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dc.contributor.authorVijayaram, Seerengaraj
dc.contributor.authorRingø, Einar
dc.contributor.authorZuorro, Antonio
dc.contributor.authorvan Doan, Hien
dc.contributor.authorSun, Yunzhang
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-24T09:35:54Z
dc.date.available2023-08-24T09:35:54Z
dc.date.issued2023-03-21
dc.description.abstractProtein deficiency is a major difficulty for human needs in the past few decades, while different types of aquatic species are rich in high quality protein. Therefore, aquaculture is considered as the main developing food production sector globally. Bacterial infections are the main problem for aquaculture, and their outbreaks have a great impact on productivity, and previously indiscriminate use of antibiotics to control them. However, the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens might lead to sudden infectious disease outbreaks resulting in serious economic loss. Immunostimulants application is an effective technique to protect and enhance the immune system of aquatic animals and therefore improve aquaculture production. Nutrient immunostimulants such as essential fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals are the most important responsibility to improve aquaculture production, as well as the cost of this method, which is effective, non-toxic, and environment friendly. These nutrient immunostimulants are supportive to increase the immune system, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and infection resistance of aquatic animals. In addition, nutritional feed additives improved feed palatability and the excellence of aquatic products and also enhance gut functions. Some information is available on nutrient immunostimulants in aquaculture applications, and this review provides information on different kinds of nutritional administration used in aquaculture to enhance positive impacts on aquatic animals’ health as well as feed quality development. This review will provide theoretical references for the application of nutrient immunostimulants in aquatic feeds.en_US
dc.identifier.citationVijayaram, Ringø, Zuorro, van Doan, Sun. Beneficial roles of nutrients as immunostimulants in aquaculture: A review. Aquaculture and Fisheries. 2023en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2139404
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.aaf.2023.02.001
dc.identifier.issn2468-550X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/30315
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.journalAquaculture and Fisheries
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2023 Shanghai Ocean Universityen_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)en_US
dc.titleBeneficial roles of nutrients as immunostimulants in aquaculture: A reviewen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)