Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorZhang, Shun-Rong
dc.contributor.authorVierinen, Juha
dc.contributor.authorAa, Ercha
dc.contributor.authorGoncharenko, Larisa P.
dc.contributor.authorErickson, Philip J.
dc.contributor.authorRideout, William
dc.contributor.authorCoster, Anthea J.
dc.contributor.authorSpicher, Andres
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-17T11:38:26Z
dc.date.available2022-08-17T11:38:26Z
dc.date.issued2022-03-23
dc.description.abstractThe Tonga volcano eruption at 04:14:45 UT on 2022-01-15 released enormous amounts of energy into the atmosphere, triggering very significant geophysical variations not only in the immediate proximity of the epicenter but also globally across the whole atmosphere. This study provides a global picture of ionospheric disturbances over an extended period for at least 4 days. We find traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) radially outbound and inbound along entire Great-Circle loci at primary speeds of ∼300–350 m/s (depending on the propagation direction) and 500–1,000 km horizontal wavelength for front shocks, going around the globe for three times, passing six times over the continental US in 100 h since the eruption. TIDs following the shock fronts developed for ∼8 h with 10–30 min predominant periods in near- and far- fields. TID global propagation is consistent with the effect of Lamb waves which travel at the speed of sound. Although these oscillations are often confined to the troposphere, Lamb wave energy is known to leak into the thermosphere through channels such as atmospheric resonance at acoustic and gravity wave frequencies, carrying substantial wave amplitudes at high altitudes. Prevailing Lamb waves have been reported in the literature as atmospheric responses to the gigantic Krakatoa eruption in 1883 and other geohazards. This study provides substantial first evidence of their long-duration imprints up in the global ionosphere. This study was enabled by ionospheric measurements from 5,000+ world-wide Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ground receivers, demonstrating the broad implication of the ionosphere measurement as a sensitive detector for atmospheric waves and geophysical disturbances.en_US
dc.identifier.citationZhang, Vierinen, Aa, Goncharenko, Erickson, Rideout, Coster, Spicher. 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption Induced Global Propagation of Ionospheric Disturbances via Lamb Waves. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences. 2022;9en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2029741
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fspas.2022.871275
dc.identifier.issn2296-987X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/26237
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_US
dc.relation.journalFrontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2022 The Author(s)en_US
dc.title2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption Induced Global Propagation of Ionospheric Disturbances via Lamb Wavesen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


File(s) in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following collection(s)

Show simple item record