Institutt for klinisk medisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 581-600 of 1804
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The Norwegian childhood cancer biobank
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-20)Background - The rapidly expanding era of “omics” research is highly dependent on the availability of quality-proven biological material, especially for rare conditions such as pediatric malignancies. Professional biobanks provide such material, focusing on standardized collection and handling procedures, distinctive quality measurements, traceability of storage conditions, and accessibility. For ... -
What do we know about written assessment of health professionals’ communication skills? A scoping review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-15)Objective - The aim of this scoping review was to investigate the published literature on written assessment of communication skills in health professionals’ education.<p> <p>Methods - Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl and Psychnfo were screened for the period 1/1995–7/2020. Selection was conducted by four pairs of reviewers. Four reviewers extracted and analyzed the data regarding study, instrument, item, ... -
Effects of cold decompression on hemodynamic function and DCS risk in a dry diving rat model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-03)Background: Diving in cold water is thought to increase the risk of decompression sickness (DCS), especially if the diver is cold during decompression. In this study, we investigated hemodynamic function and DCS risk in an animal model, where cold decompression was followed by rewarming at the surface. <p> <p>Methods: Nine female Sprague Dawley rats had pressure-volume catheters inserted into ... -
Fetal cardiac function at intrauterine transfusion assessed by automated analysis of color tissue Doppler recordings
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-13)Background: Fetal anemia is associated with a hyperdynamic circulation and cardiac remodeling. Rapid intrauterine transfusion (IUT) of blood with high hematocrit and viscosity into the umbilical vein used to treat this condition can temporarily further affect fetal heart function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term changes in fetal myocardial function caused by IUT using automated ... -
Patient-tailored levothyroxine dosage with pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling: A novel approach after total thyroidectomy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-07)Background: After seven decades of levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy, dosage adjustment still takes several months. We have developed a decision aid tool (DAT) that models LT4 pharmacometrics and enables patient-tailored dosage. The aim of this was to speed up dosage adjustments for patients after total thyroidectomy.<p> <p>Methods: The DAT computer program was developed with a group of 46 ... -
Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus and Associated Factors Among Preconception Women: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study in China
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)Background: Cytomegalovirus seroconversion during pregnancy is common and has a substantial risk of congenital infection with longterm sequale. Screening during pregnancy or vaccination have not been shown to be effective for eliminating congenital infections. Preconception screening policy has not been evaluated adequately in a large scale. This nationwide study aimed to investigate epidemiological ... -
Open chest and pericardium facilitate transpulmonary passage of venous air emboli
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-17)<p><i>Background:</i> Transpulmonary passage of air emboli can lead to fatal brain- and myocardial infarctions. We studied whether pigs with open chest and pericardium had a greater transpulmonary passage of venous air emboli than pigs with closed thorax. <p><i>Methods:</i> We allocated pigs with verified closed foramen ovale to venous air infusion with either open chest with sternotomy and opening ... -
Sputter deposition of titanium on poly(Methyl methacrylate) enhances corneal biocompatibility
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-23)Purpose: To evaluate titanium (Ti) sputtering of the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) stem of the Boston Keratoprosthesis (BK) as a method to enhance interfacial adhesion between the PMMA and the recipient corneal tissue.<p> <p>Methods: PMMA specimens were plasma treated with Ar/O<sub>2</sub> and coated with Ti using a DC magnetron sputtering instrument. The topography and hydrophilicity of the ... -
Intake of Fermented Dairy Products Induces a Less Pro‐Inflammatory Postprandial Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression Response than Non‐Fermented Dairy Products: A Randomized Controlled Cross‐Over Trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020)Scope: It is aimed to investigate how intake of high-fat meals composed of different dairy products with a similar fat content affects postprandial peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) expression of inflammation-related genes, as well as circulating inflammatory markers and metabolites.<p>Methods and results: Healthy subjects (n = 47) consume four different high-fat meals composed of either butter, ... -
New clinical data on human spinal cord re-irradiation tolerance
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-05)<i>Purpose</i> - To provide additional clinical data about the re-irradiation tolerance of the spinal cord.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - This was a retrospective bi-institutional study of patients re-irradiated to the cervical or thoracic spinal cord with minimum follow-up of 6 months. The maximum dose (Dmax) and dose to 0.1cc (D0.1cc) were determined (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]-defined cord) ... -
