30Z
dc.date.issued2015-02-03
dc.description.abstractIn order to investigate the effect of glacial water on the CO<sub>2</sub> system in the fjord, we studied the variability of the total alkalinity (A<sub>T</sub>), total dissolved inorganic carbon (C<sub>T</sub>), dissolved inorganic nutrients, oxygen isotopic ratio (δ<sup>18</sup>O), and freshwater fractions from the glacier front to the outer Tempelfjorden on Spitsbergen in winter 2012 (January, March, and April) and 2013 (April) and summer/fall 2013 (September). The two contrasting years clearly showed that the influence of freshwater, mixing, and haline convection affected the chemical and physical characteristics of the fjord. The seasonal variability showed the lowest calcium carbonate saturation state (Ω) and pH values in March 2012 coinciding with the highest freshwater fractions. The highest Ω and pH were found in September 2013, mostly due to CO<sub>2</sub> uptake during primary production. Overall, we found that increased freshwater supply decreased Ω, pH, and A<sub>T</sub>. On the other hand, we observed higher A<sub>T</sub> relative to salinity in the freshwater end-member in the mild and rainy winter of 2012 (1142 μmol kg<sup>−1</sup>) compared to A<sub>T</sub> in 2013 (526 μmol kg<sup>−1</sup>). Observations of calcite and dolomite crystals in the glacial ice suggested supply of carbonate-rich glacial drainage water to the fjord. This implies that winters with a large amount of glacial drainage water partly provide a lessening of further ocean acidification, which will also affect the air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> exchange.en_US
dc.identifier.citationFransson AI, Chierici M, Nomura D, Granskog MA, Kristiansen S, Martma T, Nehrke. Effect of glacial drainage water on the CO2 system and ocean acidification state in an Arctic tidewater-glacier fjord during two contrasting years. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Oceans. 2015;120(4):2413-2429en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1250146
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/2014JC010320
dc.identifier.issn2169-9275
dc.identifier.issn2169-9291
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/24966
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.relation.journalJournal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Oceans
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2015 The Author(s)en_US
dc.titleEffect of glacial drainage water on the CO2 system and ocean acidification state in an Arctic tidewater-glacier fjord during two contrasting yearsen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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