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dc.contributor.authorNordström, Anna Hava
dc.contributor.authorNordström, Peter
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-20T08:22:42Z
dc.date.available2022-05-20T08:22:42Z
dc.date.issued2018-01-30
dc.description.abstractBackground<p> <p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with dementia. The questions of whether the risk of dementia decreases over time after TBI, whether it is similar for different TBI types, and whether it is influenced by familial aggregation are not well studied. <p>Methods and findings <p>The cohort considered for inclusion comprised all individuals in Sweden aged 50 years on December 31, 2005 (n = 3,329,360). Diagnoses of dementia and TBI were tracked through nationwide databases from 1964 until December 31, 2012. In a first cohort, individuals diagnosed with TBI (n = 164,334) were matched with up to two controls. A second cohort consisted of subjects diagnosed with dementia during follow-up (n = 136,233) matched with up to two controls. A third cohort consisted of 46,970 full sibling pairs with discordant TBI status. During a mean follow-up period of 15.3 (range, 0–49) years, 21,963 individuals in the first cohort (6.3% with TBI, 3.6% without TBI) were diagnosed with dementia (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75–1.86). The association was strongest in the first year after TBI (OR, 3.52; 95% CI, 3.23–3.84), but the risk remained significant >30 years (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.11–1.41). Single mild TBI showed a weaker association with dementia (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.57–1.70) than did more severe TBI (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.95–2.19) and multiple TBIs (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 2.51–3.15). These results were in general confirmed in the nested case-control cohort. TBI was also associated with an increased risk of dementia diagnosis in sibling pairs with discordant TBI status (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.62– 2.21). A main limitation of the present study is the observational design. Thus, no causal inferences can be made based on the associations found. <p>Conclusions <p>The risk of dementia diagnosis decreased over time after TBI, but it was still evident >30 years after the trauma. The association was stronger for more severe TBI and multiple TBIs, and it persisted after adjustment for familial factors.en_US
dc.identifier.citationNordström A, Nordström P (2018) Traumatic brain injury and the risk of dementia diagnosis: A nationwide cohort study. PLoS Med 15(1): e1002496en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1631706
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pmed.1002496
dc.identifier.issn1548-7091
dc.identifier.issn1548-7105
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/25230
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.relation.journalNature Methods
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2018 The Author(s)en_US
dc.titleTraumatic brain injury and the risk of dementia diagnosis: A nationwide cohort studyen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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