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dc.contributor.authorVergroesen, Joëlle E.
dc.contributor.authorSchuster, Alexander K.
dc.contributor.authorStuart, Kelsey V.
dc.contributor.authorAsefa, Nigus G.
dc.contributor.authorCougnard-Grégoire, Audrey
dc.contributor.authorDelcourt, Cécile
dc.contributor.authorSchweitzer, Cédric
dc.contributor.authorBarreto, Patrícia
dc.contributor.authorCoimbra, Rita
dc.contributor.authorFoster, Paul J.
dc.contributor.authorLuben, Robert N.
dc.contributor.authorPfeiffer, Norbert
dc.contributor.authorStingl, Julia V.
dc.contributor.authorKirsten, Toralf
dc.contributor.authorRauscher, Franziska G.
dc.contributor.authorWirkner, Kerstin
dc.contributor.authorJansonius, Nomdo M.
dc.contributor.authorArnould, Louis
dc.contributor.authorCreuzot-Garcher, Catherine P.
dc.contributor.authorStricker, Bruno H.
dc.contributor.authorKeskini, Christina
dc.contributor.authorTopouzis, Fotis
dc.contributor.authorBertelsen, Geir
dc.contributor.authorEggen, Anne Elise
dc.contributor.authorBikbov, Mukharram M.
dc.contributor.authorJonas, Jost B.
dc.contributor.authorKlaver, Caroline C.W.
dc.contributor.authorRamdas, Wishal D.
dc.contributor.authorKhawaja, Anthony P.
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-23T11:07:50Z
dc.date.available2023-08-23T11:07:50Z
dc.date.issued2023-05-06
dc.description.abstractPurpose - To investigate the association of commonly used systemic medications with glaucoma and intraocular pressure (IOP) in the European population.<p> <p>Design - Meta-analysis of 11 population-based cohort studies of the European Eye Epidemiology Consortium.<p> <p>Participants - The glaucoma analyses included 143 240 participants and the IOP analyses included 47 177 participants.<p> <p>Methods - We examined associations of 4 categories of systemic medications—antihypertensive medications (β-blockers, diuretics, calcium channel blockers [CCBs], α-agonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers), lipid-lowering medications, antidepressants, and antidiabetic medications—with glaucoma prevalence and IOP. Glaucoma ascertainment and IOP measurement method were according to individual study protocols. Results of multivariable regression analyses of each study were pooled using random effects meta-analyses. Associations with antidiabetic medications were examined in participants with diabetes only.<p> <p>Main Outcome Measures - Glaucoma prevalence and IOP.<p> <p>Results - In the meta-analyses of our maximally adjusted multivariable models, use of CCBs was associated with a higher prevalence of glaucoma (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 1.39). This association was stronger for monotherapy of CCBs with direct cardiac effects (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.23 to 3.12). No other antihypertensive medications, lipid-lowering medications, antidepressants, or antidiabetic medications were associated with glaucoma. Use of systemic β-blockers was associated with a lower IOP (β coefficient, −0.33 mmHg; 95% CI, −0.57 to −0.08 mmHg). Monotherapy of both selective systemic β-blockers (β coefficient, −0.45 mmHg; 95% CI −0.74 to −0.16 mmHg) and nonselective systemic β-blockers (β coefficient, −0.54 mmHg; 95% CI, −0.94 to −0.15 mmHg) was associated with lower IOP. A suggestive association was found between use of high-ceiling diuretics and lower IOP (β coefficient, −0.30 mmHg; 95% CI, −0.47 to −0.14 mmHg) but not when used as monotherapy. No other antihypertensive medications, lipid-lowering medications, antidepressants, or antidiabetic medications were associated with IOP.<p> <p>Conclusions - We identified a potentially harmful association between use of CCBs and glaucoma prevalence. Additionally, we observed and quantified the association of lower IOP with systemic β-blocker use. Both findings potentially are important, given that patients with glaucoma frequently use systemic antihypertensive medications. Determining causality of the CCB association should be a research priority.en_US
dc.identifier.citationVergroesen, Schuster, Stuart, Asefa, Cougnard-Grégoire, Delcourt, Schweitzer, Barreto, Coimbra, Foster, Luben, Pfeiffer, Stingl, Kirsten, Rauscher, Wirkner, Jansonius, Arnould, Creuzot-Garcher, Stricker, Keskini, Topouzis, Bertelsen, Eggen, Bikbov, Jonas, Klaver, Ramdas, Khawaja. Association of Systemic Medication Use with Glaucoma and Intraocular Pressure: The European Eye Epidemiology Consortium. Ophthalmology (Rochester, Minn.). 2023en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2162082
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.05.001
dc.identifier.issn0161-6420
dc.identifier.issn1549-4713
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/30237
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.journalOphthalmology (Rochester, Minn.)
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2023 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleAssociation of Systemic Medication Use with Glaucoma and Intraocular Pressure: The European Eye Epidemiology Consortiumen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)