Overexpression of mir-20a-5p in tumor epithelium is an independent negative prognostic indicator in prostate cancer—a multi-institutional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-14)<i>Objective</i>: assessing the prognostic role of miR-20a-5p, in terms of clinical outcome, in a large multi-institutional cohort study.<br><br> <i>Methods</i>: Tissue microarrays from 535 patients’ prostatectomy specimens were constructed. In situ hybridization was performed to assess the expression level of miR-20a-5p in different tissue subregions: tumor stroma (TS) and tumor epithelium (TE). ... -
Antenatal breastmilk expression for women with diabetes in pregnancy - a feasibility study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-23)<p>Background: Mothers with diabetes are less likely to achieve successful breastfeeding. Antenatal breastmilk expression (ABE) may facilitate earlier breastfeeding, but feasibility of introducing ABE and its acceptance among Scandinavian women have previously not been investigated. <p>Methods: This observational trial was conducted between the 1 January 2019 and the 12 March 2020 in Tromsø, Norway. ... -
Non-radiologist-performed abdominal point-of-care ultrasonography in paediatrics — a scoping review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-10)<i>Background</i> - Historically, US in the paediatric setting has mostly been the domain of radiologists. However, in the last decade, there has been an uptake of non-radiologist point-of-care US.<br><br> <i>Objective</i> - To gain an overview of abdominal non-radiologist point-of-care US in paediatrics.<br><br> <i>Materials and methods</i> - We conducted a scoping review regarding the uses ... -
A prognostic model for failure and worsening after lumbar microdiscectomy: a multicenter study from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-10)<i>Objective</i> - To develop a prognostic model for failure and worsening 1 year after surgery for lumbar disc herniation.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - This multicenter cohort study included 11,081 patients operated with lumbar microdiscectomy, registered at the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery. Follow-up was 1 year. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess potential ... -
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) based on cystatin C was associated with increased risk of hip and proximal humerus fractures in women and decreased risk of hip fracture in men, whereas eGFR based on creatinine was not associated with fracture risk in both sexes: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-14)<i>Purpose</i> - Patients with end-stage kidney disease have an increased fracture risk. Whether mild to moderate reductions in kidney function is associated with increased fracture risk is uncertain. Results from previous studies may be confounded by muscle mass because of the use of creatinine-based estimates of the glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcre). We tested the hypothesis that lower eGFR ... -
Echocardiographic assessment of diastolic dysfunction in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis before and after aortic valve replacement
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-28)Background - The 2016 guidelines of the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) for evaluation of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction by Doppler flow and tissue Doppler- echocardiography do not adjust assessment of high filling pressures for patients with aortic stenosis (AS). However, most of the studies on this patient group ... -
Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor and future risk of incident venous thromboembolism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-07)Several case-control studies have reported elevated plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared with controls. However, because few studies have investigated the association in a prospective design, it is unclear whether elevated plasma VWF is a risk factor or a consequence of the VTE event. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prospective ... -
Expired carbon dioxide during newborn resuscitation as predictor of outcome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-03)<i>Aim</i> - To explore and compare expired CO<sub>2</sub> (ECO<sub>2</sub>) and heart rate (HR), during newborn resuscitation with bag-mask ventilation, as predictors of 24-h outcome.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - Observational study from March 2013 to June 2017 in a rural Tanzanian hospital. Side-stream measures of ECO<sub>2</sub>, ventilation parameters, HR, clinical information, and 24-h outcome ... -
Cardiovascular Effects of Epinephrine During Experimental Hypothermia (32°C) With Spontaneous Circulation in an Intact Porcine Model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-06)<i>Aims</i>: Rewarming from accidental hypothermia and therapeutic temperature management could be complicated by cardiac dysfunction. Although pharmacologic support is often applied when rewarming these patients, updated treatment recommendations are lacking. There is an underlying deficiency of clinical and experimental data to support such interventions and this prevents the development of clinical ... -
Acceptability of collecting speech samples from the elderly via the telephone
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-17)<i>Objective</i> - There is a critical need to develop rapid, inexpensive and easily accessible screening tools for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We report on the efficacy of collecting speech via the telephone to subsequently develop sensitive metrics that may be used as potential biomarkers by leveraging natural language processing methods.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> ...